The Aspectual Deictic Verbs with the Path Verbs in Korean

황주원 이중언어학회 2010 이중언어학 Vol.44 No.-

황주원. 2010. 10. 30. 이동 동사와 결합하는 보조 동사의 의미. Bilingual Research 44, 369-395. 이 연구의 목적은, 이동 동사(들다, 나다, 오르다, 내리다)와 결합하는 보조 동사(-어 가다, -어 오다)의 의미를 밝히는 것이다. 선행 연구에서는 이동 동사와 결합하는 보조 동사를 본동사로 보기도 했고, 위성어(path satellite)로 보기도 했다. 또 보조 동사로 보았을 경우 그 의미를 밝히지 않았다. 이 연구에서는, 이동 동사와 결합하는 보조 동사가 상(aspect)의 의미를 갖는다고 주장한다. 이동 동사들이 어휘적으로 가지고 있는 경로가 매우 짧기 때문에 주체나 대상이 이동 동사의 어휘 의미 내에서자유롭게 움직이는 데에 한계가 있다. 이동 동사가 가지고 있는 경로의 한계를 벗어나게 해주는 역할을 ‘-어 가-‘, ‘-어 오-’의 보조 동사가 한다고 이연구는 주장한다. 따라서, 보조 동사는 이동 동사에 시간적인 지속성(duration)을 부여한다. 이때의 이동은 상태 이동(stationary motion)과 유사하다. 이 상태 이동에 구체적인 동작을 부여하려면 이동의 방법을 나타내는동사(Manner verbs: 뛰다, 걷다, 기다 등)가 이동 동사 앞에 추가되어야 한다. (Sangmyung University)

대학 강사의 근로조건의 쟁점과 개선방안 - 개정 고등교육법(‘강사법’)을 중심으로 -

황주원,이승길 한국사회법학회 2021 社會法硏究 Vol.- No.43

강사법은 대학 강사 등의 자살 사건이 사회문제가 되어 그 처우개선 등의 내용을 담은 개정된 고등교육법을 말한다. 대학 강사와 관련한 고등교육법 개정안이 2011년에 통과된 후 4차례나 유예되었다. 하지만 2019년 12월말 국회에서는 고등교육법 개정안이 통과・시행되었다(시행 2019. 8). 대학 교원(강사 포함)의 지위는 원칙적으로 헌법상 교원법정주의(제31조 제6항)에 의하여 교원 관련법이 우선 적용된다. 이에 교원에 대하여 노동법을 적용할 실익이 없었다. 최근에는 대학들의 생존 경쟁이 격화되고, 학령 인구의 급감 등에 따라 대학이 구조조정의 위기에 직면해 있다. 대학 강사의 단결권을 인정한 헌법재판소의 2018년 헌법 불합치 결정으로 교원 관련법에 특별 규정이 없는 부분에 노동법을 적용할지 본격적으로 논의되었다. 대학 강사의 근로자성을 인정한 하급심 판례에서는 노동법을 적용한다고 판시하고 있다. 현행 강사법에서는 강사도 교원의 지위를 확보했지만, 강사는 실질적인 처우개선이 되지 않았다. 강사는 퇴직금 및 직장 건강보험, 임용계약 기간연장, 방학중 임금 인상 등의 근로조건에 대하여 강사법의 개정보완이 필요하다. 강사법이 1년 9개월 경과한 시점에서, 노동법의 관점으로 강사법의 안정된 운영과 실효성을 제고하도록 개선방안을 검토해야 한다. 본고는 이와 같은 문제의식에서 대학 강사의 현황(Ⅱ), 강사법의 추진 경과와 내용을 각각 살펴보았다(Ⅲ). 또한 강사법상의 대학 강사의 노동법상 중요한 근로조건(퇴직금, 방학중 임금지급, 연차휴가, 육아휴직・출산휴가, 고용보험)의 현황 및 문제점, 그 개선방안을 각각 검토하였다(Ⅳ). 이를 통해 대학 강사의 노동법상 보호방안을 강화하는데 일조 했으면 한다. The Instructor Act is a revised Higher Education Act that includes the improvement of treatment of university instructors after the suicide of an instructor has become social problems. Since an amendment to the Higher Education Act on University Instructors was passed in 2011, the enforcement of the law has been postponed four times. However, in late December 2019, an amendment to the Higher Education Act was passed and enforced by the National Assembly (Enforcement 2019. 8). In principle, the status of university teachers should be applied by the teacher-related law first, according to teachers' legalism, under the Constitution, So, there was no practical benefit in applying labour law to teachers. Recently, universities have faced a crisis of restructuring, because the school-age population has dropped dramatically, and the competition for survival among universities has intensified. It has been seriously discussed whether to apply labour law by the Constitutional Court's decision in 2018 to recognize the right of university instructors to unite, which is no special provisions in teacher-related laws. The lower court ruling states that labor laws apply to university instructors. Under the current instructor law, instructors have also secured the statues of teachers, but the treatment for instructors has not actually improved. There is a need for reform of the Instructor Law regarding retirement pension, health insurance, contract period, and wage increase during vacation. It has been a year and nine months since the Instructor Act took effect. At this time, the stable operation and effectiveness of the Instructor Act should be enhanced. We must consider improvement measures from a labour law perspective. From the above point of view, we looked at the current situation of university instructors(Ⅱ), the progress and contents of the Instructor Act(Ⅲ). and The current status and problems of working conditions (retirement pension, wages during vacation, annual leave, parental leave, leave before and after childbirth, and employment insurance) of university instructors were reviewed(Ⅳ), respectively. We hope this paper helps to improve working conditions for university instructors.

