Pro tools를 활용한 비주얼 사운드 디자인

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국음악교육공학회 2006 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.5

From past to present time, the Art field of music, art, literature etc. had repeated change and development because keep creativity and universality and is classified by each peculiar genre. On the other hand, synthetic reading is gone more gradually in culture art field to arrive at present age, and serve value of the genre greatest anger summer period and union and integration as composite art are consisting abuzz like example of movie or animation etc. In visual, Movie and animation are synthesis art of vision and auditory and it is called to Science or art of technology Film production are required many helps of photographing work, sound recording and editing of visual and audio in technology and scientific field. Recently, movie and audio are included in digital part and it can be used Adobe, Premiere, Avid, Nuendo, Pro tools easily. That weight of music and sound in movie (picture) that is not saying too much even though hardened firm position already is point of culture contents business that musical that is spreading more, and is widening share can of course and say as next generation country main force business Music and sound are necessary element in animation. At visual point that basic comprehension about visual sound field and necessity of special education that is developed gradually and is atomized keeping in step in modern trend at university six processes hereupon are risen Becoming data to generalize scientific value and interests for sound design, desire that research for sound design is deepened more forward.

음악과 문화적 역량

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국문화교육학회 2008 문화예술교육연구 Vol.3 No.2

현시대의 음악은 문화라는 큰 개념의 범주 속에서 새로운 문화를 탄생시키며, 현 시대적 필연성을 유지발전하는 광의의 개념인 예술로써 성장하고 있다. 음악과 문화, 음악에서의 현시대적 문화가 이토록 중요한 요인으로 뿌리를 내림으로써 현재로부터 미래에 이르는 음악은 그 고유성과 독립성을 유지하면서 사회적 환경 속에서의 문화와 그 행보를 같이 한다고 본다. 음악과 문화에 대한 연구는 음악에서의 문화적 역량을 도출하여 분석함으로써 음악에서의 문화적 기능과 역할을 통해 이들 간의 상호작용과 가능성을 살펴볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 음악예술이 현대 사회에서 음악 자체의 고유성과 독립성을 유지하면서 사회와 문화 속에 그 기능과 역할을 충실히 하며, 그 궁극적 목적에 도달하기 위해 중추적 역할을 하는 음악에서의 문화적 역량을 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구를 위해 5개의 문항을 만들어 음악과 문화적 역량과 관련된 현장전문가, 교육가들을 2그룹으로 나누어 FGI를 실시하였고, 그 결과를 3장에서 제시하였다. Music has been constantly changed and developed in accordance with the paradigm of modern society, the demand of times, social phenomenon and interaction between the subject and object of music performance, etc. Especially, the rapid development of technology resulted in globalization and guaranteed musical convenience so that hybrid and experimental music has emerged and shared. As a result of these phenomenon, music is thriving in more various aspects in contemporary culture. As seen from the above, contemporary music creates a new music culture in terms of culture, a wide category and has been developed as an art, a broad concept maintaining and expanding contemporary inevitabilities. Music from the present and the future not only keeps its uniqueness and independence, but also walks together with the culture in social environment. A study on music and culture can show the possibility of the interaction between the two through the cultural functions and roles of music by analysing the cultural competence of music. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate what is the cultural competence of music and how it is composed of. To obtain the object of this study, FGI(Focus Group Interview) including 5 major contents was conducted by dividing related specialists and educators into two groups and the findings were suggested in Chapter 4. The importance of cultural competence required in music and its concept were summarized by observing major cultural competence such as musical sensitivity, imitation, recapitulation, creativity and expressive power. It was concluded that they can obtain finality maintaining their independence. I suggest that this study may find the value of music in modern society and the position of music in terms of coexistence with culture. In this context, I expect that the integrated study on music and culture will continue actively so that music can be an art to show its competence, affecting human life in both modern and future society.

