Synthesis of titanium dioxide in O₂/Ar/SO₂/TiCl₄ microwave torch plasma and its band gap narrowing

Hong, Y.C.,Lho, T.,Lee, B.J.,Uhm, H.S.,Kwon, O.P.,Lee, S.H. Elsevier 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

Titanium dioxide (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanoparticles were synthesized directly by injecting gas-phase titanium tetrachloride (TiCl<SUB>4</SUB>) bubbled with a mixture of Ar and SO<SUB>2</SUB> into a 2.45 GHz microwave torch plasma operated in O<SUB>2</SUB> gas at atmospheric pressure. The absorption edge of the as-produced TiO<SUB>2</SUB> powders in the UV-Visible spectrum shifted from 457 nm to 483 nm as the SO<SUB>2</SUB> gas content in the mixture gas carrying the TiCl<SUB>4</SUB> was increased. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-Visible spectroscopy, the band gap narrowing was due to the incorporation of sulphur (S) species from the Ar and SO<SUB>2</SUB> mixture in the oxygen microwave torch plasma into the O site of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>2.

Real-time Tumor Oxygenation Changes After Single High-dose Radiation Therapy in Orthotopic and Subcutaneous Lung Cancer in Mice: Clinical Implication for Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy Schedule Optimization

Song, C.,Hong, B.J.,Bok, S.,Lee, C.J.,Kim, Y.E.,Jeon, S.R.,Wu, H.G.,Lee, Y.S.,Cheon, G.J.,Paeng, J.C.,Carlson, D.J.,Kim, H.J.,Ahn, G.O. Pergamon Press 2016 International journal of radiation oncology, biolo Vol.95 No.3

<P>Purpose: To investigate the serial changes of tumor hypoxia in response to single high-dose irradiation by various clinical and preclinical methods to propose an optimal fractionation schedule for stereotactic ablative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials: Syngeneic Lewis lung carcinomas were grown either orthotopically or subcutaneously in C57BL/6 mice and irradiated with a single dose of 15 Gy to mimic stereotactic ablative radiation therapy used in the clinic. Serial [F-18]-misonidazole (F-MISO) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, pimonidazole fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses, hypoxia-responsive element-driven bioluminescence, and Hoechst 33342 perfusion were performed before irradiation (day -1), at 6 hours (day 0), and 2 (day 2) and 6 (day 6) days after irradiation for both subcutaneous and orthotopic lung tumors. For F-MISO, the tumor/brain ratio was analyzed. Results: Hypoxic signals were too low to quantitate for orthotopic tumors using F-MISO PET or hypoxia-responsive element-driven bioluminescence imaging. In subcutaneous tumors, the maximum tumor/brain ratio was 2.87 +/- 0.483 at day -1, 1.67 +/- 0.116 at day 0, 2.92 +/- 0.334 at day 2, and 2.13 +/- 0.385 at day 6, indicating that tumor hypoxia was decreased immediately after irradiation and had returned to the pretreatment levels at day 2, followed by a slight decrease by day 6 after radiation. Pimonidazole analysis also revealed similar patterns. Using Hoechst 33342 vascular perfusion dye, CD31, and cleaved caspase 3 coimmunostaining, we found a rapid and transient vascular collapse, which might have resulted in poor intratumor perfusion of F-MISO PET tracer or pimonidazole delivered at day 0, leading to decreased hypoxic signals at day 0 by PET or pimonidazole analyses. Conclusions: We found tumor hypoxia levels decreased immediately after delivery of a single dose of 15 Gy and had returned to the pretreatment levels 2 days after irradiation and had decreased slightly by day 6. Our results indicate that single high-dose irradiation can produce a rapid, but reversible, vascular collapse in tumors. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

Yoshida-Uemori 모델을 이용한 Al 판재의 스프링백 예측

서오석(O. S. Seo),이은국(E. G. Lee),홍석무(S. M. Hong),최선철(S. C. Choi),유수열(S. Y. Ryu),이명규(M. G. Lee),김헌영(Heon Young Kim) 한국소성가공학회 2012 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

Springback is caused by the recovery of elasticity of a flat-rolled metal, which occurs when the forming force is released from a flat-rolled metal. Springback takes place in a large degree when a high strength steel plate or AI alloy sheet is processed. It has been known that hardening model is the most efficient for the prediction of springback. Recently, various researches have been carried out. In particular, Yoshida-Uemori model has been proved to be the most suitable for forecasting the springback of a high strength steel plate. In this paper, Uniaxial tension tests and cyclic loading tests(T-C-T, C-T-C) were conducted on the 1050 Al alloy sheet, 3003, and 5052 series. And based on the test results, coefficients required for Yoshida-Uemori model have been figured out. In addition, the test results were put into commercial finite element program PAM-STAMP to predict the springback of Al Alloy sheet and the outcome has been proved to be quite accurate.

