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      • Legal Crisis and New Technology in Civil Courts: Urgent Need of Adopting Online Dispute Resolution in India

        Choung,Yonghwan,Kumari,Saloni 대동문화재단 2021 대동CT연구 Vol.1 No.1

        Expeditious settlement of disputes is pre-requisite of free economy, especially in the commercial matters. But pendency and backlog of cases in Indian judiciary has ransacked the working and functioning of nation as a whole. The underprivileged and poor people are the worst victim of this issue. Courtroom Litigation is a lengthy and expensive affair. And the pendency prolongs the cases for years depriving Justice to the needy as well as paralysing the economic activity of the nation. If this issue is not addressed in the near future, it has potential to crash the Indian judicial system under the weight of arrears. The idea of this paper is not to dwell upon the problem. It aims to explore the solutions and optimum methods needed for a reformative measure. Access of justice is a basic human right guaranteed by the common law. The Indian legal system is under constant pressure and questions have been raised as how do they plan to continue the justice delivery system. Thus, there is a need to prioritise the issue of pendency and access to justice to all. Since, a major dependency now lies upon the online and digital mode, the productivity during pandemic and even for future, can be enhanced through improved infrastructure of the online mode of alternative dispute settlement. The pandemic has reshaped how pending cases and future cases will be adjudicated. In light of this, the paper aims to divert the attention towards Alternative Dispute Resolution (“ADR”) and specifically Online modes of Dispute resolution and evaluate the efficacy of Online Dispute Resolution (“ODR”) mechanisms.

      • 스포츠산업의 시장세분화에 대한 분석 연구

        조충현 조선대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1999 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

        In a sports industry, consumers want to buy sporting goofs at a reasonable price in a preferred place. Enterprises adopt this consumer-oriented thinking as a basic principle for their existence and growth and develop appropriate marketing strategies and pursue profits. The subdivision model of sports industry can be utilized as a theoretical basis to foster sports industry. In addition, it is significant in that it can be utilized as an important information to develop programs and operate them in a relevant field. Furthermore, theoretical and scientific research on sports industry have been recently made in Korea. To understand the characteristics of the industry by subdividing them is important in that it enhances the efficiency of the industry, but it is full of suggestions in that it can expand the theoretical and practical identity of the study of physical education.

      • 인터네트 보안 게이트웨이 구현

        김충석,임채호 新羅大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

        Since Internet has been started with the connection to US Internet and NSFNET, Korea R&D newworks such as KREON et, HANA, KREN have been suffered in security breaches by dimestic hackers. They intrude another Internet hosts using "telnet", TCP/IP terminal access protocol. So in this paper, the method to protect their unauthorized acess is introduced and implemented in gateway system between public Internet and a certain Internet domain. Through this paper, designed "AacServ" system provides : -User Authentication : Check accessed user is vaild or not -Access Control : Check user'd source host & destination host id. is the pre-registered one or not -Functions for Manager : Resistration, edition, view, deletion of User MIB, logging AacServ activities, report of AacServ event... This system can be easily be installed at any site of Internet because its configuration is very simple, and the test result was successful. To expand this system's functions, it will be studied how to apply security services into another TCP/IP applications, like SMTP electronic mail, FTP, and etc.