이미지 잡음에 강인한 CNN 기반 건물 인식 방법

이효찬,박인학,임태호,문대철,Lee, Hyo-Chan,Park, In-hag,Im, Tae-ho,Moon, Dai-Tchul 한국정보통신학회 2020 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

인간의 눈과 같이 이미지에서 유용한 정보를 추출하는 기능은 인공지능 컴퓨터 구현에 필수적인 인터페이스 기술이다. 이미지에서 건물을 인식하여 추론하는 기술은 다양한 형태의 건물 외관, 계절에 따른 주변 잡음 이미지의 변화, 각도 및 거리에 따른 왜곡 등으로 다른 이미지 인식 기술 보다 인식률이 떨어진다. 지금까지 제시된 컴퓨터 비전(Computer Vision) 기반의 건물 인식 알고리즘들은 건물 특성을 수작업으로 정의하기 때문에 분별력과 확장성에 한계가 있다. 본 논문은 최근 이미지 인식에 유용한 딥러닝의 CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) 모델을 활용하는데 건물 외관에 나타나는 변화, 즉 계절, 조도, 각도 및 원근에 의해 떨어지는 인식률을 향상시키는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 건물 전체 이미지와 함께 건물의 특징을 나타내는 부분 이미지들, 즉 창문이나 벽재 이미지의 데이터 세트를 함께 학습시키고 건물 인식에 활용함으로써 일반 CNN 모델 보다 건물 인식률을 약 14% 향상됨을 실험으로 증명하였다. The ability to extract useful information from an image, such as the human eye, is an interface technology essential for AI computer implementation. The building recognition technology has a lower recognition rate than other image recognition technologies due to the various building shapes, the ambient noise images according to the season, and the distortion by angle and distance. The computer vision based building recognition algorithms presented so far has limitations in discernment and expandability due to manual definition of building characteristics. This paper introduces the deep learning CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) model, and proposes new method to improve the recognition rate even by changes of building images caused by season, illumination, angle and perspective. This paper introduces the partial images that characterize the building, such as windows or wall images, and executes the training with whole building images. Experimental results show that the building recognition rate is improved by about 14% compared to the general CNN model.

기초리듬학습을 위한 웹 기반 멀티미디어 코스웨어설계 및 구현 - 초등학교 1학년을 중심으로 -

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국음악교육공학회 2003 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.3

Recent curricular developments in Korean Music Education encourage various approaches, such as, employing audio, video, and multimedia for teaching music in order to obtain the students interest in learning. Therefore, the use of web based multimedia courseware is an essential tool utilized by the music instructor to impart musical knowledge. The instructional delivery is more effective when employing tools that make full use of sound, picture, literature and aerobics. Also, by this methodology students receive direct feedback through their active participation, individually learning the practice of music through a web based multimedia experience. Currently, some research and development on multimedia methods are in progress that address teaching applications in music pedagogy. However, almost all of the research is focused on music applications. Rhythm is an essential and fundamental concept in music. Therefore, the researcher provided several methods espoused by music educators on how best to teach rhythm for students. Additionally, the researcher introduced several different common kinds of techniques for teaching rhythm in relation to web based multimedia courseware. In order to teach rhythm, it is very useful to apply web-based multimedia techniques. However, there is not enough of an ample supply of research and material for developing better techniques in teaching rhythm. Therefore, this research provides a considerable contribution for the effective design and implementation of web based multimedia course-ware for developing fundamental basic rhythm skills, thus enabling students to learn rhythmic skills more easily and in an interesting environment so that they can understand these concepts assuredly. Web based multimedia applications suggest many good and valuable creative approaches to music pedagogy, such as the proliferation of new information, self-instruction, and the attention to processes that broaden student interest in the material to be learned. Therefore, for teaching basic musical concepts, the researcher suggests implementation of multimedia through the use and/or development of web based courseware. The researcher created multimedia based courseware consisting of six different categories in the main section, such as learning basic rhythm, choosing rhythmic patterns, learning rhythm by chant, learning rhythm by use of musical instruments, by guessing at rhythmic dictation, and the practice of rhythm by the use of pizzicatos. Through the multimedia material, the first grade students are given an opportunity to learn rhythm more effectively. More research is needed that explores Korean teaching methods and for learning more details about effective teacher/student interaction employing multimedia techniques. This responsibility devolves now upon all music educators.

