Real-time PCR quantification of 9 periodontal pathogens in saliva samples from periodontally healthy Korean young adults

Choi, Heeyoung,Kim, Eunhye,Kang, Jihoon,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Lee, Ju-Youn,Choi, Jeomil,Joo, Ji-Young Korean Academy of Periodontology 2018 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.48 No.4

Purpose: Few studies have examined periodontal pathogens from saliva samples in periodontally healthy young adults. The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria and to quantify periodontal pathogens in saliva samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in periodontally healthy Korean young adults under 35 years of age. Methods: Nine major periodontal pathogens were analyzed by real-time PCR in saliva from 94 periodontally healthy young adults. Quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Eikenella corrodens was performed by DNA copy number measurement. Results: F. nucleatum and E. corrodens were detected in all subjects; the numbers of positive samples were 87 (92.6%), 91 (96.8%), and 90 (95.7%) for P. gingivalis, P. anaerobius, and C. rectus, respectively. Other pathogens were also detected in periodontally healthy subjects. Analysis of DNA copy numbers revealed that the most abundant periodontal pathogen was F. nucleatum, which was significantly more prevalent than all other bacteria (P<0.001), followed by P. anaerobius, P. gingivalis, E. corrodens, C. rectus, and T. denticola. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of each bacterium between men and women. The DNA copy number of total bacteria was significantly higher in men than in women. Conclusions: Major periodontal pathogens were prevalent in the saliva of periodontally healthy Korean young adults. Therefore, we suggest that the development of periodontal disease should not be overlooked in periodontally healthy young people, as it can arise due to periodontal pathogen imbalance and host susceptibility.

Effect of steaming, freezing, and re-steaming on the texture properties of non-glutinous rice cakes

Choi, Eunhye,Jo, Hye-Eun,Sohn, Kee Hyuk,Kang, Tae-Young,Kim, Bumsik,Lee, Kang Pyo,Han, Jung Sook,Lee, Suyong,Ko, Sanghoon Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

The effects of steaming time (6, 8, and 10 min), freezing storage period, and re-steaming for thawing on the textural properties of non-glutinous rice cakes (baekseolgi) were investigated. As the steaming time increased, the rice cakes softened. In particular, the sample that was steamed for 10 min showed lower hardness than those steamed for shorter periods. A short period of steaming was insufficient for water bound to the surface of the starch granules to penetrate the granules in the dough. During the re-steaming process of the frozen non-glutinous rice cake samples, the retrogradation of starch and water syneresis contributed to the increased hardness of non-glutinous rice cakes.

The Size of Simple Craters on Earth

Eunhye Choi,Yongjae Yu 대한지질학회 2018 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

Effects on postoperative nausea and vomiting of nefopam versus fentanyl following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial

Choi, Eunhye,Karm, Myong-Hwan,So, Eunsun,Choi, Yoon Ji,Park, Sookyung,Oh, Yul,Yun, Hye Joo,Kim, Hyun Jeong,Seo, Kwang-Suk The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2019 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.19 No.1

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) frequently occurs following bimaxillary orthognathic surgeries. Compared to opioids, Nefopam is associated with lower incidences of PONV, and does not induce gastrointestinal tract injury, coagulopathy, nephrotoxicity, or fracture healing dysfunction, which are common side effects of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We compared nefopam- and fentanyl-induced incidence of PONV in patients with access to patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) following bimaxillary orthognathic surgeries. Methods: Patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgeries were randomly divided into nefopam and fentanyl groups. Nefopam 120 mg or fentanyl $700{\mu}g$ was mixed with normal saline to a final volume of 120 mL. Patients were given access to nefopam or fentanyl via PCA. Postoperative pain intensity and PONV were measured at 30 minutes and 1 hour after surgery in the recovery room and at 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery in the ward. The frequency of bolus delivery was compared at each time point. Results: Eighty-nine patients were enrolled in this study, with 48 in the nefopam (N) group and 41 in the fentanyl (F) group. PONV occurred in 13 patients (27.7%) in the N group and 7 patients (17.1%) in the F group at 8 hours post-surgery (P = 0.568), and there were no significant differences between the two groups at any of the time points. VAS scores were $4.4{\pm}2.0$ and $3.7{\pm}1.9$ in the N and F groups, respectively, at 8 hours after surgery (P = 0.122), and cumulative bolus delivery was $10.7{\pm}13.7$ and $8.6{\pm}8.5$, respectively (P = 0.408). There were no significant differences in pain or bolus delivery at any of the remaining time points. Conclusion: Patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery and were given nefopam via PCA did not experience a lower rate of PONV compared to those that received fentanyl via PCA. Furthermore, nefopam and fentanyl did not provide significantly different postoperative pain control.

