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Eun Sang Choe,Jong Yeon Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.5 No.4
<P> Activation of D1-like dopamine receptors by psychostimulants, such as amphetamine, upregulates the expression of immediate early gene and opioid peptide gene in the striatum. The genomic changes are regulated by phosphorylated transcription factors via complicated intracellular events. To evaluate temporal expression of the transcription factors by dopaminergic stimulation, the D1-like dopamine agonist, amphetamine or SKF82958, was systematically delivered. As intracellular markers in response to the agonist, phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB), Fos-related antigens (FRA) and FosB immunoreactivity (IR) was compared at 20 and 120 min time points in the selected areas of the striatum. Semi-quantitative immunocytochemistry showed that amphetamine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased pCREB-IR at 20 min, sustained up to 60 min and decreased at 120 min after the infusion. Like amphetamine, the full D1 agonist, SKF82958 (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.), also increased pCREB-IR at 20 min, but not at 120 min after the infusion in the dorsal striatum (caudoputaman, CPu) and shell of ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens, NAc). In contrast, FRA- and FosB-IR induced by SKF82958 was significantly increased at 120 min, but not at 20 min after the administration. These data indicate that SKF82958 mimics induction of CREB phosphorylation by amphetamine and differentially regulates temporal induction of pCREB, and FRA and FosB expression in the striatum.
Eun Jung Chang,Sung Hee Park,Kyung Jin Lee,Jee su Choe,Mee hye Kim 한국식품위생안전성학회 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.4
본 연구에서는 국내 유통 중인 농산물 9품목(n = 578)에 대한 납과 카드뮴 함량을 조사하고 이들의 섭취로 인한 위해성을 평가하고자 하였다. 납과 카드뮴의 함량은 마이크로웨이브 분해 후 ICP-MS로 분석하였다. 조사대상 농산물의 납 평균 함량은 각각 보리 0.014 mg/kg, 완두콩 0.010 mg/kg, 강낭콩 0.008 mg/kg, 녹두 0.006 mg/kg, 파인애플 0.008 mg/kg, 살구 0.016 mg/kg, 매실 0.015 mg/kg, 자두 0.021 mg/kg, 대추 0.019 mg/kg이었고, 카드뮴 평균함량은 보리 0.017 mg/kg, 완두콩 0.004 mg/kg, 강낭콩 0.007 mg/kg, 녹두 0.005 mg/kg, 파인애플 0.001 mg/kg, 살구 0.002 mg/kg, 매실 0.002 mg/kg, 자두 0.002 mg/kg, 대추 0.003 mg/kg이었다. 모든 시료의 납, 카드뮴 함량은 EU, CODEX 및 국내 기준보다 낮은 수준이었다. 조사 대상 농산물에 대한 납, 카드뮴의 인체노출량을 산출한 결과, 납은 잠정주간섭취허용량(PTWI, 25 μg/kg b.w./week)의 0.067%, 카드뮴은 월간잠정섭취허용량(PTMI, 25 μg/kg b.w./month)의 0.28%이었다. 이상의 결과는 조사 대상 농산물의 납, 카드뮴 오염도와 이들의 섭취에 의한 위해성이 모두 낮은 수준이라는 것을 보여준다. This study was carried out to determine the levels of lead and cadmium as found in nine agricultural products (n = 578) sold in Korea, and to estimate the risk to human health that is summarily associated with their intake. The concentrations of Pb and Cd were measured using an ICP-MS after microwave digestion in this study. The average contents of Pb and Cd were measured as 0.014 and 0.017 mg/kg for barley, 0.006 and 0.005 mg/kg for mung bean, 0.008 and 0.007 mg/kg for kidney bean, 0.010 and 0.004 mg/kg for green bean, 0.008 and 0.001 mg/kg for pineapple, 0.016 and 0.002 mg/kg for apricot, 0.015 and 0.002 mg/kg for Japanese apricot, 0.021 and 0.002 mg/kg for plum and 0.019 and 0.003 mg/kg for jujube, respectively. The levels of Pb and Cd in the study samples were less than the maximum residual levels established by the European Union (EU), CODEX, and the Korea Food Code. As we have seen, the daily dietary exposures of Pb and Cd from these agricultural products for the general population were noted as 0.067% of PTWI (25μg/kgb.w./week) and 0.28% of PTMI (25 μg/kg b.w./month), respectively. In line with the study conclusions, these results suggest that the current dietary intakes of Pb and Cd from these agricultural products in Korea have no appreciable risk effects on health for humans as noted in this experiment.
Corrosion Behavior of Hard Coated Ti-Zr-N Film on the Tool Steels
( Sang Won Eun ),( Han Cheol Choe ) 한국부식방식학회 2010 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.9 No.6
To investigate the corrosion behavior of tools steel surface in various coating film, the surface of hard coated Ti-Zr-N film on the tool steel by using magnetron-sputtering methods was researched using various experimental methods. STD 61 steels were manufactured by using vacuum furnace and solutionized for 1hr at 1050 ℃. Steel surface was coated with Ti-Zr-N film at 150 ℃ and 100W for 1h by using DC-sputtering equipment. Surface characteristics of Ti-Zr-N film coated specimens were investigated by OM, XRD, FE-SEM and nano-scratch tester. And corrosion behaviors of the coated specimen were investigated by polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EG&G Co, PARSTAT 2273. USA). It was found that Ti-Zr-N film coated sample had a thick coated layer and showed a good wear resistance and corrosion resistance of surface compared with ZrN and TiN coated sample. The corrosion resistance and mechanical property of Ti-Zr-N film coated STD 61 alloy increased as sputtering time increased.