코로나19 확산기 도시민의 활동감소와 민감도 변화 - 서울시 생활인구를 중심으로 -

황주원,장성만 한국지적정보학회 2022 한국지적정보학회지 Vol.24 No.1

COVID-19 has now emerged as a big problem for people around the world. In line with these times, this study analyzed whether lifestyle changes that may occur due to unexpected infectious diseases such as COVID-19 changed differently over time and space. The scope of the study was in 424 administrative dongs in Seoul, and the research period was in 2019 and 2020, and the analysis process and results are as follows. First, by analyzing the effect of the increase in the number of COVID-19 confirmed patients on the increase or decrease in the living population, it was confirmed whether the number of COVID-19 confirmed patients affected the activities of citizens. As a result, the living population decreased sharply on the day when the number of confirmed cases was small, but the decrease in the living population decreased as the number of confirmed cases gradually increased. Second, 2020 was divided into four quarters to analyze the increase or decrease in the living population according to the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases quarterly. Through this, it was confirmed whether citizens' sensitivity to COVID-19 confirmed patients differs depending on the spread period. As a result, it was confirmed that the rate of increase or decrease (sensitivity) of the living population to the COVID-19 situation was in the order of the third quarter, the first quarter, the fourth quarter, and the second quarter. Third, the administrative districts of Seoul were classified according to occupational characteristics, and the increase or decrease of the living population for COVID-19 was analyzed for each classified cluster. Through this, the sensitivity of urban residents to COVID-19 by region and diffusion period was confirmed. As a result, it was confirmed that the increase or decrease (sensitivity) of the living population was different according to the occupational characteristics of each region. 코로나19는 현재 전 세계 사람들에게 큰 문제로 부각되었다. 이 연구는 이러한 시대상에 맞춰 코로나19와 같은 예기치 못한 전염병의 유행으로 발생 가능한 생활방식 변화가 시간과 공간에 따라 다르게 변화하였는지를 분석하였다. 연구의 범위는 서울시 424개의 행정동, 연구 기간은 2019년과 2020년을 대상으로 하였으며, 분석과정 및 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, 코로나19 확진자 수 증가가 생활인구 증감에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 코로나19 확진자의 수가시민들의 활동에 영향을 주었는지를 확인하였다. 결과로 확진자가 적은 날에는 생활인구가 급격히 감소하였지만, 확진자가 점차 늘어갈수록 생활인구의 감소폭이 줄어들었다. 두 번째, 2020년을 4개의 분기로 구분하여, 분기별로 코로나19 확진자 수에 따른 생활인구 증감을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 코로나19 확진자에 대한 시민들의 민감도가 확산기간에 따라 다르게 나타나는지 확인하였다. 결과로 코로나19 상황에 대한 생활인구의 증감률(민감도)은 3/4분기, 1/4분기, 4/4분기, 2/4분기 순으로 높은 것을 확인하였다. 세 번째로는 서울시 행정동을 직업적 특성에 따라 분류하고, 분류한 군집별로 코로나19에 대한 생활인구의 증감을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 코로나19에 대한 지역 및 확산기간별 도시민들의 민감도를 확인하였다. 결과로 각 지역의 직업적 특성에 따라 생활인구의 증감(민감도)이 서로 상이함을확인하였다.

