우리나라 시 · 군 · 구 지역보건의료계획의 비전(Vision) 문구 분석

안치영(Chi-Young Ahn),김현수(Hyun-Soo Kim),김원빈(Won-bin Kim),오창훈(Chang-hoon Oh),홍지영(Jee-Young Hong),김은영(Eun-Young Kim),이무식(Moo-Sik Lee) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2017 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.42 No.1

지역보건의료계획서에서 비전은 각 지역의 보건의료계획을 나타내는 핵심요소임에도 불구하고 작성방법에 대한 구체적인 지침이 부재하여 각 지역의 비전은 매우 다양하게 표현되어 있다. 이에 이 연구에서는 제6기 지역보건의료계획에서 제시한 비전 문구를 보건소 유형별, 권역별로 분석하였다. 전국 229개 지역의 제6기 지역보건의료계획서의 비전 문구와 이와 관련된 미션, 전략체계도, 중장기 추진과제 등을 대상으로 하였다. 지역을 권역별 4개, 읍·면·동 구성에 따른 보건소 유형을 4개로 분류하였고, 각 지역 비전의 글자 수, 문장 평가, 단어 빈도, 문구 평가를 빈도분석과 카이제곱검정, 일원배치분산분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 비전의 글자 수가 17자 이하인 보건소가 172개소(75.1%)였고, 보건소 유형별로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 문구에 대한 수사표현에서 비유법(37.1%)이, 한글 외에 표현 언어 사용에서는 특수문자(43.2%)가 많았으며, 보건소 유형별로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 비전에 사용된 단어들은 ‘건강’, ‘행복’, ‘함께’, ‘군민’ 또는 ‘시민’, ‘도시’, ‘100세’ 등이었다. 문구평가 점수에서는 특·광역시 및 수도권에서 가장 높았으며, 보건소 유형 및 권역별로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 보건소 유형별로 과정 및 평가 영역, 공유가능성 등에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 방향성은 충청권, 수도권 순으로 권역별로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.01), 미래지향성 및 공유가능성은 영남권이 가장 높아 권역별로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 비전은 지역보건의료계획에 가장 중요 요소 중 하나이다. 이 연구는 지역사회 특성별로 비전의 설정이 다름을 확인하였으며, 이러한 결과를 통하여 지역보건의료계획 등 보건소 비전 수립시 참고가 될 수 있는 기초적인 자료가 될 것으로 판단된다. Objectives: In this study, we analyzed vision statements of the 6th community health plan of local government in Korea. Methods: We examined vision statements letters, missions and strategy plans, and long-term missions of 6th community health plans of 229 local government in Korea. We also analyzed the numbers of vision letters, sentence examination, word frequency, each vision statement with frequency analysis, chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: Among 229 local government, 172(75.1%) of local government had the number of letters (Korean) less than 17 of vision statements, and there were a significant differences according to type of community health centers (p<0.05). Figuration (37.1%) were the most used in an expression of vision statement sentence, and special characters (43.2%) were the most used language except Korean. The most commonly used words of vision statement in order of frequency were ‘health’, ‘happiness’, ‘with’, ‘citizen’, ‘city’, ‘100 years old’ etc. Chungcheong provinces and Daejeon metropolitan city had a highest score in directionality on phrase evaluation, and there were a significant differences according to regional classes of local government (p<0.01). Gyeongsang provinces, Ulsan, Daegu, and Busan metropolitan cities had a highest score in future orientation and sharing possibilities on phrase evaluation, and there were a significant differences according to regional classes of local government (p<0.01). Conclusions: Vision is one of the most important component of community health plan. We need more detailed ‘vision statement guideline’ and the community health care centers of local government should effort to make more clear and complete their vision.