교환 결합 이층막(NdTbFeCo / TbFeCo) 광자기 디스크의 C/N에 Kerr Ellipticity가 미치는 영향

홍현창(H.C. Hong),안용진(Y.J. Ahn),황인오(I.O. Hwang),김재영(J.Y. Kim),김윤기(Y.G. Kim) 한국자기학회 1994 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.4 No.2

Thermal Stability and Adhesion Improvement of Cu(Ag)/Mo Bilayer Metallization in Large-Area TFT-LCDs

H. M. Lee,J. G. Lee,C. H. Kang,C. O. Jeong,D. H. Kim,H. Ruh,J. H. Lee,J. H. Lee,S. Kim,S. K. Lim,S. Y. Kim,T. K. Hong 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III

The addition of 1.4 at.% Ag to Cu thin films strongly influences the grain growth, stress relaxation, surface morphology, and adhesion to Mo glue layer. Annealing of the Cu(Ag)/Mo structures produced two distinct sets of microstructural changes occurring in temperature regimes between room temperature and 300 C, and 300 . 600 C. In the low temperature regime, Ag precipitates have a considerable effect in retarding the grain growth. At temperatures greater than 300 C, grain growth of Cu coincides with the coarsening of Ag particles and the outdiffusion of Ag to the Cu surface. The addition of Ag to Cu thin films also significantly enhanced thermal stability as a result of Ag precipitation along the grain boundaries and improved the adhesion strength of Cu(Ag) alloy to Mo, possibly due to the interfacial segregation of Ag. In addition, Cu(Ag)/Mo showed low resistivity of 2.3 . 1.9 μ -cm, depending on the annealing temperature. Since the Cu(Ag)/Mo structure shows excellent thermal stability and high adhesion properties with low resistivity, it can be used for interconnections in large-size TFT-LCDs.

Suppression of hypoxic cell death by APIP-induced sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2

Cho, D-H,Lee, H-J,Kim, H-J,Hong, S-H,Pyo, J-O,Cho, C,Jung, Y-K Nature Publishing Group 2007 Oncogene Vol.26 No.19

Apaf-1-interacting protein (APIP) was previously isolated as an inhibitor of mitochondrial cell death interacting with Apaf-1. Here, we report a hypoxia-selective antiapoptotic activity of APIP that induces the activation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Stable expression of APIP in C2C12 (C2C12/APIP) cells suppressed cell death induced by hypoxia and etoposide. Unlike etoposide, however, APIP induces the sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and the phosphorylation of caspase-9 during hypoxia. Inhibition of AKT and ERK1/2 activation by the treatments with phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibitors sensitized C2C12/APIP cells to hypoxic cell death and abolished the hypoxia-induced phosphorylation of caspase-9. Further, overexpression of phosphorylation-mimic caspase-9 mutants (caspase-9-T125E and caspase-9-S196D), but not phosphorylation-defective caspase-9 mutants (caspase-9-T125A and caspase-9-S196A), effectively suppressed hypoxia-induced death of C2C12 cells. These results elucidate a novel Apaf-1-independent antiapoptotic activity of APIP during hypoxic cell death, inducing the sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and leading to caspase-9 phosphorylation.Oncogene (2007) 26, 2809–2814. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210080; published online 6 November 2006

薄筋皮瓣을 利用한 便失禁症의 治驗例

洪聖鎬,金世泳,丁銓殷,崔應鍾 大韓成形外科學會 1982 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.9 No.1

Anal incontinence is caused by sphincter ani muscular dysfunction. It is frequently associated with great inconvenience to the pantient as well as for those about him. The embarrassment, mental distress, and social ostracism of an individual are most distressing so that no apologies are inevitable somatic and psychic sequelae. Gracilis muscle has numerous advantages for the replacement of anal sphincteric muscle. We have utilized gracilis myocutaneous flap for the correction of anal incontinence caused by secondary fibrosis of unilateral sphincteric muscle and hypertrophic scar of anal mucosa after application of the thin split thickness skin graft to the gluteal and perianal region. Postoperative follow-up study by using Electromyography during 3 months revealed gracilis muscle acting as anal sphincter excellently. This paper arguments the clinical application of unilateral gracilis myocutaneous flap for the correction of the anal incontinence of traumatic origin.