영상매체를 활용한 창의적 음악교육

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국문화교육학회 2011 문화예술교육연구 Vol.6 No.2

오늘날 테크놀로지의 급속한 발달은 교육에도 많은 영향을 주었다. 테크놀로지 기반 영상매체의 활용은 다양한 교수-학습 기회의 확대라는 측면에서 음악교육에서의 적용이 높아지고 있다. 즉 시공간을 초월한 추상적 학습내용의 구체화, 다양한 분야의 지식적용 및 접근, 동기유발 및 효과적인 교수-학습의 가능성 제공이라는 점에서 영상매체의 수업자료 및 보조자료로서의 활용이 증가되고 있다. 다양한 활동을 통한 음악성과 창의성 계발은 음악교육에서 매우 중요하며, 이를 위한 다양한 방법의 음악지도는 필연적이다. 본 연구에서는 음악지도를 위해 스토리텔링 기법을 기반으로 하여 새롭고 창의적인 지도방안을 모색하였다. 학생들의 음악적 관심과 흥미를 유발할 수 있도록 영상매체의 핵심영역인 영화를 활용하여 기존영화의 스토리를 새롭고 창의적으로 구성하고, 음악수업에 적용할 수 있는 모델을 개발하였다. 본 연구를 통해 학생들이 학문의 통합과 상호작용이라는 측면을 이해하고 예술적, 창의적 방법으로 사고하고 학습하는 기회를 확대하고자 하였다. Today, the rapid development of technology has influenced education in many aspects. The possibility of applying technology-based visual media in music education has been increasing because it helps creating a variety of new instruction/learning opportunities. In other words, the utilization of visual media instruction material and supplement has been increasing because of these aspects: embodying abstract learning content that goes beyond time and space, applying and approaching knowledge of various fields, creating motivation and providing effective instruction/learning possibilities. Developing musicality and creativity through a variety of activities is crucial in music education, and using a variety of music instruction methods is inevitable. This study developed a new and creative education plan for music instruction based on storytelling techniques. In order to draw students’ musical interest, this study constructed an educational model applicable to music instruction by utilizing movies (which is the core form of visual media) and creatively reconstructing original stories of these movies. This study aimed to increase opportunities for students to understand the integration and interaction of various study fields and also to think and learn in artistic and creative ways.

음악교육에서의 테크놀로지 활용의 효용성에 관한 연구

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국음악교육공학회 2002 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.1

This study explored the degree to which music educators are in agreement concerning the benefits of employing technology in the Korean music educational system. The study also analyzed a cross-section of student responses following their exposure to music classes, employing technology, given at all levels of education between kindergarten and college. This data was sorted by the type of educational institution. The purpose of this study was to utilize quantitative and qualitative methods to explore three research questions: 1) determination of educator opinion regarding the benefits of incorporating technology into Korean music education. 2) the opinion of incorporating technology into Korean music education, and 3) student responses as regards the music class incorporating technology. One half of the 1000 members of the Korean Music Educators Society (KMES) were asked to participate by survey and interview in this study, which gathered informational data based on the three research questions. A majority of the KMES members are music educators, (a small percentage of its membership consist of graduate students of music), representing a wide range of levels, from kindergarten through college. This complete range of education levels is helpful in assessing the extent to which technology is used at various stages by educators. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. Many educators agreed there were advantages in the incorporation of technology into the music educational life of the student at all levels, from kindergarten through college. 2. Many educators agreed the incorporation technology into Korean music education at all levels, from kindergarten through college. 3. Students, who enrolled in music classes incorporating technology, responded positively. In three survey questions, there was a significant relationship between strength of opinions and institution type. It is hoped that this study may help provide basic research data to the researcher who feels a need to study the incorporation of technology into music curricula.

