A review on the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity considerations for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to potentially treat coronavirus patients

Askarian Fatemeh,Firoozi Zahra,Ebadollahi-Natanzi Alireza,Bahrami Solmaz,Rahimi Hamid-Reza 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.2

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a novel emerged coronavirus disease, is growing rapidly worldwide. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Chloroquine (CQ), an old antimalarial drug, and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of COVID-19 infection. HCQ is derived from CQ by adding a hydroxyl group into it and is a less toxic derivative of CQ for the treatment of COVID-19 infection because it is more soluble. This article summarizes pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity considerations for CQ and HCQ, drug interactions, and their potential efficacy against COVID-19. The authors also look at the biochemistry changes and clinical uses of CQ and HCQ, and supportive treatments following toxicity occurs. It was believed that CQ and HCQ may provide few benefits to COVID-19 patients. A number of factors should be considered to keep the drug safe, such as dose, in vivo animal toxicological findings, and gathering of metabolites in plasma and/or tissues. The main conclusion of this review is that CQ and HCQ with considered to their ADMET properties has major shortcomings and fully irresponsible.

Investigating the behavior of a modular prefabricated steel moment connection with the through-plate panel zone system

Hadi Askarian,Mohammad Reza Sohrabi,Seyed Morteza Kazemi 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.80 No.4

Prefabricated steel connections are one of the innovations in the area of prefabricated steel frames that have been proposed by many researchers. In beam-to-column rigid connections, joining a beam with different angles to the column is difficult so that connecting more than four beams to the box column becomes impossible. In this study, a prefabricated steel rigid connection is proposed that allows to connect beams in a rigid form with any angle to columns using a through plate panel zone system. To this aim, several analyses were performed on the proposed connection using ABAQUS. To verify the finite element (FE) results, firstly, a prefabricated steel connection was modeled in ABAQUS and the results were then compared with the experimental model. Design formulations were also presented and validated by comparing them with finite element modeling. Afterward, the effect of different connecting angles and the number of connected beams were investigated under monotonic and cyclic loading. The results indicated that all models were able to withstand 0.04 rotation without undergoing a significant decrease in the resisting moment which demonstrates the high ductility of this connection.

The efficacy of GABAergic precursor cells transplantation in alleviating neuropathic pain in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shaghayegh Askarian-Amiri,Solmaz Nasseri Maleki,Seyedeh Niloufar Rafiei Alavi,Arian Madani Neishaboori,Amirmohammad Toloui,Mohammed I. M. Gubari,Arash Sarveazad,Mostafa Hosseini,Mahmoud Yousefifard 대한통증학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.35 No.1

Background: Current therapies are quite unsuccessful in the management of neuropathic pain. Therefore, considering the inhibitory characteristics of GABA mediators, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of GABAergic neural precursor cells on neuropathic pain management. Methods: Search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A search strategy was designed based on the keywords related to GABAergic cells combined with neuropathic pain. The outcomes were allodynia and hyperalgesia. The results were reported as a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Data of 13 studies were analyzed in the present meta-analysis. The results showed that administration of GABAergic cells improved allodynia (SMD = 1.79; 95% CI: 0.87, 271; P < 0.001) and hyperalgesia (SMD = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.26, 2.32; P = 0.019). Moreover, the analyses demonstrated that the efficacy of GABAergic cells in the management of allodynia and hyperalgesia is only observed in rats. Also, only genetically modified cells are effective in improving both of allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Conclusions: A moderate level of pre-clinical evidence showed that transplantation of genetically-modified GABAergic cells is effective in the management of neuropathic pain. However, it seems that the transplantation efficacy of these cells is only statistically significant in improving pain symptoms in rats. Hence, caution should be exercised regarding the generalizability and the translation of the findings from rats and mice studies to large animal studies and clinical trials.

Bending-torsional instability of a viscoelastic cantilevered pipe conveying pulsating fluid with an inclined terminal nozzle

A. R. Askarian,H. Abtahi,R. D. Firouz-Abadi,H. Haddadpour,E. H. Dowell 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.7

In the present study, dynamic stability of a viscoelastic cantilevered pipe conveying fluid which fluctuates harmonically about a mean flow velocity is considered; while the fluid flow is exhausted through an inclined end nozzle. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is used to model the pipe and fluid flow effects are modelled as a distributed load along the pipe which contains the inertia, Coriolis, centrifugal and induced pulsating fluid flow forces. Moreover, the end nozzle is modelled as a follower force which couples bending vibrations with torsional ones. The extended Hamilton's principle and the Galerkin method are used to derive the bending-torsional equations of motion. The coupled equations of motion are solved using Runge-Kutta algorithm with adaptive time step and the instability boundary is determined using the Floquet theory. Numerical results present effects of some parameters such as fluid flow fluctuation, bending-to-torsional rigidity ratio, nozzle inclination angle, nozzle mass and viscoelastic material on the stability margin of the system and some conclusions are drawn.

Cost-Utility of "Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide" versus "Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel" for Treatment of Patients with Breast Cancer in Iran

Hatam, Nahid,Askarian, Mehrdad,Javan-Noghabi, Javad,Ahmadloo, Niloofar,Mohammadianpanah, Mohammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18

Purpose: A cost-utility analysis was performed to assess the cost-utility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens containing doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) versus paclitaxel and gemcitabine (PG) for locally advanced breast cancer patients in Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study in Namazi hospital in Shiraz, in the south of Iran covered 64 breast cancer patients. According to the random numbers, the patients were divided into two groups, 32 receiving AC and 32 PG. Costs were identified and measured from a community perspective. These items included medical and non-medical direct and indirect costs. In this study, a data collection form was used. To assess the utility of the two regimens, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) was applied. Using a decision tree, we calculated the expected costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) for both methods; also, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was assessed. Results: The results of the decision tree showed that in the AC arm, the expected cost was 39,170 US$ and the expected QALY was 3.39 and in the PG arm, the expected cost was 43,336 dollars and the expected QALY was 2.64. Sensitivity analysis showed the cost effectiveness of the AC and ICER=-5535 US$. Conclusions: Overall, the results showed that AC to be superior to PG in treatment of patients with breast cancer, being less costly and more effective.