Classification of the Efficacy of Herbal Medicine Alterations in Neuronal Hypoxia Models through Analysis of Gene Expression

황주원,신길조,문일수 대한한의학회 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: cDNA microarray is an effective method to snapshot gene expression. Functional clustering of gene expressions can identify herbal medicine mechanisms. Much microarray data is available for various herbal medicines. This study compares regulated genes with herbal medicines to evaluate the nature of the drugs. Methods: Published microarray data were collected. Total RNAs were prepared from dissociated hippocampal dissociate cultures which were given hypoxic shock in the presence of each herbal medicine. Up- or downregulated genes higher than Global M value 0.5 were selected, clustered in functional groups, and compared with various herbal treatments. Results: 1.Akt2 was upregulated by Acorus gramineus SOLAND, Arisaema amurense var. serratum NAKAI and Coptis chinensis FRANCH, and they belong to Araceae herb. 2.Nf-κb1, Cd5, Gnγ7 and Sgne1 were upregulated by Arisaema amurense var. serratum NAKAI, Coptis chinensis FRANCH and Rheum coreanum NAKAI. 3.Woohwangcheongsim -won, Sohaphyang-won and Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI downregulated Scp2 and upregulated Tsc2. Woohwangcheongsim-won and Sohaphyang-won upregulated Hba1 and downregulated Myf6. 4.Sohaphyang-won and Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI downregulated Slc12a1. 5.Woohwangcheongsim-won and Arisaema amurense var. serratum NAKAI upregulated Rarα, Woohwangcheongsim-won and Coptis chinensis FRANCH downregulated Rab5a and Pdgfrα, and Woohwangcheongsim-won and Rheum coreanum NAKAI upregulated Plcγ1 and downregulated Pla2g1b and Slc10a1. Conclusions: By clustering microarray, genes are commonly identified to be either up- or downregulated. These results will provide new information to understand the efficacy of herbal medicines and to classify them at the molecular level.

배양한 흰쥐 대뇌세포의 저산소증 모델에서 황련(黃連)이 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향

황주원,김경훈,신길조,문일수,Hwang, Joo-Won,Kim, Kyung-Hun,Shin, Gil-Cho,Moon, Il-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2011 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of Coptidis chinesis FRANCH. on the alteration of gene expression in a hypoxic model using cultured rat cortical cells. Methods : E18 rat cortical cells were grown in neurobasal medium containing B27 supplement. On 12 DIV, water extract from Coptidis chinesis FRANCH. was added ($20{\mu}g/ml$) to the culture media 4 hrs. On 14 DIV, cells were given hypoxic insult (2% $O_2$/5% $CO_2$, $37^{\circ}C$, 3 hrs), returned to normoxia and cultured for another 24 hrs. Total RNA was extracted from Coptidis chinesis FRANCH. treated and untreated cultures and alterations in the gene expression were analysed by microarray using rat 5K-TwinChips. Results : Effects on some of the genes whose functions were implicated in neural viability were as follows: the expression of apoptosis-related genes such as Clu (Global M = 1.3), of presynaptic inhibition's genes such as Penk-rs (Global M = 1.97), and of innate immuniti's such as Crp (Global M = 1.95), Defensin (Global M = 2.14), and Dnase1l3 (Global M = 1.57) increased. The expression of neurotrophic genes such as S100b (Global M = 1.42), and $NF{\kappa}B$ (Global M = 2.04) increased. Conclusions : Analysing the genes expressed on microarray, shows Coptidis chinesis FRANCH.protects cells by increasing viability and neural nutrition.