ADHD 아동 대상 음악치료 관련 국내 연구동향 분석

이에스더 ( Rhee Esther ) 한국예술교육학회 2015 예술교육연구 Vol.13 No.1

ADHD 아동의 행동장애를 치료하기 위해서는 먼저 이 아동의 관심과 흥미를 유발하고 자발적 참여를 유도하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 음악치료는 말과 글로 자신을 표현하는 방법보다는 음악 활동을 통하여 아동의 부적응 행동을 치료하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 우리나라의 음악치료의 연구동향을 살펴보고, ADHD 아동 관련 음악치료에 대한 연구의 시사점을 제시하기 위하여, 2005년부터 2014년까지의 지난10년 동안 ADHD 아동 관련 음악치료에 대한 등재, 등재후보 학술지 및 석·박사 학위논문 총 62편 연구들의 연도별 학술지·학위논문, 연구방법(설계), 연구내용(적용분야), 문제행동특성(연구효과)별 현황을 파악하였다. 본 연구 목적을 이루기 위해서 내용의 범위는 음악치료, 음악교육, 음악치료교육 및 기타로 분류하여 ADHD 아동 관련 음악치료 연구가 이루어졌는지에 대한 현황을 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 연구논문 총 62편중에서 박사학위 1편(1.6%)을 제외한 나머지 연구는 석사학위 논문(42편, 67.8%) 및 학술지(19편, 30.6%) 연구로써 양적연구가 27편(43.5%)으로 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 연구내용(적용분야) 에서는 음악교육, 음악치료, 음악치료교육 중 음악치료(29편, 46.7%)분야 연구가 가장 높았으며, 문제행동특성(연구효과)은 주의력 결핍에 대한 연구가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 ADHD 아동의 문제행동의 극복 및 원활한 학교생활 유지를 위해 보다 효과적인 음악치료 개입 방안과 이에 대한 구체적이고 실질적인 교육 활동에 대한 후속연구의 기초자료로 활용될 것이다. In these days, children with ADHD have received a wide attention not only from schools but also from societies. The high prevalence rate of ADHD and the adverse effect on growth of children became the major factors of the wide attention. Although medicine treatment is widely known as the most effective therapy method in order to decrease the subjects`` behaviors about main symptoms in a short time, the treatment has included concerns about the long-term effects and side effects. Consequently, the therapy using music has drawn much interest as an alternative treatment method. It is very important to attract the children``s interests and attentions and induce their voluntary participation in order to treat behavioral problems of children with ADHD. Music therapy is treating children``s maladjusted behaviors through the musical activities than the method of expressing themselves by oral and written communication. Thus, this study focused on searching the research trends for music therapy and analysing current state of year-on-year academic journals, master doctorate thesis, method of study(design), contents of research(applying field), features of problematic behavior(study effect) targetting a total of 62 studies including registered or registering academic journals and master doctorate dissertation on music therapy related to children with ADHD reported in between 2005 and 2014, with the object of suggesting implications of study for music therapy related to children with ADHD. The result of analysis shows that quantitative research accounts for the greatest part with 28 theses (45.2%), which included one doctoral thesis(1.6%), the rest of master theses(42 theses, 67.7%) and academic journals(19 theses, 30.6%) among a total of 62 studies. When it comes to contents of research(applying field), the study on ``music therapy``(31 theses, 4.8%) is dominant among ``music education``, ``music therapy`` and ``music therapy education``. As for features of problematic behavior(study effect), it presents that the study on attention deficit takes the foremost place. In this study, the implications of direction of research and development plan are suggested on the basis of the analysis on researches.