도계폐기물을 이용한 환경친화성 비육돈 사료 개발

홍종욱,김인호,권오석,이상환,김춘수 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.1

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional values of fermented poultry by-product meal(FPBM) and to investigate the effect of its feeding on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood urea nitrogen in finishing pigs. Sixty Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace pigs(58.67±0.55㎏ BW) were used in a 56 d growth trial. Pigs were blocked by initial weight with five pigs per pen and four pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 1) Control(basal diet), 2) FPBM10(basal diet+10% FPBM) and 3) FPBM20(basal diet+20% FPBM). FPBM had 24.06% of crude protein, 16.07% of crude fat, 1.35% of lysine and 0.38% of methionine. Concentrations of coli-form bacteria and Lactobacilli sp. were 1.5 × 10³and 3.0 × 10^6 CFU/g, respectively. Overall(0 to 56 d) ADG, ADFI and gain/feed were not influenced by the level of FPBM. Backfat thickness tended to increase as the inclusion rate of FPBM increased without significant difference among the treatments. Apparent digestibilities of DM and N were not different among the treatments. The blood urea nitrogen concentrations in serum was not influenced by FPBM. In conclusion, FPBM can be used to add up to 20% in diets for finishing pigs without negative affects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood urea nitrogen.

大腿筋膜張筋의 臨床的 利用度에 對한 解部學的 硏究

洪聖鎬,丁銓殷,崔應鈺,金世泳 大韓成形外科學會 1981 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.8 No.2

Plastic and reconstructive surgery is mainly found on the skill and techniques developed in the movenent of tissue to repair defects of the body surface. The increased knowledge of the cutaneous circulation of body and the location and pattern of blood supply to each muscle and also refinement in surgical techniques provided the basis of successful transfer of various skin, muscle and myocutaneous units as rotation, island and even free flap. Especially the myocutaneous flap are employed to solve a variety of reconstructive problems. The Tensor Fascia Lata myocutaneous flap can be used as rotation, island and even free flap to cover the defects of the abdominal wall, lower extremities and pelvis and for closure of various pressure sore. And that flap showed exceedingly reliability with constant vascular pedicle and it can be easily elevated in its subfascial plane. In this paper, anatomical studies of size of the flap, running patterns of the vascular pedicles, size of vessels, distribution of sensory and motor nerves and clinical uses of the Tensor Fascia Lata were studied with 30 observation of 15 cadaver dissection. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The true Tensor Fascia Lata muscle length is 14cm in average from anterior superior iliac spine and it occupies proximal one third of lateral thigh. 2) The length between anterior superior iliac spine and great ertrochanter is 11.2cm which becomes the width of Tensor Fascia Lata flap. 3) The location of transverse branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery and vein are 7.2cm inferomedial to anterior superior iliac spine and also inferolateral to midinguinal point where femoral artery is located and the diameter of artery is 1.7mm and the diameter of venae comitantes accompanying to the entire course of the artery are 1.2mm in smaller vein, 2.6mm in larger one. 4) Transverse branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery is initially divided into two branches, then, from which another one is branched from initially branched superior or inferior branch so that three intramuscular branches present. 5) There are two sensory nerves; one is T 12 lateral femoral cutaneous nerve which occurs within 4.2cm posteriorly from anterior superior iliac spine. Another one is L 2.3 lateral femoral cutaneous nerve which occur within 2cm anteriorly from anterior superior iliac spine 6) According to the arterial course, there are one pair of venae comitantes constantly. 7) Lateral femoral circumflex artery is mainly branched from profunda femoris artery and lateral femoral circumflex vein is mainly drained into the femoral vein.

Nb 함유 HSLA 강의 저주기 피로실험에서 분위기의 영향 및 소성변형에너지에 관한 연구

홍순형,박종욱,이원종 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1989 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.27 No.5

The influence of plastic strain amplitude and gaseous environment on the low cycle fatigue properties has been studied in a Nb-bearing HSLA steel. The cyclic response under plastic-strain controlled loading is determined. Neither the cyclic stress-strain curve (CSSC) shows a plateau nor persistent slip bunds (PSB's) have been observed in the bulk. The cyclic plastic strain energy (ΔW) and the accumulated plastic strain energy (W) have been calculated as a function of plastic strain amplitude (Δ_(εΡ)/2) in the form of Κ(Δ_(εp)/2)^N. The computed values of ΔW and W are in good agreement with the experimental data. The vacuum environment enhances fatigue crack initiation life, fatigue life and W. The environmental effect becomes more severe as the plastic strain amplitude decreases. Tensile properties, cyclic stress response and ΔW are not affected by the gaseous environment.