Laboratory and field studies on the reproductive ecology of Parocneria orienta (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) in China

Hua Yang,Kun-Sheng ZHANG,Wei YANG,Chun-Ping YANG 한국곤충학회 2015 Entomological Research Vol.45 No.2

To lay a foundation for the monitoring, prevention and control of Parocneria orienta, a pest moth in China, we investigated the reproductive ecology of P. orienta, including the environmental factors affecting reproduction and the effects of pheromones in field traps. The results showed that the mating duration is shorter when the temperature is higher, with the optimal temperature range for P. orienta reproduction being 22–27°C. The sex ratio had an effect on the male mating capacity, which significantly increased when the sex ratio was ♀:♂ ≥ 3:1. The average number of matings was 2.44 for males, while female P. orienta mated only once in a lifetime. Males were more attracted to virgin females than to mated females, and the temperature and light period had an effect on the release of sex pheromones by females. Field trap tests using virgin females supported the results obtained in the laboratory, showing that the release of sex pheromones by P. orienta follows a distinct circadian rhythm.

Highly Concise Synthesis of 3'-'Up'-ethynyl-5'-methylbicyclo- [3.1.0]hexyl Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleoside Derivatives Using Rhodium(II) Carbenoid Cycloaddition and Highly Diastereoselective Grignard Reaction

Yang, Zunhua,Kim, Kyung Ran,Park, Ah-Young,Lee, Hyung-Rock,Kang, Jin-Ah,Kim, Won Hee,Chun, Pusoon,Gong, Ping,Lee, Boeun,Jeong, Lak Shin,Moon, Hyung Ryong WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Chinese journal of chemistry Vol.27 No.12

<P>Synthesis of north-5'-methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl purine and pyrimidine nucleosides with an ethynyl group at C-3' position has been successfully accomplished by a facile method. Methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanone (±)-5 having three contiguous chiral centers was remarkably simply constructed only by four steps containing a carbenoid insertion reaction in the presence of rhodium(II) acetate dimer and CuSO<SUB>4</SUB>, giving a correct relative stereochemistry of the generated three chiral centers. Upon Grignard reaction of (±)-5 with ethynylmagnesium bromide, exclusive diastereoselectivity was observed. Condensation of glycosyl donor (±)-9 with purine nucleobase afforded only the desired N<SUP>9</SUP>-alkylated nucleoside, while condensation with pyrimidine, N<SUP>3</SUP>-benzoylated uracil gave the desired N<SUP>1</SUP>-alkylated nucleoside (±)-13 with the undesired O<SUP>2</SUP>-alkylated nucleoside (±)-14. Probably, (±)-14 would be formed due to steric hindrance caused upon approaching for N<SUP>1</SUP>-alkylation.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Synthesis of north-5'-methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl nucleosides with an ethynyl group at C-3' position has been successfully accomplished by a facile method. Methylbicyclo- [3.1.0]hexanone (±)-5 having three contiguous chiral centers was remarkably simply constructed only by four steps containing a carbenoid insertion reaction in the presence of rhodium(II) acetate dimer, giving a correct relative stereochemistry of the three chiral centers generated. Upon Grignard reaction of (±)-5 with ethynylmagnesium bromide, exclusive diastereoselectivity was observed. Condensation with N<SUP>3</SUP>-benzoylated uracil gave the desired N<SUP>1</SUP>-alkylated nucleoside (±)-13 with the undesired O<SUP>2</SUP>-alkylated nucleoside (±)-14. <img src='wiley_img/1001604X-2009-27-12-CJOC201090016-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/1001604X-2009-27-12-CJOC201090016-content'> </P>

Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveals That the 20K and 38K Prophages in Listeria monocytogenes Serovar 4a Strains Lm850658 and M7 Contribute to Genetic Diversity but Not to Virulence