공교육에서의 학령기 아동을 위한 예술치료 활용의 의미와 필요성

이에스더 ( Esther Rhee ) 한국예술교육학회 2014 예술교육연구 Vol.12 No.2

최첨단 테크놀로지의 급속한 발전과 무한경쟁의 시대를 맞이하여 우리 사회는 모든 것이 빠르게 변화해가고 있으며 효율성과 성과 위주의 환경이 지배하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 학교교육 현장 또한 예외가 아니다. 우리나라 초등 공교육현장의 경우, 학생들은 학교에서 과중한 학업, 경쟁적 또래집단 등의 관계에서 파생되는 어려움뿐만 아니라 정서 및 사회적 관계 속에서 발생하는 왕따, 학교폭력 등의 스트레스 또한 학업 스트레스 못지않게 심각한 실정이다. 보다 더 염려스러운 것은 현재 이러한 스트레스를 경험하는 학생들의 연령대가 더욱더 낮아지고 있으며 그 정도 또한 갈수록 심각해져 가고 있다는 사실이다. 이렇듯 우리나라 학령기 아동이 직면한 학업 스트레스뿐만 아니라 학교생활에서의 부담과 현실적 어려움에 대해 더 이상 간과할 수 없는 실정이다. 아동기는 신체적, 정신적, 사회적 발달이 골고루 이루어지는 시기로서 인간 발달과정에 있어 매우 중요한 시기이므로 아동들에게 학업위주의 교육에서 벗어나 스스로 자신을 표현하고 긍정적인 성장을 도울 수 있는 다양한 교육적 시도가 요구된다. 이에 창의적 매체인 음악, 미술, 무용, 연극, 영화 등과 같은 다양한 예술 활동을 매개로한 예술치료를 통해 학령기 아동의 학업 스트레스를 감소시킬 뿐만 아니라 다른 아동들과의 상호작용에서 부정적인 정서 및 행동을 긍정적으로 변화시킬 수 있다. 즉 아동의 학습, 태도뿐만 아니라 심리·정서적인 문제에서부터 삶의 질에 이르기까지 긍정적인 성장을 도울 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 우리나라 초등학교 교육 현장에서 예술치료의 의미와 당위적 필요성에 대해 살펴보고자한다. In the era of infinite competition and rapid development of cutting edge technology, our society is swiftly transforming in every aspect and the efficiency and performance-driven environment are dominating, and the school education scene is no exception. Students at the schools are dealing with rigorous school work and competitive peer relationships. By looking closely at the elementary public education sites in Korea, we can tell that social, emotional and academic stress that occur among relationships as well as academic stress are severe. The most representative example is bullying, which is school violence in the classroom that students are totally isolated socially and emotionally. What is more concerning is that the age groups in which students are experiencing social and emotional stress are becoming lower and lower, and the degree in which they are suffering from stress is becoming more and more severe. Due to these circumstances, elementary school students could cause unforeseen problems at their homes or schools, which can lead to various mental and physical impairments or diseases, and in the worst cases, students might become exposed to drugs or even become suicidal. Thus, the fact that we are faced with the students`` academic stress as well as the burden of reality about the difficulties of school life cannot be overlooked. Early childhood is a crucial period in the process of human development where physical, mental and social development takes place in a balanced way. Therefore, a variety of educational attempts are required in order to help children``s positive growth and self-expression and to stay away from academic-oriented education. Accordingly, arts therapy utilizing a variety of arts activities such as creative media (music, art, dance, drama and film) can help children to live harmoniously and to improve the quality of life through having personal growth, self-expression, insight and transformation. In particular, arts therapy can help reduce the stress of school work of the school age children as well as changing negative emotions and behaviors with other children in a positive way and furthermore develop cooperative spirit, responsibility and a sense of accomplishment. Because arts therapy can help school age children ranging from solving psychological and emotional problems to helping them to study and to have a positive attitude and improve the quality of their lives, this research dealt with the meaning of the arts therapy in elementary education scenes and discussed the needs for it. Hopefully, this study will become the basis for further development of the research on the application methods of the understanding of arts therapy in elementary schools in the future.