만경강 본류 중 TP 저감방안 연구

최정화 ( Choi Jounghwa ),권재옥 ( Kwon Jaeog ),이미선 ( Lee Miseon ),장욱 ( Jang Wook ),최근화 ( Choi Geunhwa ),고은혜 ( Ko Eunhye ),심서현 ( Sim Seo Hyeon ),조창우 ( Cho Changwoo ) 한국물환경학회 2022 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2022 No.-

수투과도 향상을 위한 PES 정밀여과급 평막의 구조 평가

최은혜(Eunhye Choi),류승한(Seunghan Ryu),김성진(Sungjin Kim) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

대중문화 활용 예술치료가 학교 부적응 청소년의 자기표현과 사회성 향상에 미치는 영향

최은혜(Eunhye choi),이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국융합예술치료교육학회 2018 예술과 인간 Vol.4 No.-

오늘날 청소년들이 살아가고 있는 21세기는 여러 방면에서 빠른 변화를 맞이하여 긍정적인 측면과 동시에 역기능적인 부분이 많아지고 있다. 이러한 현시대를 살아가는 청소년 중에서는 자신이 속한 집단에서 잘 적응하지 못하거나 정서, 심리적 문제를 호소하는 청소년이 증가하고 있으며 이에 청소년들을 위한 예술치료의 필요성은 더욱 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 예술치료(음악, 미술, 문학, 동작, 영상), 게슈탈트 이론(지금-여기 이론), 대중문화(영화, 가요, 미술, 잡지, 만화)를 활용한 초기 1회기, 중기 6회기, 후기 1회기로 구성된 총 8회기의 대중문화 활용 예술치료 프로그램을 C지역 내에 있는 고신 측 교단에 소속된 교회에 다니는 중, 고등학생 청소년 12명을 대상으로 진행하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 대중문화 활용 예술치료프로그램이 학교 부적응 청소년의 자기표현과 사회성 향상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 학교 부적응 청소년의 자기표현과 사회성을 향상시켜 바람직한 학교생활의 적응과 원만한 대인관계 형성을 돕는데 있다. 본 연구의 자료처리는 SPSS 24.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였으며 그 결과 대중문화 활용 예술치료프로그램은 학교 부적응 청소년의 자기표현과 사회성 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The 21st century, where young people are living today, is rapidly changing in many ways, creating both positive and adverse aspects. Among teenagers living in this age, an increasing number are those who can not adapt to their own groups or complain about emotional and psychological problems. Therefore, the need for art therapy for teenagers is becoming even greater. In this study, 12 students attended a church of Goshin"s within the C region of eight sessions of arts therapy programs using art therapy, gestalt theory, and pop culture. Through this program, we will find out how the program affects the improvement of the social skills and self-expression of children who are at school, and to improve the self-expression and social skills of teenagers. The data processing in this study was analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program, and the results showed that the use of arts therapy programs is effective in improving the self-pression and sociability of young people.

비교가능성이 기업단위의 주가폭락에 미치는 영향

조은혜 ( Eunhye Jo ),문해원 ( Haewon Moon ),최영수 ( Young Soo Choi ) 한국회계학회 2015 회계학연구 Vol.40 No.4

