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Non-interest Income, Profit, and Risk Efficiencies: Evidence from Commercial Banks in China
Wen-Long Bian,Xiang-Nan Wang,Qi-Xiang Sun 한국증권학회 2015 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.44 No.5
Chinese commercial banks are transforming their activities into more non-interest income businesses under a highly regulated financial system. This paper investigates the effects of this transformation on profit and risk efficiencies. We find that commission and fee income sig- nificantly reduce risk efficiency due to the circumvention of the regulation on deposit interest rate and the assumption of risk that should have been borne by customers. In terms of trad- ing income, it significantly reduces profit efficiency due to the upper limit of the loan-deposit ratio, the lack of investment channels and low returns of bond markets. The regulatory authorities are supposed to further liberalize the banking industry and grant banks more rights.
Kai Wen Xi,De Duo Chen,Xin Geng,Yan Bian,Min Xin Wang,Hui Bian 대한통증학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.36 No.2
Background: Synaptic plasticity contributes to nociceptive signal transmission and modulation, with calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) playing a fundamental role in neural plasticity. This research was conducted to investigate the role of CaMK II in the transmission and regulation of nociceptive information within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of naïve and morphine-tolerant rats. Methods: Randall Selitto and hot-plate tests were utilized to measure the hindpaw withdrawal latencies (HWLs) in response to noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli. To induce chronic morphine tolerance, rats received intraperitoneal morphine injection twice per day for seven days. CaMK II expression and activity were assessed using western blotting. Results: Intra-NAc microinjection of autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide (AIP) induced an increase in HWLs in naïve rats in response to noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli. Moreover, the expression of the phosphorylated CaMK II (p-CaMK II) was significantly decreased as determined by western blotting. Chronic intraperitoneal injection of morphine resulted in significant morphine tolerance in rats on Day 7, and an increase of p-CaMK II expression in NAc in morphine-tolerant rats was observed. Furthermore, intra-NAc administration of AIP elicited significant antinociceptive responses in morphine-tolerant rats. In addition, compared with naïve rats, AIP induced stronger thermal antinociceptive effects of the same dose in rats exhibiting morphine tolerance. Conclusions: This study shows that CaMK II in the NAc is involved in the transmission and regulation of nociception in naïve and morphine-tolerant rats.
Comprehensive Analysis of Temozolomide Treatment for Patients with Glioma
Yang, Wen-Bing,Xing, Bian-Zhi,Liang, Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19
Background: This analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temozolomide based chemotherapy in treating patients with glioma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of temozolomide based regimens for patients with glioma were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) were calculated. Results: In temozolomide based regimens, 5 clinical studies including 152 patients with advanced glioma were considered eligible for inclusion. Four clinical studies included temozolomide. Systematic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled CR was 21% (32/152), and PR was 21% (32/152). Grade 3/4 toxicity included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. No grade 3 or 4 renal or liver toxicity was observed. No treatment related death occurred with temozolomide based treatment. Conclusion: This systematic analysis suggests that temozolomide based regimens are associated with mild response rate and acceptable toxicity for treatment of glioma patients.
Hua Bian,Shah Faisal,Khan M Ijaz,El-Zahar Essam Roshdy,Farooq Shahid,Khan Sami Ullah,Guedri Kamel,Wu Wen-jing 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.3
The current investigation is concerned with the rheological impact of fourth-grade confined by Riga surface. The flow behaviour is analysed over a Riga plate in the presence of stagnation point and porous medium. The relevant similarity variables and corresponding boundary conditions are adopted to model the current problem. The highly non-linear coupled differential system is via optimal homotopy scheme. The outcomes of relevant dimensionless parameters on the velocity profile have been visualized with physical exploration. It is observed from the obtained outcomes that the fluid velocity declines against rising estimations of modified magnetic variable and inverse Darcy number. The increasing velocity change is noted for boosting values of third-grade fluid parameter. Moreover, the velocity pattern for fourth-grade material is comparatively higher than viscous, second-grade, and third-grade materials. The comparative analysis against obtained simulations is also listed.
Xia Bian,Jian-Wen Ding,Jian Shi,Sen Qian 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.3
A series of oedometer test were performed on both undisturbed and remolded specimens of Wenzhou marine clay to quantitatively investigate the degradation of soil structure during compression. The laboratory tests show that the swell index of both natural and remolded Wenzhou marine clay increase with the increase in consolidation stress. Hence, the normalizing parameter ‘swell sensitivity’, termed as the ratio of the remolded to the natural swelling index, can only be regarded as a qualitative parameter. On the other hand, the normalized stress sensitivity has a good parabolic relationship with the consolidation stress during destructuration. This result indicates that the stress sensitivity can be used as a quantitative interpretation of the degradation of soil structure for natural Wenzhou marine clay. Comparison between stress sensitivity and additional void ratio during destructuration shows that the variation of soil structure during destructuration represented by stress sensitivity and additional void ratio are essentially the same. In addition, the parameter used in formulating the variation of stress sensitivity with the stress level is correlated with natural void ratio and void ratio at liquid limit.