      • 敎師效率性에 대한 學生評定의 理論的 考察

        金忠幸 仁川敎育大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.1

        敎師效率性에 대한 硏究는 그 동안 美國에서 오래 전부터 시작되었으며, 이 硏究를 통하여 敎師의 授業行動을 究明하고 改善하려고 하였다. 그런데, 敎師效率性에 대한 연구는 學生評定에 의해서 그 目的을 달성하려는 試圖가 여러 學者들에 의해 이루어졌다. 그 까닭은 敎師의 授業行動을 가장 잘 評價할 수 있는 者는 바로 그에게서 배운 學生들이기 때문에 교사의 수업행동의 情報를 정확하게 얻을 수 있다는 것이다. 學生評定을 硏究하는 學者들은 學生評定을 위한 ?當한 道具 제작에 많은 노력을 경주하였다. 과거 20年에 걸친 연구에서 敎師와 學生에 의해서 反應한 資料에 의해 이를 要因分析하여 學生評定의 要因과 問頂을 추출하였다. 최근의 學生評定의 綜合的 分析에서 學生評定과 學業成績과는 r=0.47로 報告되었으며, 學生評定의 信賴度는 0.80台에서 0,90台에 이르고 있어, 學生評定 妥當性과 信賴性을 인정하고 있다. 또한, 學生評定의 結果를 활용하여 교사가 수업행동을 교정하려고 努力하면 學生으로부터 좋은 反應을 얻을 수있다는 실험결과도 제시하였다. 이와 같이 學生評定은 敎師效率性을 높이는 데 實用的 價値가 있다는 것이다. 그러나, 이제까지의 硏究에서 교사들은 學生評定에 대한 拒否反應이 있을뿐 아니라, 그 結果의 活用에 실패한 경우가 많았다. 그 理由는 첫째,他人에 의해서 自身의 교수능력을 평가당하기를 원치 않으며, 둘째,學生評定의 결과를 活用하려고 하여도 교수행동을 교정하기 위한 적절한 방안을 모르기 때문이다. 그리고, 대부분의 硏究가 짧은 기간에 이루어지기 때문에,學生評定의 피이드백 過程에서 오는 形成過程을 정확히 규명하지 못하였다고 한다. 敎師效率性에 대한 學生評定은 그 妥當性을 인정하면서도 이상과 같은 문제점 때문에-般化의 속도가 지연되고 있는실정이다. 以上의 硏究들은 주로 美國에서 실시된 것이고, 그 對象도 대부분이 大學生을 대상으로 한 연구이다. 그런데, 大學生을 대상으로 할 경우에는 學力이나 能力으로 보아 初等이나 中等學生보다 우수아겠으나, 한 교사로부터 받은 授業量이 많지 않기때문에 정확한 評定을 하기에는 문제점이 없는 것이 아니다. 오히려, 國民學校를 대상으로 할 경우에는 全 敎料를 담당하기 때문에 敎師의 수업행동을 보다 정확히 평가할 수 있을 것이다. 더구나, 이들의 연구가 우리 나라와는 文化 및 敎育的인 諸 與件이 크게 다른 상황에서는 美國에서의 硏究結果가 그대로 우리 나라에 적용될 수 없을 것이다. 우리나라에서도 敎師效率性에 대한 學生評價의 實證的 硏究가 各級學敎水準을 대상으로 이루어져야 할 것이다. 이 實證的 硏究를 뒤받침하기 위한 것이 本 硏究의 基本目的이다. 이제까지의 考察을 통해서 敎師效率性의 要因은 크게 두가지領域으로 나눌 수 있다. 이 두 領域은 여러 學者들의 理論과 學生評定을 위한 尺度에서 공통적으로 제시하고 있는 것 중에서 연구 결과의 意義水準을 고려하여 추출한 要因은 다음과 같다. 다음에 제시된 要因의 ()안의 人名은 그 要因을 특히 강조한 學者들이다. 知的인 面: (1) 計劃과 準備性(Cosgrove, Gage, Taber, Glaser, Schaefer, Mckeachie, Cornell 等) (2) 說明能力(Gupta, Carroll, Green, Rosenshine, Mckeachie, Maryland 대학 연구팀, Cornell 等) (3) 問題 解決力(Cage, Cohen, Purdue 대학 연구팀, Marsh and Overall) (4) 敎科에 대한 組織(Cosgrove, Gage, Marsh and Overall, P. Ausbel, Rosenshine, Siegel) (5) 敎科에 대한 知識(Cosgrove, Minnis와 Shrable, Mckeachie, Maryland대학 연구팀,Combs 等) 情意的인 面: (6)熱意(Cage, Cosgrove, Marsh and Overall, D.G. Ryans) (7)動機誘發(Gupta, Bruner, Flanders, Sears, Hilgard, Cornell .等) (8)公正性(Purdue 대학 연구팀, Marsh and Overall, Kohlberg, Witty, Cornell 等) (9)溫情性(Aspy,Gupta, Marsh and Overall, Ryans, Patterson, Siegel 等) (10)相互作用(Flanders, Cosgrove, Marsh and Overall, Allen, Soar, Bidwell, Mckeachie, Maryland 대학 연구팀, Combs 等)