( Chun Fang ),( Tong Cao ),( Ying Shan ),( Ye Xia ),( Yong Ping Xin ),( Chang Yong Cheng ),( Houhui Song ),( John Bowman ),( Xiao Liang Li ),( Xiang Yang Zhou ),( Wei Huan Fang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of considerable genetic diversity with varying pathogenicity. Initially, we found that the strain M7 was far less pathogenic than the strain Lm850658 though both are serovar 4a strains belonging to the lineage III. Comparative genomic approaches were then attempted to decipher the genetic basis that might govern the strain-dependent pathotypes. There are 2,761 coding sequences of 100% nucleotide identity between the two strains, accounting for 95.7% of the total genes in Lm850658 and 92.7% in M7. Lm850658 contains 33 specific genes, including a novel 20K prophage whereas strain M7 has 130 specific genes, including two large prophages (38K and 44K). To examine the roles of these specific prophages in pathogenicity, the 20K and 38K prophages were deleted from their respective strains. There were virtually no differences of pathogenicity between the deletion mutants and their parent strains, although some putative virulent factors like VirB4 are present in the 20K region or holin-lysin in the 38K region. In silico PCR analysis of 29 listeria genomes show that only strain SLCC2540 has the same 18 bp integration hotspot as Lm850658, whereas the sequence identity of their 20K prophages is very low (21.3%). The 38K and 44K prophages are located in two other different hotspots and are conserved in low virulent strains M7, HCC23, and L99. In conclusion, the 20K and 38K prophages of L. monocytogenes serovar 4a strains Lm850658 and M7 are not related to virulence but contribute to genetic diversity.

Enhancement of Haloacetate Dehalogenase Production by Strain Mutation and Condition Optimization

Chun-jiao Lin,Li-rong Yang,Gang Xu,Jian-ping Wu 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

Enhancement of the activity of an inducible chloroacetate dehalogenase was carried out by efficient and safe mutation with UV and microwave irradiation along with optimization of culture conditions. First, a stable mutant of Pseudomonas sp. CGMCC 3267-MW6 with chloroacetate dehalogenase activity of 2.77 U/mL (3-fold higher activity than the wild strain) was produced by mutation. The maximum activity of this inducible enzyme was measured as 29.41 U/mL when Pseudomonas sp. CGMCC 3267-MW6 was cultured with 4 g/L 3-hydroxybutyrate for 12 h followed by 40 mM 3-chlorobutyrate for an additional 20 h. Production of the enzyme was found to be associated with growth of the bacterium. According to these results, we determined that the optimum inducer of chloroacetate dehalogenase activity would be a hard degradable substrate. The optimum auxiliary carbon source would be the primary metabolite of the substrate or the precursor of the metabolite. The optimum time of inducer supplementation would be during the middle stage of exponential phase. The optimum concentration of substrate would be sufficient but would not induce inhibition. Finally, the optimum collection time would be at the later stage of exponential phase. This work provides further knowledge of chloroacetate dehalogenase and the optimization of inducible enzyme production.

Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 pandemic and emerging challenges: An online cross-sectional survey in China

Chun-Li Lu,Ruo-Xiang Zheng,Xue Xue,Xiao-Wen Zhang,Xue-Han Liu,Xin-Yan Jin,Feng-Lan Pu,Hui-Di Lan,Min Fang,Ling-Yao Kong,Merlin Willcox,Bertrand Graz,Joelle Houriet,Xiao-Yang Hu,Jian-ping Liu 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.-

Background We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. Results The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. Conclusion We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines. Background We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. Results The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. Conclusion We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines.

Biosorption of Chromium (VI) from Electroplating Wastewater using Pine Cone Powder

Chun-Ji Jin,Jiang-Li Shen,Sang-Houck Lee,Bo Xiao,Ping Yang 한국도시환경학회 2010 한국도시환경학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Mechanical Performance of 3D-Printing Plastic Honeycomb Sandwich Structure

Chun Lu,Mingxue Qi,Shafiul Islam,Ping Chen,Shuangsheng Gao,Yanrong Xu,Xiangdong Yang 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.5 No.1

In this study, Bi-Grid, Tri-Grid, Quadri-Grid and Kagome-Grid honeycombs were designed and fabricated using 3D printing technology Sandwich composites were prepared by gluing the cores and composite face sheets together. Mechanical performance of the sandwich structures were characterized using finite element analysis and three-point bending test. Results indicate that when suffering from bending loads, the stress concentrations are located at the loading zone on upper face sheets (distributed in both sides of the indenter) and supporting zone on bottom face sheets, and the stress concentration zones of the honeycomb cores are located in the area that between indenter and supports. The failure mechanism of the Bi-Grid sandwich structure is interfacial de-bonding between composite face sheet and Bi-Grid core, and the failure modes of the Tri-Grid, Quadri-Grid and Kagome-Grid are core shear. The mechanical performance of Quadri-Grid sandwich structure is better than that of the other three structures.

