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전기 치수 검사 시 역치 자극 이후 과용(過用) 자극 시간의 측정
남기창,안선희,김수찬,김덕원,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3
Use of electric pulp testing elicits painful response in vital teeth. In this study, we examined the excessive time from pain feeling to stimulation disconnection in clinical situation. D626D (Parkell Inc., USA.) scan type electric pulp tester was used in total of 23 young healthy individuals. Each of the right central incisors and first premolars were used as testing teeth. Stimulation disconnection was achieved by EMG in anterior belly of digastric muscle, finger span, and voice and the excessive stimulation time over the sensory threshold was recorded. As a result, we found that the short responses before the stimulation disconnection appeared following order: EMG, finger span, and voice. The EMG disconnection is suggested to be used to reduce the excessive stimulus time in electric pulp testing.
Relationship between Soil Chemical Properties and Algae Growth at Rice Paddy Field
Hui Su Bae,Seung Hyeon Ahn,Jaebok Hwang,Hyeonsoo Jang,Jong Tak Youn,Uk Han Kim,Tae Seon Park,Beomsoo Bae 한국토양비료학회 2019 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.52 No.4
Influences of various soil chemical properties on the algae growth (Chl-a concentration) at the paddy field were statistically analyzed using soil and water samples collected from 2016 to 2018 in June. As a result of correlation analysis between soil chemical properties and Chl-a concentration, significantly positive relationships were observed in pH, EC and SiO₂. To identify the key soil chemistry variables and predict Chl-a concentration, factor analysis was done and three principal components (PCs) with eigenvalues > 1 were found, which accounting for 60.9% of the original variance. The PC1 included Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> and Avali.-P. The PC2 included pH, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, K<SUP>+</SUP>, and Avail.-SiO₂. PC3 included OM and T-N. According to the result of linear regression analysis based on the factors by factor analysis, the total explanation amount was 18.0% and only PC3 had an significant influence on the decrease of Chl-a concentration. These result will be used for soil management to prevent algae blooms at rice paddy field.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor improves renal tubulointerstitial Hypoxia of the Diabetic rat Kidney
( Hui Kyoung Sun ),( Yun Mi Lee ),( Kum Hyun Han ),( Han Seong Kim ),( Seon Ho Ahn ),( Sang Youb Han ) 대한내과학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.27 No.2
Background/Aims: Renal hypoxia is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Pentoxifyllin (PTX), a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is used to attenuate peripheral vascular diseases. To determine whether PTX can improve renal hypoxia, we investigated its effect in the streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic kidney. Methods: PTX (40 mg/kg, PO) was administered to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 8 weeks. To determine tissue hypoxia, we examined hypoxic inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) levels. We also tested the effect of PTX on HIF-1α in renal tubule cells. Results: PTX reduced the increased protein creatinine ratio in diabetic rats at 8 weeks. HIF-1α, VEGF, and GLUT-1 mRNA expression increased significantly, and the expression of HO-1 also tended to increase in diabetic rats. PTX significantly decreased mRNA expression of HIF-1α and VEGF at 4 and 8 weeks, and decreased HO-1 and GLUT-1 at 4 weeks. The expression of HIF-1α protein was significantly increased at 4 and 8 weeks in tubules in the diabetic rat kidney. PTX tended to decrease HIF-1α protein expression at 8 weeks. To examine whether PTX had a direct effect on renal tubules, normal rat kidney cells were stimulated with CoCl2 (100 μM), which enhanced HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels under low glucose conditions (5.5 mM). Their expressions were similar even after high glucose (30 mM) treatment. PTX had no effect on HIF-1α expression. Conclusions: PTX attenuates tubular hypoxia in the diabetic kidney.
Seon-Hui Jang,Soo-Joung Park,Chang-Jin Lee,Dong-Kuk Ahn,Seong-Kyu Han 대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.5
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) has been used therapeutically for various conditions including dystonia, cerebral palsy, wrinkle, hyperhidrosis and pain control. The substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) receive orofacial nociceptive information from primary afferents and transmit the information to higher brain center. Although many studies have shown the analgesic effects of BoNT/A, the effects of BoNT/A at the central nervous system and the action mechanism are not well understood. Therefore, the effects of BoNT/A on the spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) in the SG neurons were investigated. In whole cell voltage clamp mode, the frequency of sPSCs was increased in 18 (37.5%) neurons, decreased in 5 (10.4%) neurons and not affected in 25 (52.1%) of 48 neurons tested by BoNT/A (3 nM). Similar proportions of frequency variation of sPSCs were observed in 1 and 10 nM BoNT/A and no significant differences were observed in the relative mean frequencies of sPSCs among 1-10 nM BoNT/A. BoNT/A-induced frequency increase of sPSCs was not affected by pretreated tetrodotoxin (0.5 mM). In addition, the frequency of sIPSCs in the presence of CNQX (10 mM) and AP5 (20 mM) was increased in 10 (53%) neurons, decreased in 1 (5%) neuron and not affected in 8 (42%) of 19 neurons tested by BoNT/A (3 nM). These results demonstrate that BoNT/ A increases the frequency of sIPSCs on SG neurons of the Vc at least partly and can provide an evidence for rapid action of BoNT/A at the central nervous system.
A Case of IgG4-Related Lung Disease Presenting as Interstitial Lung Disease
Ahn, Jee Hwan,Hong, Sun In,Cho, Dong Hui,Chae, Eun Jin,Song, Joon Seon,Song, Jin Woo The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.77 No.2
Intrathoracic involvement of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease has recently been reported. However, a subset of the disease presenting as interstitial lung disease is rare. Here, we report a case of a 35-year-old man with IgG4-related lung disease with manifestations similar to those of interstitial lung disease. Chest computed tomography showed diffuse ground glass opacities and rapidly progressive pleural and subpleural fibrosis in both upper lobes. Histological findings showed diffuse interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with an increased number of IgG4-positive plasma cells. Serum levels of IgG and IgG4 were also increased. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related lung disease, treated with anti-inflammatory agents, and showed improvement. Lung involvement of IgG4-related disease can present as interstitial lung disease and, therefore, should be differentiated when evaluating interstitial lung disease.