Structural aspects of B*4617 molecule, a novel HLA-B*46 allele identified by sequence-based typing

Sohn, Y.-H.,Oh, H.-B.,Heo, Y.-S.,Kwon, O.-J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Tissue antigens Vol.73 No.1

<P>New allele B*4617 showed one nucleotide difference with B*460101 at codon 167 (TGG→TCG).</P>

Thermo-Physical Properties of B2O3-Containing Mold Flux for High Carbon Steels in Thin Slab Continuous Casters: Structure, Viscosity, Crystallization, and Wettability

Park, J. Y.,Kim, G. H.,Kim, J. B.,Park, S.,Sohn, I. Springer Verlag 2016 Metallurgical and materials transactions. B, Proce Vol.47 No.4

<P>The effect of B2O3 on the thermo-physical properties of commercial mold fluxes, including the viscosity, crystallization behavior, and wettability, was investigated. Viscosity was measured using the rotating spindle method, and CCT (continuous cooling transformation) diagrams were obtained to investigate the crystallization behavior at various cooling rates using CLSM (confocal laser scanning microscope). The wettability of the fluxes was determined by measuring the contact angles at 1573 K (1300 A degrees C) using the digital images generated by the sessile drop method and were used to calculate the surface tension, interfacial tension, and work of adhesion for Flux A (existing flux) and B (modified flux). These thermo-physical properties were correlated with the structural analysis obtained using FT-IR (Fourier transform-infrared), Raman and MAS-NMR (magic angle spin-nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. In addition, DTA (differential thermal analysis) was performed on the samples to measure the liquidus temperatures. Higher B2O3 concentrations resulted in lower liquidus temperatures, consequently decreasing the viscosity, the break temperature, and the crystallization temperature. However, B2O3 addition accelerated crystal growth owing to the higher diffusion kinetics of the cations, which also reduced the size of the liquid/solid co-existing region.</P>

Concurrent delivery of GM-CSF and B7-1 using an oncolytic adenovirus elicits potent antitumor effect

Choi, K-J,Kim, J-H,Lee, Y-S,Kim, J,Suh, B-S,Kim, H,Cho, S,Sohn, J-H,Kim, G E,Yun, C-O Nature Publishing Group 2006 Gene therapy Vol.13 No.13

Oncolytic adenoviral vectors are currently being developed as biologic anticancer agents. Coupling the lytic function of an oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) with its ability as a transgene delivery system represents a powerful extension of this methodology. A clear advantage is the amplification of a therapeutic gene, as replicating vectors would be able to infect and deliver the gene of interest to neighboring cells. Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of the most potent stimulators of a specific and long-lasting antitumor immunity and its important role in the maturation of antigen-presenting cells to induce T-cell activation has been well documented. Similarly, the B7 family has also been shown to play an integral role in mediating an antitumor response. Most tumor cells, however, lack the expression of these costimulatory molecules on their surface, thus escaping immune system recognition. To increase the antitumor effect of an oncolytic Ad, we have generated an E1B 55 kDa-deleted oncolytic adenoviral vector, YKL-GB, that expresses both GM-CSF and B7-1. The therapeutic efficacy of YKL-GB Ad was evaluated in immunocompetent mice bearing murine melanoma B16-F10 tumors. Significant inhibition of tumor growth was seen in mice treated with YKL-GB compared to those treated with the analogous vector, YKL-1. Moreover, YKL-GB oncolytic Ad demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity and higher incidences of tumor regression compared to a replication-incompetent Ad, dl-GB, which coexpresses GM-CSF and B7-1. Localized GM-CSF and B7-1 gene transfer also conferred long-lasting immunity against a tumor re-challenge. To establish that the observed antitumor effect is associated with the generation of a tumor-specific immune response, we carried out interferon-γ enzyme-linked immune spot assay. We observed that YKL-GB induced significantly higher immune cell activation than YKL-1. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies demonstrated robust dendritic cells and CD4<SUP>+</SUP>/CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T-cell infiltration in these mice compared to the YKL-1-treated groups. In agreement with these results, splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice treated with YKL-GB expressed high levels of the costimulatory and activation molecules. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of enhancing the immune response against tumors with an oncolytic Ad expressing both GM-CSF and B7-1 and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of neoplasia.Gene Therapy (2006) 13, 1010–1020. doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3302759; published online 9 March 2006