Case-control study on the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene Polymorphisms associated with breast cancer in in Chinese Han women

Chun-Lian Liu,Xiao-Ping Hu,Wei-Dong Guo,Li Yang,Jie Dang,Hai-Yan Jiao 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.4

Purpose: Genetic variation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2) is a newly described risk factor for breast cancer. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the association of four single nucleotidepolymorphisms (SNPs) in FGFR2 with breast cancer in Han Chinesewomen. Methods: Two hundred three women with breastcancer and 200 breast cancer-free age-matched controls wereselected. Four SNPs (rs2981579, rs1219648, rs2420946, andrs2981582) and their haplotypes were analyzed to test for theirassociation with breast cancer susceptibility. The presence ofthe four FGFR2 SNPs was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results:A statistically significant difference was observed in thefrequency of rs2981582 in the FGFR2 gene (p<0.05) betweencase and control groups. In subjects stratified by menopausalstatus, rs2981582 TT, rs2420946 AA, and rs1219648 CC weresignificantly associated with the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausalsubjects, but no significant associations betweenthese four SNPs and the risk of breast cancer were identified inpremenopausal subjects. Further, there was no significant associationbetween hormone receptor status (estrogen receptor andprogesterone receptor) and breast cancer risk. Six common (>3%) haplotypes were identified. Three of these haplotypes,CGTC (odds ratio [OR], 0.613; 95% confidence interval [CI],0.457-0.82; p=0.001), TGTC (OR, 6.561; 95% CI, 2.064-20.854;p<0.001), and CATC (OR, 12.645; 95% CI, 1.742-91.799; p=0.001) were significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Conclusion:Our findings indicated that the SNP rs2981582 and haplotypesCGTC, TGTC, and CATC in FGFR2 may be associatedwith an increased risk of breast cancer in Han Chinese women.

Biomechanical Evaluation of 2 Endoscopic Spine Surgery Methods for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Finite Element Study

Yang Zou,Shuo Ji,Hui Wen Yang,Tao Ma,Yue Kun Fang,Zhi Cheng Wang,Miao Miao Liu,Ping Hui Zhou,Zheng Qi Bao,Chang Chun Zhang,Yu Chen Ye 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2 endoscopic spine surgeries on the biomechanical properties of normal and osteoporotic spines. Methods: Based on computed tomography images of a healthy adult volunteer, 6 finite element models were created. After validating the normal intact model, a concentrated force of 400 N and a moment of 7.5 Nm were exerted on the upper surface of L3 to simulate 6 physiological activities of the spine. Five types of indices were used to assess the biomechanical properties of the 6 models, range of motion (ROM), maximum displacement value, intervertebral disc stress, maximum stress value, and articular protrusion stress, and by combining them with finite element stress cloud. Results: In normal and osteoporotic spines, there was no meaningful change in ROM or disc stress in the 2 surgical models for the 6 motion states. Model N1 (osteoporotic percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy model) showed a decrease in maximum displacement value of 20.28% in right lateral bending. Model M2 (unilateral biportal endoscopic model) increased maximum displacement values of 16.88% and 17.82% during left and right lateral bending, respectively. The maximum stress value of L4–5 increased by 11.72% for model M2 during left rotation. In addition, using the same surgical approach, ROM, maximum displacement values, disc stress, and maximum stress values were more significant in the osteoporotic model than in the normal model. Conclusion: In both normal and osteoporotic spines, both surgical approaches were less disruptive to the physiologic structure of the spine. Furthermore, using the same endoscopic spine surgery, normal spine biomechanical properties are superior to osteoporotic spines.