방과 후 학교 예술교육을 위한 예술치료 프로그램 설계 -초등학교 저소득층 아동의 자아존중감 향상을 중심으로-

이에스더 ( Esther Rhee ),홍정은 ( Jung Eun Hong ) 한국예술교육학회 2012 예술교육연구 Vol.10 No.1

아동기는 정서적, 사회적 성장이 지속적으로 이루어지는 시기로써 의, 식, 주에 대한 기본적인 욕구충족과 건강, 그리고 부모의 안정된 보살핌과 교육이 필수적인 요소이다. 그러나 저소득층 아동들은 경제적 결핍으로 인하여 다양한 개인적, 사회적 그리고 환경적 취약성에 노출되어 있다. 이로 인해 가정이나 학교생활에서의 부적응에 따른 문제행동과 사회적, 정서적 어려움이 따르고 있다. 특히 자아존중감의 저하로 인하여 정신적, 심리적으로 상처를 받는 아동의 수가 급증하고 있다. 이러한 저소득층 아동들에게 예술교육을 위한 예술치료를 방과 후 학교에서 시도한다면, 심리적 안정을 찾고 자아존중감 향상에도 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 저소득층 아동의 자아존중감 향상을 위하여 놀이를 기반으로 한 음악치료, 미술치료, 놀이·동작치료 등 다양한 예술매체의 치료 활동을 추구하여 통합적인 예술교육 프로그램을 설계하였다. 본 프로그램은 총 6회기로서 대상자가 초등학생이라는 점을 고려하여 각회기 당 60분을 넘지 않도록 하였다. 1회기부터 6회기까지의 각 단계는 초기, 중기, 후기로 구분된다. 초기단계(1-2회기)는 친밀감 형성과 흥미유발로 아동과 교사와의 라포형성(rapport)1)을 하고 긴장감 해소에 중점을 두었다. 중기단계(3-4회기)는 욕구 및 감정조절과 정서적 안정에 목표를 두었다. 후기단계(5-6회기)는 긍정적 자아를 형성하고 자아존중감을 향상시킬 수 있도록 구성하였다. Childhood is a period of an ongoing emotional and social growth, which involves basic human need satisfaction and well-being, as well as stable care and education of the children`s parents. However, various personal, social and environmental weaknesses of the children of low-income families are exposed due to lack of financial stability. Because of this, they experience social-emotional difficulties and problem behaviors due to maladjustment in school or at home. In particular, the number of children who are mentally and psychologically wounded has been rapidly increasing because of their loss of self-esteem. Implementing arts treatment for arts education in after-school programs to these children of low-income families would be helpful in terms of regaining their emotional stability and self-esteem. This study designed integrated arts education program utilizing various treatments of arts media such as play-based art therapy, music therapy, play and movement therapy for enhancing self-esteem of elementary school stduents of low-income families. This program consists of six sessions that each session does not exceed sixty minutes considering the recipients are elementary school students. From the first to the sixth sessions are divided into early, middle and late phases. The early stage (from the first to the second sessions) placed emphasis on relieving tension and developing a rapport between the children and the therapists by forming a group intimacy and generating interests. The middle phase (from the third to the fourth sessions) focused on emotional control and stability. The late phase (from the fifth to the sixth sessions) focused on forming a positive self and improving self-esteem.

음악과 ICT 활용 이해중심 교수.학습모형 및 전략에 관한 연구

이에스더(Esther Rhee) 한국음악교육공학회 2006 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.5

The twenty first century, an age which brings knowledge and technology to humankind, nurtures an individual who possesses creativity and autonomy. Thus, it must be the aim of music educators to formulate the methodologies and pedagogical formulae by using the advanced modern tool such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and to apply it to the field of music education and to the programs within the seventh music curriculum, both in theory and in application. Therefore, it is necessary to study ICT in order to achieve a more efffective and music education of every field. ICT can make it possible for the student to learn music more effectively than otherwise. When ICT is applied to music education, not only as a functional tool in a single course framework, but also as that of the general music education, the value and effect of ICT can become greatly maximized. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a teaching method of music making and a learner-centered learning method by employing ICT. In doing so, this study is to help music understanding an effective teaching and learning environment, and to offer a strong basis on which a new music education can be built.