Choe, Jeong-Dong,Yeo, Kyoung-Hwan,Ahn, Young-Joon,Lee, Jong-Jin,Lee, Se-Hoon,Choi, Byung-Yong,Sung, Suk-Kang,Cho, Eun-Suk,Lee, Choong-Ho,Kim, Dong-Won,Chung, Il-Sub,Park, Dong-Gun,Ryu, Byung-Il The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2006 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.6 No.2
We propose a damascene gate FinFET with Si nanocrystals implemented on bulk silicon wafer for low voltage flash memory device. The use of optimized SRON (Silicon-Rich Oxynitride) process allows a high degree of control of the Si excess in the oxide. The FinFET with Si nanocrystals shows high program/erase (P/E) speed, large $V_{TH}$ shifts over 2.5V at 12V/$10{\mu}s$ for program and -12V/1ms for erase, good retention time, and acceptable endurance characteristics. Si nanocrystal memory with damascene gate FinFET is a solution of gate stack and voltage scaling for future generations of flash memory device. Index Terms-FinFET, Si-nanocrystal, SRON(Si-Rich Oxynitride), flash memory device.
Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Bovine Endometrium with Endometritis
Choe, Chang-Yong,Park, Jeong-Won,Kim, Eun-Suk,Lee, Sung-Gyu,Park, Sun-Young,Lee, Jeong-Soon,Cho, Myung-Je,Kang, Kee-Ryeon,Han, Jae-Hee,Kang, Da-Won The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.4
Endometritis is one of the primary reasons for reproductive failure. In order to investigate endometritis-associated marker proteins, proteomic analysis was performed on bovine endometrium with endometritis. In bovine endometritis, desmin, $\alpha$-actin-2, heat-shock protein (HSP) 27, peroxiredoxin-6, luteinizing hormone receptor isoform 1, collectin-43 precursor, deoxyribonuclease-I (DNase-I), and MHC class I heavy chain (MHC-Ih) were up-regulated. In contrast, transferrin, interleukin-2 precursor, hemoglobin $\beta$ subunit, and potassium channel tetramerisation domaincontaining 11 (KCTD11) were down-regulated in comparison to normal endometrium. The proteomic results were validated by semiquantitative-PCR and immunoblot analysis. The mRNA levels of desmin, transferrin, $\alpha$-actin-2, HSP27, KCTD11, and MHC-Ih were up-regulated by over 1.5-fold, and showed a pattern similar to their proteomic profiles. Desmin and $\alpha$-actin-2 protein showed positive correlations between proteomic analysis and immunoblot analysis. These results suggest that desmin and $\alpha$-actin-2 may play important roles in endometritis-related function, and could be useful markers for the diagnosis of bovine endometritis.
A practical approach for small bowel bleeding
Sung Eun Kim,김현진,Myeongseok Koh,Min Cheol Kim,Joon Sung Kim,Ji Hyung Nam,Young Kwan Cho,A Reum Choe,The Research Group for Capsule Endoscopy and Enteroscopy of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal E 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.3
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is one of the most common conditions among patients visiting emergency departments in Korea. GI bleeding is divided into upper and lower GI bleeding, according to the bleeding site. GI bleeding is also divided into overt and occult GI bleeding based on bleeding characteristics. In addition, obscure GI bleeding refers to recurrent or persistent GI bleeding from a source that cannot be identified after esophagogastroduodenoscopy or colonoscopy. The small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary tract. It extends from the pylorus to the cecum. The small intestine is difficult to access owing to its long length. Moreover, it is not fixed to the abdominal cavity. When hemorrhage occurs in the small intestine, the source cannot be found in many cases because of the characteristics of the small intestine. In practice, small-intestinal bleeding accounts for most of the obscure GI bleeding. Therefore, in this review, we introduce and describe systemic approaches and examination methods, including video capsule endoscopy and balloon enteroscopy, that can be performed in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding in clinical practice.
Sang Yoon Kim,Ki-Nam Shim,Joo-Ho Lee,Ji Young Lim,Tae Oh Kim,A. Reum Choe,Chung Hyun Tae,Hye-Kyung Jung,Chang Mo Moon,Seong-Eun Kim,Sung-Ae Jung 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.6
Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the most effcient imaging modality for gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). However, abdominopelvic computed tomography (APCT) has other advantages in evaluating the characteristics, local extension,or invasion of SETs to adjacent organs. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of EUS and APCT based on surgicalhistopathology results. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from 53 patients who underwent both EUS and APCT before laparoscopic wedge resectionfor gastric SETs from January 2010 to December 2017 at a single institution. On the basis of histopathology results, we assessed thediagnostic ability of the 2 tests. Results: The overall accuracy of EUS and APCT was 64.2% and 50.9%, respectively. In particular, the accuracy of EUS vs. APCT for thediagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), leiomyomas, and ectopic pancreas was 83.9% vs. 74.2%, 37.5% vs. 0.0%, and 57.1%vs. 14.3%, respectively. Most of the incorrect diagnoses with EUS involved hypoechoic lesions originating in the fourth echolayer, withthe most common misdiagnosed lesions being GISTs mistaken for leiomyomas and vice versa. Conclusions: APCT showed a lower overall accuracy than EUS; however, APCT remains a useful modality for malignant/potentiallymalignant gastric SETs.