Peroxiredoxin 6 expression is inversely correlated with nuclear factor-κB activation during Clonorchis sinensis infestation

Pak, J.H.,Son, W.C.,Seo, S.B.,Hong, S.J.,Sohn, W.M.,Na, B.K.,Kim, T.S. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Vol.99 No.-

Clonorchis sinensis is a carcinogenic human liver fluke. Its infection promotes persistent oxidative stress and chronic inflammation environments in the bile duct and surrounding liver tissues owing to direct contact with worms and their excretory-secretory products (ESPs), provoking epithelial hyperplasia, periductal fibrosis, and cholangiocarcinogenesis. We examined the reciprocal regulation of two ESP-induced redox-active proteins, NF-κB and peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6), during C. sinensis infection. Prdx6 overexpression suppressed intracellular free-radical generation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase activation in the ESP-treated cholangiocarcinoma cells, substantially attenuating NF-κB-mediated inflammation. NF-κB overexpression decreased Prdx6 transcription levels by binding to two κB sites within the promoter. This transcriptional repression was compensated for by other ESP-induced redox-active transcription factors, including erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ). Distribution of immunoreactive Prdx6 and NF-κB was distinct in the early stages of infection in mouse livers but shared concomitant localization in the later stages. The intensity and extent of their immunoreactive staining in infected mouse livers are proportional to lesion severity and infection duration. The constitutive elevations of Prdx6 and NF-κB during C. sinensis infection may be associated with more severe persistent hepatobiliary abnormalities mediated by clonorchiasis.

Gilbert damping in asymmetric MgO(Ta)/CoFeB/Ta(MgO) structures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Sohn, J.W.,Song, H.S.,Kim, J.W.,Shin, I.J.,Min, B.C.,You, C.Y.,Shin, S.C. Elsevier 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.4

<P>We investigate the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of perpendicularly magnetized MgO/CoFeB/Ta and Ta/CoFeB/MgO stack structures using an all-optical time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr measurement technique. We find that the effective Gilbert damping parameter alpha(eff) converges to a low value of similar to 0.02 in the high external field regime, and it stays unchanged at similar to 0.02 regardless of the pump fluence. Two asymmetric stack structures of CoFeB show identical dynamic behavior and Gilbert damping, implying that the influence of the under and top interfaces is not distinct. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Effect of Crystallization Treatment on the Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Strips Based on Co-Fe-Ni-B-Si-Cr Containing Nitrogen

Cho H.J.,Kwon H.T.,Ryu H.H.,Sohn K.Y.,You B.S.,Park W.W. The Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 2006 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.13 No.4

Co-Fe-Ni-B-Si-Cr based amorphous strips containing nitrogen were manufactured via melt spinning, and then devitrified by crystallization treatment at the various annealing temperatures of $300^{\circ}C{\sim}540^{\circ}C$ for up to 30 minutes in an inert gas $(N_2)$ atmosphere. The microstructures were examined by using XRD and TEM and the magnetic properties were measured by using VSM and B-H meter. Among the alloys, the amorphous ribbons of $Co_{72.6}Fe_{9.8}Ni_{5.5}B_{2.4}Si_{7.1}Cr_{2.6}$ containing 121 ppm of nitrogen showed relatively high saturation magnetization. The alloy ribbons crystallized at $540^{\circ}C$ showed that the grain size of $Co_{72.6}Fe_{9.8}Ni_{5.5}B_{2.4}Si_{7.1}Cr_{2.6}$ alloy containing 121 ppm of nitrogen was about f nm, which exhibited paramagnetic behavior. The formation of nano-grain structure was attributed to the finely dispersed Fe4N particles and the solid-solutionized nitrogen atoms in the matrix. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the nano-grain structure of 5nm in size could reduce the core loss within the normally applied magnetic field of 300A/m at 10kHz.