회계정보의 비교가능성이 클수록 기업 고유 정보의 양과 질이 증대되어 악재가 기업내부에 누적될 가능성이 감소한다. 따라서 비교가능성의 증가는 악재의 누적으로 인한 갑작스러운 주가폭락의 가능성을 낮출 수 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 회계정보의 비교가능성이 기업단위의 주가폭락을 감소시키는지에 대해 분석하였다. 또한 외국인투자자가 비교가 능성을 향상시키는 역할을 한다는 선행연구(Fang et al. 2015)에 따라 비교가능성이 주가폭락을 감소시키는 효과가 외국인지분율에 따라 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. De Franco et al.(2011)과 Francis et al.(2014)의 비교가능성 측정치와 Hutton et al.(2009)의 주가폭락 측정치를 이용하여 2005년부터 2012년까지 유가증권에 상장된 2,317개의 관측치를 대상으로 분석한 결과 비교가능성이 클수록 미래 주가폭락 가능성이 낮았다. 그리고 이러한 관계는 외국인지분율이 높은 기업에서 더 강하게 나타났다. 이를 통해 비교가능성이 기업수준의 주가폭락을 감소시킴으로써 자본시장의 건전성 및 효율성을 증진시키는 기능을 수행함을 알 수 있다. 더불어 외국인지분율이 비교가능성의 효과를 강화시키는 역할을 수행함을 확인하였다. Accounting information plays an important role for the functioning of an efficient capital market(Bushman and Smith 2001; Healy and Palepu 2001; Lambert et al. 2007). The market participants make their economic decisions about a firm using various information sources including financial statements and analysts`` reports. However, despite of making decisions based on the relevant firm information, investors often suffer a terrific loss due to a sudden stock price crash of the firm. This study examines what are the determinants of the radical price crash and whether financial statement comparability impacts on stock price crash risk. The firm-specific stock price crash is a phenomenon that stock price of a firm sharply declines at the point when the accumulated negative firm-specific information crossed a tipping point suddenly comes out to the market in one fell swoop(Hutton et al. 2009). Several recent studies support that firm-specific stock price crash is caused by the internal factors such as CEO overconfidence, opacity of accounting information and aggressive accounting treatment as well as the external factors such as analysts`` optimistic forecasts and opportunistic behaviour of institutional investors (Hutton et al. 2009; Kim and Zhang 2014; Kim, Li and Li 2014; Kim, Wang and Zhang 2014; Callen and Fang 2013; Xu et al. 2013). Hiding firm``s bad news from investors`` view is possible due to information asymmetry between managers and outside investors. According to the agency theory, managers have superior information to outside investors regarding the firm``s current situations and future prospects (Jensen and Meckling 1976), so that managers can disclose their private information strategically. Graham et al.(2005) and Kothari et al.(2009) find that managers have an incentive to delay the disclosure of bad news, with concern that such disclosures can damage their compensation and position. Managers also seem to delay the disclosure of negative firm-specific news with optimistic belief that firm``s financial condition would become better in the near future. Thus, if information asymmetry between managers and outside investors decreases, managers`` strategic behavior to delay their bad news would also decrease. Comparability of accounting information is a qualitative characteristic that enables users of financial statements to identify similarities in and differences between two sets of economic phenomena. Financial statement comparability across firms and time is underscored because it facilitates the efficient allocation of capital by increasing the overall quantity and quality of information available to investors and also by lowering the cost of acquiring information(De Franco et al. 2011; Kang et al. 2013; Choi et al. 2014). The improved quantity and quality of accounting information to outside users then can lead to an decrease in information asymmetry (Diamond and Verrecchia 1991; Kim and Verrecchia 1994; Gow et al. 2011). As a result, comparability of accounting information may restrict manager``s attempt to delay the disclosure of bad news so that firm-level crash risk may also decrease. Prior studies show that foreign investors, particularly foreign institutional investors, play an important role in the improvement of comparability in firms`` financial statements by actively involving in the firms`` financial reporting process(Fang et al. 2015). Foreign investors can affect firms`` operating activity, reporting behaviour and value, by selling shares and/or by using their voting rights to intervene in management. They also can play a direct role in altering firms`` financial reporting practices, due to their independent positions and lack of conflicts of interest. As a result, the comparability of financial statements can be promoted by a market force of foreign institutional investors. We therefore conjecture that the expected negative relationship between comparability and stock price crash risk would be more pronounced by larger foreign institutional ownership. This study uses 2,317 firm-year observations listed on Korea Stock Exchange from 2005 to 2012. The comparability measures are based on De Franco et al.(2011) and Francis et al.(2014), while the stock price crash measure is based on Hutton et al.(2009). Our findings are as follow: First, consistent with our expectations, we establish that comparability is significantly and negatively associated with stock price crash risk. Second, we show that the negative relationship between comparability and crash risk is pronounced for firms with higher foreign ownership. These results are consistent with our expectations that higher comparability mitigates information asymmetry, managers`` incentives to delay the disclosure of bad news, and eventually the likelihood of stock crash. Moreover, foreign ownership seems to play a role as a catalyst in the relationship between comparability and stock price crash risk. The study has several contributions to the body of research on comparability, stock price crash and foreign ownership. First, we adds to the growing body of comparability literature, by showing the importance of comparability in stock markets. Second, to our best knowledge, this is one of few studies that focuses on the determinants of firm-level stock crash risk rather than macro economy-level stock crash risk. Third, we extends foreign ownership research, by examining its catalytic role in the relationship between financial statements and stock markets.