      • 스포츠센터 이용자의 스포츠시설 이용만족도에 관한 연구

        조충현,이건철 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

        This study was conducted to determine the relation between lifestyle of sports consumers and satisfaction factors of consumers with sports facilities by investigating major purchasing patterns of sports consumers by lifestyle and satisfaction factor and analyzing the correlation among variances of sports consumers. For this purpose, 1,000 adults were randomly selected from Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju, Daegu and Ulsan. They were requested to fill in questionnaires by self-assessment recording method. Out of the questionnaires replied, 970 were marked as target for final analysis and others recorded insincerely were excluded from analysis. SPSS 10.0 was used to analyze the data through factor analysis, correlation and multi-regression analysis methods. The outcomes of the study may be summarized as follows: First, in terms of satisfaction with instruction service, a correlation between satisfaction of consumers using sports facilities and lifestyle factors was found to exist in such factors as fashion, sports, nihilism, self-conviction, personality, health control, life consideration and safety. In terms of satisfaction with facilities, a correlation existed in factors such as fashion, sports, achievement, nihilism, self-conviction, personality, health control, life consideration and safety. As far as satisfaction with program is concerned, a correlation appeared in factors like fashion, sports, achievement, self-conviction, personality, health control, life consideration, nervelessness and safety. Satisfaction with transportation was concerned with fashion factor, sports factor, achievement factor, self-conviction, health control, life consideration and safety factor. Second, lifestyle of sports consumers was shown to exercise influence on satisfaction with instruction service in such order as sports factor, achievement factor, nervelessness factor and life consideration. Third, it appeared that lifestyle of sports consumers exercised influence on satisfaction with sports facilities in such sequence as sports factor, health control, achievement factor, nervelessness factor and nihilism. Fourth, it was evident that lifestyle of sports consumers affected satisfaction with program in order of achievement factor, nervelessness factor and sports factor. Fifth, it was also known that lifestyle of sports consumers affected satisfaction with transportation by sports factor, safety factor, fashion factor and life consideration in order.

      • TUP 중간언어를 위한 반복적인 자료흐름 분석기 구현에 관한 연구

        김충석,박순동,이강우 新羅大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.36 No.1

        In this study, we designs and implements the iterative data flow analyzer. that operates TUP intermediate programming language. Which produces some informations those are used a number of applications including code optimizations and parallelizations. instruction schedulings. testings, debuggings, certifications. Also we surveys many problems about data flow analysis and applies iterative techniques to solve the problems. Therefore the structure and concept of developed analyzer are very clear and easy. The analyzer computes some static informations about each variable including live range. loop depth. number of def/use, and needness of load/store at entry or exit of basic blocks, etc. The informations are used many optimization phase. especially, register allocation phase, common subexpression elimination phase and loop optimazation. We implements the data flow analyzer as two modules. live range analysis module and variable analysis module. The live range analysis module finds use/def point of each variable to generate live range. And variable analysis module computes loop depth. number of use/def. needness of load/store about each variable. Therefore the optimizating comiler using above informations can translate source program to more improved code. so execution times of improved code are saved than unimproved code. But complie times are increased because the compiler calls the data flow module and optimization module. Unfortunately. we skip the aliasing analyzer which is very important to data flow analysis because that analysis the aliasing relation between variables. And the results can change the many computed information. So, in recent, we are developing the alias processes. And we wish to expand the analyzer which operates on programs with many files. Besides we want to introduce incremental techniques and apply the techniques to the analyzer.

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