Polymer Anode Based on Thiophene Derivative Copolymer for All Solid Polymer Battery

황주원,전서영,조남주 한국고분자학회 2023 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.48 No.1

음결(陰結)로 변증한 궤양성 대장염 환자의 평위지유탕가미방(平胃地楡湯加味方) 치험 1례

황주원,최효재,백윤선,정승현,신길조,이원철,Hwang, Joo-Won,Choi, Hyo-Jae,Baik, Yun-Seon,Jeong, Sung-Hyun,Shin, Gil-Cho,Lee, Won-Chul 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Objectives : To see the effect of herbal medicine on ulcerative colitis by diagnosing ulcerative colitis as constipation due to stagnation of eum. Methods : We report here on a case of a patient who had abdominal pain, rectal urgency, diarrhea and hemafecia as chief complaints in December 2004 and was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis on January 20, 2007. The patient was treated with Pyungwijiyu-tang till Hwanggi was added on March 23rd of the same year. No change was made to the prescription since then. Results : After 14 weeks of herbal treatment the chief complaints decreased favorably and had no relapse. Conclusions : In this case, we recognized that the herbal medication could be effective for the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis. It was effective in decreasing or maintaining the symptoms of patients and in improving quality of life.

동적신장검사에서 신장깊이에 따른 사구체여과율 비교

황주원,임영현,윤종준,이화진,이무석,정지욱,박세윤,Hwang, Ju-Won,Lim, Young-Hyen,Yun, Jong-Jun,Lee, Hwa-Jin,Lee, Mu-Seok,Jung, Ji-Uk,Park, Se-Yun 대한핵의학기술학회 2014 핵의학 기술 Vol.18 No.2

서론: 신장기능을 평가하는데 중요한 지표가 될 수 있는 GFR을 측정하는 데에는 여러 가지 검사방법이 있다. 핵의학 검사에서 사용하는 동적신장검사는 Gates법을 바탕으로 GFR을 구한다. 본 저자는 동적신장검사에서 일반적으로 GFR을 측정하는데 사용되는 Gates법에 신장깊이를 측정하는 방법을 달리하여 각각 적용하여 보았다. Tonnesen방정식을 이용한 신장깊이와 CT사진에서 도출한 신장깊이를 측정한 후, 두 가지 측정방법에 따른 신장깊이와 GFR의 차이를 비교분석하고 그 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 실험장비및 재료: Dual Detector인 GE사의 감마카메라에 Low energy collimator를 장착하여 사용하였으며 실험에서 대상자에게 투여하는 방사성 의약품은 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA이다. 실험대상 및 방법: 2013년 2월에서 2014년 2월까지 1년간 본원에서 동적신장검사를 시행한 환자 중 양쪽신장의 GFR이 정상인 27명을 대상으로 하였다. 각 대상자들의 신장깊이를 Tonnesen방정식과 CT사진을 토대로 각각 산출하고 Gates법에 대입하여 GFR을 구하고 비교분석하였다. 결과: 신장깊이는 좌신에서 0.93 cm 우신에서 2.77 cm 차이가 났으며 CT사진으로 구한 깊이수치가 더 큰 것으로 나왔고 GFR 값 역시 15.1 mL/min 상승하였다. 고찰 및 결론: 한국인의 신장깊이가 서양인과 다르며 깊이를 측정하는 방법에 따라 GFR이 변할 수 있으므로 신장깊이 측정에 있어 신뢰도를 높일 수 있는 방법들에 대한 연구가 계속되어야 한다. Purpose Find out about the significance of the GFR values calculated by the kidney depth is measured by comparing the values obtained for kidney depth was measured GFR in the CT image kidney depth and is calculated by Tonnesen law in $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA dynamic kidney scan with each applies. Materials and Methods Among patients with normal value (75~120 mL/min) computed GFR conducted of dynamic renal scan to visit from February 2013 to February 2014 and donor GFR values in patients with normal value. The mean age was 46.9 years with 14 men 13 females. We used abdomen CT image which checked before conducting dynamic Kidney scan for measuring the depth of kidney. We only used CT image that contains renal hilum and measured outermost front of the kidney from the skin surface (a) and the final surface (b) caculated the average depth of [(a + b) / 2] respectively. Using the same ROI in order to limit the change in GFR values by the other additional element was set before and after the depth value was excluded from the GFR falls kidney disease. Results Using Tonnesen law the average value was caculated 5.94 cm from the right kidney 5.90 cm from the left kidney. It was 6.83 cm, 8.71 cm in the left kidney and the right kidney average value of the depth measured on the basis of the CT image. The respective increase in left kidney 0.93 cm and right kidney 2.77 cm calculated on the basis of CT image actually measured values. GFR was calculated as the average depth of the subject calculated by the method Tonnesen $83.3{\pm}9.79mL/min$. $98.6{\pm}14.07mL/min$ GFR was applied to calculate the average depth of the subjects using the CT image, is the difference appears 15.26 mL/min was increased after seting up depth value, P value was less than 0.01 which is significant. Conclusion The difference between GFR before-after setting up depth value cause that the different of depth value. Is a measured depth of the extension value of the calculated estimates Whereas Tonnesen kidney depth method is to use in calculating the value of GFR in a typical dynamic elongation test depth derived using the CT image depth. Is thought to be able to calculate more accurately the GFR value by the distance to the center of kidney more accurately measured in the skin thereby.