An Enhanced Instantaneous Circulating Current Control for Reactive Power and Harmonic Load Sharing in Islanded Microgrids

Iman Lorzadeh,Hossein Askarian Abyaneh,Mehdi Savaghebi,Omid Lorzadeh,Alireza Bakhshai,Josep M. Guerrero 전력전자학회 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.6

To address the inaccurate load demand sharing problems among parallel inverter-interfaced voltage-controlled distributed generation (DG) units in islanded microgrids (MGs) with different DG power ratings and mismatched feeder impedances, an enhanced voltage control scheme based on the active compensation of circulating voltage drops is proposed in this paper. Using the proposed strategy, reactive power and harmonic currents are shared accurately and proportionally without knowledge of the feeder impedances. Since the proposed local controller consists of two well-separated fundamental and harmonic voltage control branches, the reactive power and harmonic currents can be independently shared without having a remarkable effect on the amplitude or quality of the DGs voltage, even if nonlinear (harmonic) loads are directly connected at the output terminals of the units. In addition, accurate load sharing can also be attained when the plug-and-play performance of DGs and various loading conditions are applied to MGs. The effects of communication failures and latency on the performance of the proposed strategy are also explored. The design process of the proposed control system is presented in detail and comprehensive simulation studies on a three-phase MG are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

An Enhanced Instantaneous Circulating Current Control for Reactive Power and Harmonic Load Sharing in Islanded Microgrids

Lorzadeh, Iman,Abyaneh, Hossein Askarian,Savaghebi, Mehdi,Lorzadeh, Omid,Bakhshai, Alireza,Guerrero, Josep M. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.6

To address the inaccurate load demand sharing problems among parallel inverter-interfaced voltage-controlled distributed generation (DG) units in islanded microgrids (MGs) with different DG power ratings and mismatched feeder impedances, an enhanced voltage control scheme based on the active compensation of circulating voltage drops is proposed in this paper. Using the proposed strategy, reactive power and harmonic currents are shared accurately and proportionally without knowledge of the feeder impedances. Since the proposed local controller consists of two well-separated fundamental and harmonic voltage control branches, the reactive power and harmonic currents can be independently shared without having a remarkable effect on the amplitude or quality of the DGs voltage, even if nonlinear (harmonic) loads are directly connected at the output terminals of the units. In addition, accurate load sharing can also be attained when the plug-and-play performance of DGs and various loading conditions are applied to MGs. The effects of communication failures and latency on the performance of the proposed strategy are also explored. The design process of the proposed control system is presented in detail and comprehensive simulation studies on a three-phase MG are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays in the Presence of Distributed Generation Using an Adaptive Method

Reza Mohammadi,Meysam Farrokhifar,Hossein Askarian Abyaneh,Ehsan Khoob 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.6

The installation of distributed generation (DG) in the electrical networks has numerous advantages. However, connecting and disconnecting of DGs (CADD) leads to some problems in coordination of protection devices due to the changes in the short circuit levels in the different points of network. In this paper, an adaptive method is proposed based on available setting groups (SG) of relays. Since the number of available SG is less than possible CADD states, a classifying index (CI) is defined to categorize the several states in restricted setting groups. Genetic algorithm (GA) with a suitable objective function (OF) is used as an optimization method for the classification. After grouping, a modified coordination method is applied to achieve optimal coordination for each group. The efficiency of the proposed technique is demonstrated by simulation results.

Smartphone with optical, physical, and electrochemical nanobiosensors

서성은,Fatemehsadat Tabei,박선주,Behnam Askarian,김경호,Golanz Moallem,정조운,권오석 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.77 No.-

Advancement in nanoscience technology has presented various sensing platform, and the developmentof biotechnology has found bioprobes for disease diagnostics, leading to nanobiosensors. Although theyshow high sensitivity and excellent selectivity for target molecules, the nanobiosensors still needadditional instruments for consumers in thefield. To enable point-of-care testing (POCT) withnanobiosensors, smart devices, consisting of portable memory storage, a light source, electrical boards, abattery and so on, have been combined with nanobiosensors. Smartphone-based nanobiosensors showedextended functions with optical, physical and electrochemical modulators, leading to an all-in-onesensing system. In this review, we introduce various nanobiosensors and their integration withsmartphones. Moreover, an excellent demonstration of smartphone-based nanobiosensors is presentedin each chapter with several subjects: (i) optical, (ii) physical and (iii) electrochemical nanobiosensors onsmartphones.

Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays in the Presence of Distributed Generation Using an Adaptive Method

Mohammadi, Reza,Farrokhifar, Meysam,Abyaneh, Hossein Askarian,Khoob, Ehsan The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.6

The installation of distributed generation (DG) in the electrical networks has numerous advantages. However, connecting and disconnecting of DGs (CADD) leads to some problems in coordination of protection devices due to the changes in the short circuit levels in the different points of network. In this paper, an adaptive method is proposed based on available setting groups (SG) of relays. Since the number of available SG is less than possible CADD states, a classifying index (CI) is defined to categorize the several states in restricted setting groups. Genetic algorithm (GA) with a suitable objective function (OF) is used as an optimization method for the classification. After grouping, a modified coordination method is applied to achieve optimal coordination for each group. The efficiency of the proposed technique is demonstrated by simulation results.