Chen Wen,Jing Sicheng,Wang Yu,Pan Jinghua,Li Wei,Bian Baoan,Liao Bin 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-
Two-dimensional materials have attracted great attention because of their ultra-thin atomic layer thickness and high carrier mobility. In this work, we investigated the electronic transport of in-plane (IP) heterojunction based on Cu/Blue Phosphorus (BlueP), and the results suggest the metallization at the IP Cu/BlueP contact interface and a small Schottky barrier. Then, we investigated the performance of 5.1 nm IP BlueP Schottky barrier field-effect transistors (SBFET) with different dielectrics (SiO2, Al2O3, Y2O3, and La2O3) using quantum transport simulations. The results show that IP BlueP SBFETs with four dielectrics satisfy the off-state requirement of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) for the high-performance (HP) device. However, the on-state current of only IP BlueP SBFET with La2O3 satisfies the requirements of ITRS. This will provide a reference for designing BlueP SBFETs.
Leixiang Bian,Yumei Wen,Ping Li,Qiuling Gao,Xianxue Liu 한국자기학회 2009 Journal of Magnetics Vol.14 No.2
The dynamic magneto-mechanical behaviors in a type of iron-nickel-based ferromagnetic alloy with constant elasticity were investigated as a function of both the DC bias magnetic field (Hdc) and the frequency. The rectangular plate-like samples were excited to vibrate at a half-wavelength, longitudinal resonance by an AC magnetic field superimposed with various Hdc. The experimental results found that the strain coefficient at resonance reached 819.34 ㎚/A and the effective mechanical quality factor (Qm) was greater than 2000. The ratio of the maximum variation of the Young’s modulus over Hdc to the value of the Young’s modulus at a zero bias field was only ~0.83‰ because of the so-called constant elasticity. The resonant strain coefficients and Qm are strongly dependent on Hdc, which indicates a promising potential for use in DC and quasistatic magnetic field sensing.
The Phytotoxic Effects of Selenium–Mercury Interactions on Root Growth in Brassica rapa (LvLing)
Zhi-Wei Bian,Jian Chen,Hui Li,Dan-Dan Liu,Li-Fei Yang,Yue-Lin Zhu,Wen-Li Zhu,Wei Liu,Zheng-Zheng Ying 한국원예학회 2016 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.57 No.3
Rapid industrial and agricultural development has dramatically increased the emission of selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) into the environment. Combined soil pollution by Se and Hg poses a potential threat to crop production. However, no toxic effects of Hg–Se interactions on plants have been reported previously. In this study, we investigated the effects of Hg–Se interactions on biochemical and physiological indices in the roots of Brassica rapa (LvLing). Seedlings were treated hydroponically with solutions of mercury chloride (1 μM), sodium selenite (4 μM), or a combination of the two. Combined Hg+Se treatment significantly inhibited root growth, reduced root biomass, and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde accumulation and led to a loss of plasma membrane integrity. The combined treatment increased glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and peroxidase activity, reduced superoxide dismutase activity, and had no effect on catalase activity. In addition, we detected increased glutathione concentrations in root tips and reduced ascorbic acid concentrations in the presence of Hg+Se relative to individual treatments with these elements. Thus, Hg–Se interactions enhanced oxidative injury, cell death, and phytotoxicity in B. rapa roots.
Jian Lin,Wen-Hai Huang,Shu-Hua Lei,Chang-Cheng Liu,Qi Bian,Li-Na Ma,Dong-Wei Li 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2008 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.9 No.4
Nano-crystals embedded in glass always have interesting quantum effects, while nano-crystal patterns may have wide potential applications in preparing PIC, OEIC and other types of electronic and optoelectronic devices. A direct current electric field, accompanied by heat treatment, was applied on tellurite or silicate glass sheets. The silver ions in a diffused film were introduced into the glass matrix under a high-voltage electric field, instead of supplied during glass melting. The direct diffusion of metal ions, the nucleation and crystallization of nano-crystals in the glass were well controlled by the electric field accompanied by heat treatment. It was found that silver nano-crystal patterns can be transfer printed into tellurite and silicate glass sheets with both patterned diffusion and patterned crystallization. Nano-crystals embedded in glass always have interesting quantum effects, while nano-crystal patterns may have wide potential applications in preparing PIC, OEIC and other types of electronic and optoelectronic devices. A direct current electric field, accompanied by heat treatment, was applied on tellurite or silicate glass sheets. The silver ions in a diffused film were introduced into the glass matrix under a high-voltage electric field, instead of supplied during glass melting. The direct diffusion of metal ions, the nucleation and crystallization of nano-crystals in the glass were well controlled by the electric field accompanied by heat treatment. It was found that silver nano-crystal patterns can be transfer printed into tellurite and silicate glass sheets with both patterned diffusion and patterned crystallization.