도로유형이 개인용 이동장치의 운행속도에 미치는 영향 분석 : 자전거 도로를 중심으로

황주원,장성만 대한국토·도시계획학회 2023 國土計劃 Vol.58 No.6

본 연구는 자전거 도로가 PM의 운행에있어서 얼마나 효율적인지를 정량적인 지표로 분석이 가능한 운행속도에 집중하여 분석하는 것이 연구의 목적이며, 이를 해결하기 위한 연구의 세부 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, 도로의 유형이 PM의 운행속도에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 분석하였다. 두 번째, PM 주행환경을 개선한다면 PM의 통행 거리 및 속도가 어떻게 달라질 것인지 분석하였다. 이러한 분석의 결과를 바탕으로 PM의 자전거 도로 주행 필요성의 근거가되어 시민들의 바람직한 PM 이용문화의 확산에 도움이 될 것이며, 더 나아가서 PM의 이용률을 높이는 정책의 기초자료로써 활용되어 지속 가능한 도시를 만드는 것에 도움이 될 것이다. Personal mobility (PM) vehicles are mandated to use the road edge without dedicated bicycle paths, resulting in discomforting scenarios for both PM operators and vehicular traffic. Encouraging PM users to employ bicycle lanes exclusively rather than conventional roadways becomes imperative through expanding such infrastructure to promote harmonious coexistence among citizens. However, the scarcity of research addressing the comparative efficiency of PM operation on bicycle lanes versus general roads presents a gap in the existing knowledge base. This study primarily aims to ascertain the efficiency of bicycle paths for PMs. Hence, we calculated the average driving speed of PMs across different road types. The research was focused on the districts of Gangseo-gu and Yangcheon-gu in Seoul, with the analysis conducted using shared PM operation data. The analytical method and results are detailed as follows. A comparative dataset of PM was constructed by linearly processing data points containing PM operation information about PM travel using a geographic information system (GIS). The speed for each road type was derived by considering departure time, arrival time, and travel distance from the constructed PM travel route dataset. The study subsequently established the driving efficiency of PMs across various road types, including bicycle lanes, conventional roads, and mixed pedestrian roads. This study quantitatively analyzed the effect of bicycle lanes on PM operation. The findings of this research can inform policy development aimed at enhancing PM utilization and contributing to establishing a sustainable urban environment with reduced car dependency.

블로그를 통한 관계유지행동

황주원,김은미 한국언론학회 2013 한국언론학보 Vol.57 No.5

This study is to understand the characteristics of online relationship by looking into relational maintenance behaviors on blog. Previous studies have focused on the comparison between online relationship and offline relationship to find out how online relationship is made, whereas this study hypothesizes that online relationship itself can vary depending on different online situations. Results show that online relationship makers use ‘positivity’ and ‘avoidance’ the most among relational maintenance behaviors. This shows that they rather prefer keeping the present relationship, avoiding conflict in relationship. Second, relational maintenance behaviors actually varied according to ‘the type of relationship’ (whether it is blogger-blogger relationship or blogger-blog user relationship). The amount of relational maintenance behaviors and relational satisfaction was higher in blogger-blogger relationship where their identity is revealed ‘bidirectionally’ than in blogger-blog user relationship where their information on identity is limited. Third, as for perception of similarity, respondents perceive ‘attitude similarity’ higher than ‘background similarity’. In conclusion, this study is worth reading in that we did not simply agree to the idea that online relationship can be compared with offline relationship, but focused on the characteristics of online relationship itself by examining the space it exists.