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쇠고기 저장 중 이취발생에 대한 Indicator 탐색
변고은,안수림,심수동,이중용,홍광원,민상기,이승주,Byeon, Ko-Eun,An, Soo-Rim,Shim, Soo-Dong,Lee, Jung-Young,Hong, Kwang-Won,Min, Sang-Gi,Lee, Seung-Ju 한국축산식품학회 2009 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.29 No.3
Beef quality indicators of off-flavor development during storage were investigated in terms of temperature dependence. The off-flavor development time (ODT) was detected using the R-index sensory test. During varying storage conditions at $25^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, and $5^{\circ}C$, elements of beef quality were measured, such as volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), pH, color (CIE $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), Pseudomonas spp. CFU, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) CFU. A model with temperature dependence of ODT during storage was developed using Arrhenius-like equation, and a requirement with quality indicators was mathematically derived, resulting in similar temperature dependence. The temperature dependence of beef quality indicators was represented by the Arrhenius activation energy (Ea). Upon comparing the Ea of beef quality indicators and ODT, the temperature dependence similarity was found to be higher in the order of three groups: VBN, pH, $a^*$ value; LAB, Pseudomonas spp.; and WBSF, $L^*$ value, $b^*$ value. Therefore, VBN were determined as the most effective indicator of beef quality during off-flavor development.
지방의회 의정역량 강화를 위한 의정지원 제도 개선방안 : 대만과 일본의 의정활동 지원현황을 중심으로
박형규(Park, Hyung-Kyu),전부열(Jeon, Bu-Yul),성은빈(Sung, Eun-Bin),홍수동(Hong, Soo-Dong) 경기연구원 2019 GRI 연구논총 Vol.21 No.2
Local autonomy, which has been around for 30 years, has now become a part of living together with the residents’ welfare. In other words, it is a very up close system to residents. With the rapid increase in local affairs, a local assembly has to play a bigger role and has more responsibilities on its shoulders. Considering growing significance of local assembly, checking and monitoring the executive branch of the local assembly is required as it implements local autonomy guaranteed by the constitution as a representative of residents in its constituency. At the same time, its legislative activities have a great implications on promotion of residents welfare. In spite of the importance of local assemblies for local residents, it is not easy for assembly members to act in their politics mainly due to insufficient system and institution of supporting local assemblies. It is fortunate that the central government is willing to submit the revised bill to the National Assembly as a result of constant proposals and efforts made by members of local assemblies, such as the decentralization of local autonomy and transfer of the authority over personnel to local assemblies and so on. Local assemblies in Korea are still in its infancy, but we expect to see gradual changes in them. The purpose of this study is to examine the successful factors of foreign countries like Taiwan and Japan and review possibilities of introducing numerous systems or institutions into Korea, for example, the independence of authority over personnel, assigning aides to members, and association of supporters so as to find out improvement measures. Japan and Taiwan have systems providing financial support to members of local assembly and allow them to get financial help from support associations. Furthermore, the authority over personnel is given to the president of a local assembly. For Taiwan, a member of local assembly could hire around 6-8 aides, which is equivalent to the number of aides who a national assembly member could hire in Korea. Those aides do their own tasks such as making suggestion of legislation, accounting audit, making written or oral questions, providing services to their electors and so on. This paper suggests ways to overhaul and improve current local assembly system and presents reasons to introduce effective foreign system into Korea.
문원식(Won-Sik Moon),박형규(Hyung-Kyu Park),홍수동(Soo-Dong Hong) 경기연구원 2016 GRI 연구논총 Vol.18 No.1
The Constitution of Republic of Korea, Article 117, granting local government power to enact the local ordinances, only allows to perform the right within the scope of legislation so the local government currently had lots of restrictions regarding the enactment of local ordinances. In addition, the local government for themselves has rigidly interpreted the Local Government Act, Article 22, causing to not commit their important roles of the local government, public welfare. In this research we will look through the enactment power of local government from a view, which would be divided by an intrinsic and an extrinsic limitation and introduce two cases with practical approaches; the one was about, among the ordinances of Gyeonggido Assembly, the case which caused to reduce the enactment power of the local government due to the superiority of legislation and the other was about the case which had even brought the amendment of legislation, enlarging the enactment power of the local government. Neither is this thesis denying the principle of superiority for legislation nor refuting the limitation of fundamental rights with related to statutory reservation, however, enactment power of local government is expressly granted by Constitution, so we believe that the Article 117 of Constitution and Article 22 of Local Government Act can be interpreted in which the attempt to reinforce the enactment power of the local government will conform to the nature of local self-governing system and such an interpretation would be in accordance with the Constitution. Furthermore, with this re-interpretation through the discussions, the local government should build a foundation for developing their abilities as well as powerful centrifugal forces. These two efforts above can be a starting point to pass over the limit of enactment power of local government and also think that this would be a way to get close the nature of local governing system, reflecting the local characteristics of each region.
Anthrone의 Allylation반응과 10-Monoallylated Anthrone의 합성
김학원,홍수동,김태균,김경민 慶熙大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.26 No.-
Base-mediated allylation of anthrone gave the 10,10-bisallylated anthrone(4) without any O- or C-monoallylated anthrone. 9-Allyloxy anthracene(5), which is O-allylated anthrone, could be prepared by acid-catalyzed exchange/dehydration of anthrone using ally1 alcohol. Thermal arrangement of 9-allyloxyanthracene(5) yielded 10-monoallylated anthrone(6) which could not be prepared from the direct allylation of anthrone with allyl halide.
10-단일치환된 Anthrone으로부터 9-치환된 Anthracene 유도체의 합성
김학원,홍수동,윤병훈,김지한 경희대학교 환경연구소 1997 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
Direct syntheses of 9-(3-propenyl)anthracene(l0) and 9-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl) anthracene(l3) were reported. 9-(3-Propenyl)anthracene(l0) was prepared from the NaBH_(4) reduction of 10-(3-propenyl)anthrone(7). Also, 9-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)anthracene(13) was prepared from the NaBH_(4) reduction and the subsequent P_(2)O_(5) dehydration of l0-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl) anthone(l1)
김학원,김태균,홍수동 경희대학교 환경연구소 1998 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.8 No.-
Efficient syntheses of several 9-substituted anthracene derivatives have been one. Compounds 5, 6, 7 have been prepared from 10-monoallylated anthrone. Compound 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 have been synthesized from anthrone by the DCC coupling reaction with several acids or the base mediated coupling reaction with acyl chlorides. Compounds 14 and 15 have been prepared from the Witting reaction of 9-anthryl carboxaldehyde. 9-Substituted anthracene derivatives might be useful for environmental use and functional polymeric materials.