드림스타트에 관한 분야별 연구동향 분석: 2008~2020년

최은혜(Eunhye Choi),황혜정(Hyejung Hwang) 한국보육지원학회 2021 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objective: The purposes of this research are to analyze former research papers regarding Dream Start according to academic field in an attempt to better understand their services and to present additional directions. Methods: The 66 research papers regarding Dream Start from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed by three categories: welfare, child care(education) and health. In each category, this research analyzed the research papers by year, research type, research subject and the research topic. Results: First, the research papers regarding Dream Start were most actively published between 2010 and 2017 and the number of research papers decreased after 2018. Second, the results regarding the type of study showed that quantitative studies were mostly performed in all, but the detailed methods used mainly differed. Third, the subjects of the study commonly included guardians. Fourth, the research topics were focused on business content, operations, and direction. Conclusion/Implications: Based on these results, welfare, child care(education) and health sectors need to make more efforts for balanced development, and integrated research and longitudinal studies are necessary. Second, further research is needed to enhance the professionalism of teachers and nurses working in the Dream Start. Third, more research is needed for the integration and coordination of resource management.

한국 장애인 미충족 의료 현황

최경화 ( Choi Kyung-hwa ),김미현 ( Kim Mihyeon ),최용준 ( Choi Yong-jun ),조용민 ( Cho Yong Min ),김미소 ( Kim Mi So ),정은혜 ( Jeong Eunhye ),김정애 ( Kim Jung Ae ) 한국보건사회연구원 2021 保健社會硏究 Vol.41 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 장애인의 미충족 의료율을 파악하여 비장애인과 비교하고, 장애인이 필요로 할 때 의료서비스를 이용하지 못하는 이유가 비장애인과 어떻게 다른지 검토하는 것이다. 전국단위로 실시하고 있는 국민건강영양조사(1998, 2005, 2007~2018), 지역사회건강조사(2008~2019), 장애인실태조사(2000, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017), 노인실태조사(2008, 2011, 2014, 2017), 한국의료패널(2008~2017) 자료를 활용하여 장애 또는 활동제한 여부, 장애인의 장애 유형 및 등급에 따라 연도별 미충족 의료율을 산출하였으며, 장애인과 비장애인의 미충족 의료 이유를 연도별로 산출하였다. 미충족 의료율은 감소하고 있으나, 장애인은 비장애인보다, 중증장애인은 경증장애인보다, 외부신체기능 장애인이 다른 장애인보다, 치과 이용에 대한 미충족 의료율은 병의원보다 높았다. 장애인과 비장애인의 미충족 의료율의 격차는 감소하지 않았으며, 치과 이용에서 병의원보다 그 격차가 더 컸다. 미충족 의료의 가장 큰 이유는 장애인은 경제적인 부담, 비장애인은 시간적 제약이었다. 향후 장애인과 비장애인의 미충족 의료율의 격차가 감소하지 않는 이유와 격차 해소를 위한 심층적 연구가 필요하다. This study aims to evaluate the proportion and factors of unmet health care needs (UHCNs) in the disabled and to compare UHCNs between disabled and non-disabled individuals. We conducted the annual proportion and cause of UHCNs by disabled or limited activity, type and grade of disabled using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998, 2005, 2007~2018), Community Health Survey (2008~2019), Disabled Health and Welfare Survey (2000, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017), Korean Elderly Health and Welfare Survey (2008, 2011, 2014, 2017), Korea Health Panel Study (2008~2017). The proportion of UHCNs has been on the decrease overall, but it was higher in the disabled than in the non-disabled, higher in the severely disabled than in the moderately disabled, higher in those with external impairments than in people with other disability, and higher in dental care than in other health services. The difference in proportion of UHCNs did not decrease in between disabled and non-disabled individuals and was larger in dental care than in other health services. The main cause of UHCNs was “financial” for disabled persons and “not enough time” for non-disabled persons. Based on the results of this study, we suggest that further study is needed to find out the cause of the constant gap in the rate of unmet care needs between the disabled and non-disabled and to find ways to bridge the gap.