톨루엔 디이소시아네이트 폭로 근로자들의 생물학적 모니터링

안연순,노재훈,김치년,박윤정,정상혁 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Toluene diisocyanate(TDI) is widely used in the production of flexible polyurethane foams, as well as in the formulation of polyurethane paints and coatings. The commercial material is generally a mixture of 2,4- and 2, 6-TDI, the predominant mix being 80% 2,4 and 20% 2,6-TDI. The 2,4-isomer is considerably more reactive than the 2,6-TDI at ambient temperatures due to steric factors involving the positions of the isocyanate groups relative to the ring methyl group. Because of this difference in the reactivities of the isomers, it seemed probable that there might be an increase in the amount of 2,6-TDI offgased relative to the 2,4-isomer. Therefore a relative enrichment of the 2,6-TDI has been found in industrial atmospheres. Toluene diamines, which are metabolites of TDI, in urine have a linear relation with exposure to TDI, so that urianry TDA could be used as a biological index of the exposure to TDI. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of TDI isomer in industrial atmospheres and to propose proper biological monitoring methods by identifying the relationships between the environmental TDI exposure and concentration of TDA in urine. Concentrations of 2, 4-TDI and 2, 6-TDI in air were 4.38㎍/㎥ and 25.43㎍/㎥, respectively. The Threshold Limited Value of 40㎍/㎥ was exceeded for the 2, 6-TDI in about 46.8%(22 samples) of the samples, while the 2, 4-TDI was not at all exceeded. The ratio between 2, 4-TDI and 2, 6-TDI varied in air samples in the range of 2.4%:97.6%-51.0%:49.0%. There was an enrichment of 2, 6-TDI in air relative to the 2, 4-TDI. Concentrations of 2, 4-TDA and 2, 6-TDA in urine were 1.31㎍/g creatinine and 4.16㎍/g creatinine, respectively. The ratio between 2, 4-TDA and 2, 6-TDA varied in urine samples in the range of 1.4%:98.6%-99.9%:0.1%. There was an enrichment of 2, 6-TDA in urine relative to the 2, 4-TDA. No relation between the concerations of TDA isomer in urine and concerations of TDI isomer in air was found. Above results of this study, workers were more exposed to the 2, 6-TDI relative to the 2, 4-TDI in industrial atmospheres. Therefore, the establishment of TLV for 2, 6-TDI should be considered. Also, the further studies on biological monitorigs of workers exposed to TDI should be continued.

벤지딘계 염료제조 사업장 근로자의 벤지딘 폭로

노재훈,안연순,김규상,김치년,김현수 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

To evaluate the differences of benzidine exposure patterns of the workers in two benzidine-based dye manufacturing factories, the concentration of benzidine in air, blood and urine were measured. The air levels of benzidine dihydrochloride and benzidine-based dye were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. Blood samples were collected at 3 hours after exposure and urine samples were collected at the end of shift. Blood and urine samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector. The level of benzidine in reaction process (input, diazotization, and coupling) was 0.381±7950g/㎥. The blood benzidine was deteced in 25 workers among 38 in reaction process and their mean levels were 0.0153±.0376 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 11 workers among 38 workers in the reaction process. The level of benzidine-based dye in drying and packing process was 52.1748±14.4111g/㎥. The blood benzidine was deteced in 6 workers among 38 in drying and packing process and their mean levels was 0.0062±.0274 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 1 worker among 38 workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. The blood and urinary benzidine were detected in workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. Such results suggested that some part of benzidine-based dye was metaboized to benzidine. Therefore, some regulations for manufacturing and use of the benzidine-based dye are needed to prevent its hazards in industries.

Movement History Table를 이용한 IEEE 802.11 MAC Protocol PCF 기반의 새로운 Roaming Station 서비스 확장 방법

안치훈(Chi Hoon Ahn),구자범(Ja Bum Gu),주영혜(Young Hye Joo),박세현(Se Hyun Park),김준년(Joon Nyun Kim) 한국통신학회 2000 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.2000 No.5

선천성 수근관 증후군 1례 보고

이규훈,황치문,김민석,김희상,안경회 大韓再活醫學會 1998 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.22 No.3

Acute Renal Cortical Necrosis Caused by Tampon

Ahn, Chi-Yong,Yoon, Na-Ra,Kang, Dae-Woong,Park, Kyung-Hee,Kim, Hyong-Sun,Chung, Jong-Hoon,Kim, Hyun-Lee 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Acute renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is an uncommon cause of acute renal failure secondary to ischemic necrosis of the renal cortex. The lesions are usually caused by significantly diminished renal arterial perfusion secondary to vascular spasm, micro-vascular injury, or intra-vascular coagulation, In untreated patients, the mortality rate exceeds 60%. Early initiation of dialysis significantly diminishes this rate. But, most patients require dialysis and progress chronic renal failure. Our experience clearly indicates that tampon can produce acute renal cortical necrosis in a normal kidney and we must be aware of this potentially dangerous complication of the tampon.

