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Kim, Eunju,Kim, Seong Bum,Baek, Youl Chang,Kim, Min Seok,Choe, Changyong,Yoo, Jae Gyu,Jung, Younghun,Cho, Ara,Kim, Suhee,Do, Yoon Jung The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4
Rumen cannulation is used for nutritional and microbiological research, clinical diagnosis, and rumen component transfaunation. However, the cannulation procedure can affect parameters such as complete blood count findings, serum chemistry, and rumen fluid pH. The objective of this study was to evaluate the health risks related to the rumen cannulation procedure over a 1-month period. We did not identify significant differences in red blood cell numbers or morphologies between pre- and postoperative timepoints. Moreover, no inflammation or infection was detected. Despite the absence of apparent clinical signs after surgery, serum chemistry results revealed changes in blood urea nitrogen levels and the activities of liver enzymes, including aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase, from postoperative days 1 to 14. Rumen fluid pH, as measured from samples collected via an orogastric tube, was slightly increased after a preoperative fasting period and on postoperative day 1 but decreased thereafter from postoperative day 4, indicating a minor influence of cannulation surgery on ruminal fluid pH. This is the first study to evaluate hematological parameters and rumen pH before and after rumen cannulation surgery in Hanwoo cattle. Further research is required to better elucidate the potential effects of rumen cannulation surgery on animal health.
Coherent Diffraction Imaging Using Focused Hard X-rays
Sunam Kim,Sangsoo Kim,Su Yong Lee,Chan Kim,Yoonhee Kim,Do Young Noh,Shashidhara Marathe,Changyong Song,Marcus Gallagher-Jones,Hyon Chol Kang 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.9
A quantitative height profile image of a silicon nano-trench structure was obtained via coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) utilizing focused X-rays at a photon energy of 5.5 keV. The ability to optimize the spatial coherence and the photon flux density of a focused X-ray beam was the key technique for achieving such technical progress at a given X-ray photon flux. This was achieved by investigating the tunability of the focused beam’s optical properties and performing a CDI experiment with the focused X-rays. The relationship between the focused X-rays’ optical properties (e.g., photon flux density and spatial coherence length) and the incident beam’s size, which can be tuned by adjusting the slits in front of the Fresnel zone plate (FZP) was elucidated. We also obtained a quantitative image of a nano-trench sample produced via the reconstruction process of CDI, which utilizes carefully tuned, focused X-rays.
Direct observation of bond formation in solution with femtosecond X-ray scattering
Kim, Kyung Hwan,Kim, Jong Goo,Nozawa, Shunsuke,Sato, Tokushi,Oang, Key Young,Kim, Tae Wu,Ki, Hosung,Jo, Junbeom,Park, Sungjun,Song, Changyong,Sato, Takahiro,Ogawa, Kanade,Togashi, Tadashi,Tono, Kensuk Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2015 Nature Vol.518 No.7539
The making and breaking of atomic bonds are essential processes in chemical reactions. Although the ultrafast dynamics of bond breaking have been studied intensively using time-resolved techniques, it is very difficult to study the structural dynamics of bond making, mainly because of its bimolecular nature. It is especially difficult to initiate and follow diffusion-limited bond formation in solution with ultrahigh time resolution. Here we use femtosecond time-resolved X-ray solution scattering to visualize the formation of a gold trimer complex, [Au(CN)<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>–</SUP>]<SUB>3</SUB> in real time without the limitation imposed by slow diffusion. This photoexcited gold trimer, which has weakly bound gold atoms in the ground state, undergoes a sequence of structural changes, and our experiments probe the dynamics of individual reaction steps, including covalent bond formation, the bent-to-linear transition, bond contraction and tetramer formation with a time resolution of ∼500 femtoseconds. We also determined the three-dimensional structures of reaction intermediates with sub-ångström spatial resolution. This work demonstrates that it is possible to track in detail and in real time the structural changes that occur during a chemical reaction in solution using X-ray free-electron lasers and advanced analysis of time-resolved solution scattering data.
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김태형,채수영,최창용,김동곤,김명열,나재운 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.2
The self-aggregation behavior and microscopic characteristics of the PEG-b-PCL copolymer self-aggregates, prepared by solvent evaporation method, were investigated by `H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The PEG-PCL block copolymer formed nano-sized self-aggregates in an aqueous environment by intraand/or intermolecular association between hydrophobic PCL chains. Then, drug loading and its release behavior of clonazepam loaded PEG-b-PCL nanoparticles were investigated. The result revealed that hydrophobic-hydrophilic balances played a crucial role for drug loading and its release behaviors.
( Changyong Choe ),( Young-hun Jung ),( Yoon Jung Do ),( Hee-sung Kang ),( Jae-gyu Yoo ),( Chan-lan Kim ),( Ui-hyung Kim ),( Ru-hui Song ),( Jinho Park ) 한국동물위생학회(구 한국가축위생학회) 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.3
Blood tests have been used to develop treatment plans, such as disease diagnosis, treatment effect, and prognosis determination in livestock. The present study examined changes in the blood count, including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, before and after grazing among the Korean native cattle grazing from spring to autumn. The study compared the blood count of livestock group (A, n=34) that returned from the rangeland to cowshed every evening and livestock group (B, n=21) that were not returned from the rangeland to cowshed every evening during the grazing period. Hematological parameters such as RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte were determined using a blood cell analyzer. Livestock group (A) showed significant differences in the values of RBC, MCV, MCHC, WBC, EOS, and LYM. Livestock group (B) showed significant differences in the values of RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, PLT, NEU, and BAS. In particular, the RBC count decreased after grazing when compared with that before grazing. Compared with that before grazing, low RBC count was maintained from the first to fifth month of grazing. The WBC count increased from the fourth month of grazing, whereas the EOS count increased from the second month of grazing. These results suggest that the values of RBC and WBC vary before and after grazing, and also with the grazing period. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a detailed feeding management based on these values of blood analysis for livestock that are raised continuously in the rangeland.