A Study on Career Barriers and Employment Preparation Behaviors Recognized by College Students of Liberal Arts of K-University in Sichuan Province of China

왕양(Yang Wang),이평(Ping Li),고영춘(Young Chun Ko) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.17

목적 이 연구의 목적은, 중국 사천성 K-대학교 문과 대학생들이 지각하는 진로장벽과 진로준비행동의 분석을 함으로써, 문과 대학생들의 직업교육 및 진로상담에서 요구되는 기초자료를 마련하는 데 도움이 되고자 하는 것이다. 방법 연구의 대상은 중국 사천성 K-대학교 문과학생들을 대상으로 하였다. SPSS 25 프로그램은 인구통계학적 변인들인 성별, 학년, 출신지, 형제자매의 여부에 따른 진로장벽의 여섯 개 하위변인들과 진로준비행동의 두 개 하위변인들에 관한 각각의 평균값 차이를 결정하는 데 사용되었다. 결과 이 연구의 결과에 따르면, 성별에 의해 고용경쟁장벽에 대해서 p≤.05의 수준에서 유의미한 차이를 가졌다. 즉 고용경쟁장벽에 대해서 여성은 남성보다 더 높은 값을 가졌다. 외적준비행동에 대해서 남성은 여성보다 높았다. 그리고 내적준비행동에 대해서도 남성은 여성보다 높았다. 학년이 증가함에 의해서 직업지식장벽, 고용경쟁장벽, 전공수준장벽, 친지태도장벽은 높은 값을 가졌고, 이들 모두는 p≤.05의 수준에서 유의미한 차이를 가졌다. 그리고 외적 준비행동도 학년이 증가함에 의해서 증가되었다. 제각기 사회적 능력장벽과 가정환경장벽에 대하여 시골이 도시보다 높은 값을 가졌다. 한편 외적·내적 준비행동에 있어서는 도시와 농촌 사이에 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 진로장벽의 하위변인들 중에 오로지 가정환경장벽에 대해서만 형제자매가 없는 대학생이 형제자매가 있는 대학생보다 높은 값을 가졌다. 그러나 형제자매의 유무에 따라 진로준비행동에는 영향이 없음을 알았다. 결론 이 연구는 사천성 K-대학교 문과 대학생들이 인구통계학적 변수에 따라 인식하고 있는 진로장벽과 취업준비행동를 확인했다. 즉 진로장벽 및 외적 준비행동은 학년이 올라감에 따라 더욱 증가 되었으나, 내적 준비행동은 학년이 올라감에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 진로준비의 내적·외적 준비행동은 성별 차이에 의해서 여성이 남성보다 뒤지고 있다는 것을 확인했다. 이 연구결과를 바탕으로 사천성 K-대학교 문과 대학생들에 대한 내적 준비행동의 증진방법 및 여성의 내적·외적 준비행동에 대한 증진방법의 시사점을 제언하였다. Objectives This study is to help prepare basic data required for vocational education and career counseling for liberal arts students by analyzing career barriers and employment preparation behavior that college students of liberal arts in Sichuan Province perceive. Methods The subjects of this study were college students of liberal arts of K-University in Sichuan Province, China. The SPSS 20 program is used to determine the difference in the average values of each of both the six sub-variables of the career barrier and the two sub-variables of the employment preparation behavior by gender, academic year, hometown, and siblings. Results The results of the study showed a significant difference in the level of p≤.05 for employment barriers by gender (t=-1.96, p≤.05). In other words, for employment competition barrier, female had higher values than male(male=2.61, female=2.72). For external preparation behavior, male were higher than female(t=3.68, p≤.05; male=3.01, female=2.69). And for internal preparation behavior, male were higher than female(t=2.18, p≤.05; male=3.52, female=3.34). As the academic year increased, occupational knowledge barriers, employment competition barriers, major level barriers, and the relative attitude barriers had high values, all of which had significant differences at the level of p≤.05(occupational knowledge barriers: F=5.99; employment competition barriers: F=2.18; major level barriers: F=5.82; relative attitude barriers: F=5.37). External preparation behavior was also increased by an increase in academic year(F=2.95, p≤.05). For social ability barriers, rural district were higher than urban(t=2.03, p≤.05; urban=2.11, rural=2.25). And for home environment barriers, rural district were higher than urban(t=4.56, p≤.05; urban=1.81, rural=2.13). On the other hand, no difference was found between urban and rural district in terms of external and internal preparation behaviors. Among the lower variables of the career barrier, a college student without siblings only for the home environment barrier had a higher price than a college student with siblings. However, it was noted that there was no effect for employment preparation behavior by the presence and absence of siblings. Conclusions This study identified the career barriers and the employment preparation behaviors recognized by the college students of liberal arts of K-university in Sichuan Province according to demographic variables. Based on the results of this study, the suggestions are made on how to promote ‘internal preparation behaviors’ and ‘employment preparation behaviors of women’ for college students of the liberal arts of K-university in Sichuan Province.