Behavior of maltose-neopentyl glycol-3 (MNG-3) at the air/aqueous interface

Yoo, B.,Lee, J.,Choi, S.,Ryu, J.,Lee, H.,Chae, P.S.,Lee, S.U.,Maeda, M.,Sohn, D. Elsevier 2015 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.484 No.-

<P>Integral membrane proteins (IMPS) performing a variety of cell functions comprise a significant fraction of the proteins encoded in an organism's genome. Maltose-neopentyl glycol-3 (MNG-3) was invented as a novel detergent to extract IMPs from the cell membranes; MNG-3 has an inherent flexibility originating from its central carbon and its arms comprising alkyl chains and maltose groups. Herein, we demonstrate the reverse-scissoring behavior of MNG-3 through the use of different subphase conditions at the air/water interface. The origin of its high performance was investigated by means of Langmuir techniques, X-ray reflectivity (XRR) analysis of its Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) film, Brewster angle microscope (BAM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) and computational simulation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

High-temperature wettability and structure of the TiO₂-MnO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ welding flux system

Kim, J.B.,Choi, J.K.,Han, I.W.,Sohn, I. North-Holland 2016 Journal of non-crystalline solids Vol.432 No.2

<P>The effect of TiO2/SiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio on the wettability of the TiO2-MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 quaternary welding flux system was studied using the sessile drop method by measuring the contact angle at the liquid/solid interface. The contact angle was measured at 1773 K to determine the relationship between wettability and flux structure, which is affected by the flux composition. The surface and interfacial tensions of the TiO-MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 flux system were calculated using Boni's equation and Young's equation, respectively, based on the measured contact angle. The adhesion energy, which corresponds to the energy required to separate the flux from a substrate, was calculated using Dupre's equation. The interfacial tension between the liquid flux and Pt-10Rh decreased and the surface tension increased with higher TiO2 and Al2O3. The results of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of as-quenched fluxes from 1773 K also support the structural relationship with the wettability. It was found that both O- (non-bridged oxygen) and O2- (free oxygen) affect the interfacial tension between the flux and the substrate. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Post 19 ka B.P. eruptive history of Ulleung Island, Korea, inferred from an intra-caldera pyroclastic sequence

Kim, G. B.,Cronin, S. J.,Yoon, W. S.,Sohn, Y. K. Springer-Verlag 2014 Bulletin of volcanology Vol.76 No.4

<i>MICB</i> polymorphisms and haplotypes with <i>MICA</i> and HLA alleles in Koreans

Cha, C.‐,H.,Sohn, Y.‐,H.,Oh, H.‐,B.,Ko, S.‐,Y.,Cho, M.‐,C.,Kwon, O.‐,J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Tissue antigens Vol.78 No.1

<P>Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain‐related gene B (<I>MICB</I>) is located within the human MHC class I region. The location of <I>MICB</I> in the MHC region may imply the presence of linkage disequilibrium with polymorphic <I>MICA</I> and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci. <I>MICB</I> is also polymorphic; however, <I>MICB</I> polymorphisms have not been investigated in Koreans. Using sequence‐based typing (SBT), we estimated the allelic frequencies of <I>MICB</I> and haplotypes with <I>MICA</I>, <I>HLA‐B</I>, and <I>HLA‐DRB1</I> at high resolution in a population of 139 unrelated Korean individuals. Eight <I>MICB</I> alleles were identified. The most frequent allele was <I>MICB*005:02/*010</I> (57.2%), followed by <I>*002</I> (11.5%), <I>*004</I> (8.3%), <I>*005:03</I> (8.3%), and <I>*008</I> (6.8%). The most common two‐locus haplotypes were <I>MICB*005:02/*010‐MICA*010</I> (19.4%), <I>MICB*005:02/*010‐DRB1*15:01</I> (6.5%), and <I>MICB*005:02/*010‐B*15:01</I> (10.4%); the most common three‐locus haplotypes were <I>B*15:01‐MICA*010‐MICB*005:02/*010</I> (5.8%) and <I>MICA*010‐MICB*005:02/*010‐DRB1*04:06</I> (10.4%); and the most common four‐locus haplotype was <I>B*15:01‐MICA*010‐MICB*005:02/*010‐DRB1*04:06</I> (5.8%). This is the first study to provide information about <I>MICB</I> allele frequencies and haplotypes with HLA in Koreans. These study results should help understand mechanisms of disease association between the <I>MICB</I> locus and neighboring loci in Koreans.</P>