Structural Control of Hierarchically‐Ordered TiO₂ Films by Water for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Ahn, Sung Hoon,Kim, Dong Jun,Roh, Dong Kyu,Chi, Won Seok,Kim, Jong Hak WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2014 ChemPhysChem Vol.15 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A facile way of controlling the structure of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> by changing the amount of water to improve the efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is reported. Hierarchically ordered TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films with high porosity and good interconnectivity are synthesized in a well‐defined morphological confinement arising from a one‐step self‐assembly of preformed TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (pre‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanocrystals and a graft copolymer, namely poly(vinyl chloride)‐g‐poly(oxyethylene methacrylate). The polymer–solvent interactions in solution, which are tuned by the amount of water, are shown to be a decisive factor in determining TiO<SUB>2</SUB> morphology and device performance. Systematic control of wall and pore size is achieved and enables the bifunctionality of excellent light scattering properties and easy electron transport through the film. These properties are characterized by reflectance spectroscopy, incident photon‐to‐electron conversion efficiency, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses. The TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photoanode that is prepared with a higher water ratio, [pre‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>]:[H<SUB>2</SUB>O]=1:0.3, shows a larger surface area, greater light scattering, and better electron transport, which result in a high efficiency (7.7 %) DSSC with a solid polymerized ionic liquid. This efficiency is much greater than that of commercially available TiO<SUB>2</SUB> paste (4.0 %).</P>

One‐Dimensional Hierarchical Nanostructures of TiO₂ Nanosheets on SnO₂ Nanotubes for High Efficiency Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Ahn, Sung Hoon,Kim, Dong Jun,Chi, Won Seok,Kim, Jong Hak WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.25 No.35

<P><B>Hierarchical nanostructures of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheets</B> on SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubes (SNT@TNS) are uniformly dispersed in an organized mesoporous (OM) TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film with large pores, high porosity, and good interconnectivity. The solid‐state dye sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) fabricated with 10 wt% SNT@TNS dispersed in a OM–TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film show an energy conversion efficiency of 7.7% at 100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, which is one of the highest values for N719‐based ssDSSCs and much larger than that of a randomly oriented TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles‐based cell (4.0%).</P>

Honeycomb‐Like Organized TiO₂ Photoanodes with Dual Pores for Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Ahn, Sung Hoon,Chi, Won Seok,Kim, Dong Jun,Heo, Sung Yeon,Kim, Jong Hak WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.23 No.31

<P>A solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (ssDSSC) with 7.4% efficiency at 100 mW/cm(2) is reported. This efficiency is one of the highest observed for N719 dye. High performance is achieved via a honeycomb-like, organized mesoporous TiO2 photoanode with dual pores, high porosity, good interconnectivity, and excellent light scattering properties. The TiO2 photoanodes are prepared without any TiCl4 treatment via a one-step, direct self-assembly of hydrophilically preformed TiO2 nanocrystals and poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (PVC-g-POEM) graft copolymer as a titania source and a structure-directing agent, respectively. Upon controlling the secondary forces between the polymer/TiO2 hybrid and the solvent by varying the amounts of HCl/H2O mixture or toluene, honeycomb-like structures are generated to improve light scattering properties. Such multifunctional nanostructures with dual pores provide good pore-filling of solid polymer electrolyte with large volume, enhanced light harvesting and reduced charge recombination, as confirmed by reflectance spectroscopy, incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis.</P>

Solar Cells: One‐Dimensional Hierarchical Nanostructures of TiO₂ Nanosheets on SnO₂ Nanotubes for High Efficiency Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (Adv. Mater. 35/2013)

Ahn, Sung Hoon,Kim, Dong Jun,Chi, Won Seok,Kim, Jong Hak WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.25 No.35

<P>Jong Hak Kim and co‐workers report on page 4893 a unique, effective design structure for a photoanode, consisting of an SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheet core‐shell (SNT@TNS), interdispersed in an organized mesoporous TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film. The high efficiency results from the effects of combining the well‐organized structure of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film and the excellent electron transport, as well as the good light scattering of SNT@TNS. </P>