다단식 하단배출형 연직가동보의 수리특성 분석

최용환(Choi, Yong Hwan),최승제(Choi, Seung Je),최흥식(Choi, Heung Sik),한일영(Han, Il Yeong),이지행(Lee, Ji Haeng) 대한토목학회 2016 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

미국의 대북전략 변화와 북한 핵실험

최용환(Choi Yonghwan) 경기연구원 2006 경기논단 Vol.8 No.4

This article examines how the US global & security strategies have changed in the post-Cold War era. The ultimate goal of US’s statecraft, the expansion of freedom, democracy and human dignity, is nonnegotiable. To protect their Nation and values, The United States seeks to extend freedom across the globe by leading an international effort to end tyranny and to promote effective democracy. Americans believe that all tyrannies threaten the world peace, and some tyrannies, in their pursuit of WMD or sponsorship of terrorism, threaten their immediate security interests as well. From the American perspective, North Korea is the typical tyranny and WMD related country. The North Korean nuclear test on October 9, 2006 is inevitable evidence of WMD development. For that reason, US wants regime change or regime transformation of North Korea. In fact US has various policy options toward North Korea. Firstly, there are several international regime against WMD proliferation, for example Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, Missile Technology Control Regime, Wassenaar Arrangement, Nuclear Suppliers Group and Australia Group ets. Secondly United States itself has retained many regulation acts to restrict trade with North Korea. US policymakers have prepared ‘tailored containment’ against North Korea thorough all kinds of tools above. After the North Korean nuclear test, optimism is harder to maintain. It is crucial to see the big picture and take the long view.

고감도 열전생화학센서에 적용을 위한 미세유체기반 전처리 농축장치의 설계 및 제작

최용환(Yong-Hwan Choi),윤승일(Seung-Il Yoon),김용준(Yong-Jun Kim) 한국정밀공학회 2010 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.5월

한국의 통일 정책 평가와 과제

최용환(CHOI Yonghwan) 신아시아연구소 2010 신아세아 Vol.17 No.4

분단 이후 남북한은 수많은 통일 방안을 제시하였다. 한국 정부가 제시한 통일 방안은 기본적으로 기능주의적 접근에 기반하고 있다는 점에서 공통점도 가지고 있다. 하지만 최근의 논의는 강압과 포용을 둘러싼 남남갈등으로 이어지고 있다. 따라서 이 글은 통일과 관련된 다양한 과제를 검토하여, 다층.복합적인 접근 방법을 제안한다. 핵문제를 포함한 북한의 군사적 위협이 심각한 것은 사실이지만, 통일과 관련해서는 북한체제의 정상화도 매우 중요한 과제라고 할 수 있다. 즉, 북한 체제의 변화(정상화) 없이 평화적 통일은 불가능하다. 따라서 북한의 위협에 대한 대처와 함께 북한 체제의 변화와 관련된 정책이 마련되어야 한다. 또한21세기 한국의 미래 발전과 관련하여 북한과의 협력 방안에 대한 관심이 요구됨과 동시에 북한체제의 급작스런 붕괴의 충격에 대한 대비도 필요하다. 따라서 기본적으로는 북한 체제의 연착륙과 남북통합을 위한 과제에 집중하면서, 북한의 위협을 관리하고, 급작스런 변화로 인한 위험요인에 대한 대비가 동시에 이루어져야 할 것이다. ROK aims for the change of North Korea to become a normal state in international society and, ultimately, the peaceful unification of the Korean peninsula. However, ROK's North Korean policy has been circling between the enforcement and the engagement, depending on the governing party. There has been no middle ground for dealing with North Korea. Based on all these observations and analysis, this research suggests "Multi Dimensional Engagement toward North Korea"as a way of changing North Korea. The essence of this approach is that ROK should try to engage North Korea in a more multi-dimensional and complicated way. It means that ROK should pursue all together recovery and build up of North Korean economy, humanitarian assistance, North Korean version of Perestroika and Glasnost, social integration of North and South Koreans, management of ideological conflicts within ROK and its citizens while continuously making efforts in solving political and military issues with North Korea. North Korean nuclear programs are a real threat to ROK and other countries. However, the change of North Korea will lead to the peaceful solution of these nuclear threats. The multi dimensional engagement would contribute to the change of North Korea.

간장및 담도 : B형 간염 바이러스에 의한 만성활동성 간염 환자에서 알파 인터페론의 치료 효과

최용환(Yong Hwan Choi),김성록(Sung Rok Kim),곽규식(Kyu Sik Kwak),박재용(Jae Yong Park),김은영(Eun Young Kim),정준모(Jun Mo Chung),탁원영(Won Young Tak) 대한소화기학회 1990 대한소화기학회지 Vol.22 No.2

N/A This study was designed to estimate the efficacy and safety of IFN-alpha in type B chronic active hepatitis patients. Thirty two cases were subcutaneously injected with IFN-alpha daily 3,000,000 units, three time a week for 12 weeks. The drug was administered while the patients were in the hospital for the first week, who were followed up after discharge once every month for four months. The follow-up continued for a maximum of 14 months depending on the conditions of the cases (mean +- SD: 7.3 +- 5.0 months). Twenty five cases, as a control group, were not treated with IFN-alpha and observed for 3 to 18 months (mean +- SD: 7.6 +- 3.4 months). The results were as follows. In the patients treated with IFN-alpha, disappearance of HBe antigen was observed in 9 of the 32 cases (28.1%), and anti-HBe appeared in 8 of 9 cases (8/32:25.0%). In the control group, disappearance of HBe antigen showed in 4 of 25 cases (16.0%). Of the 4 cases, one showed anti-HBe (1/25:4.0%). No significant difference of disappearance of HBe antigen between the two groups. Signifirant difference, however, was noted in the appearance of anti-HBe. Follow-up was made on serum HBV-DNA titer in 15 cases injected with IFN-alpha. The levels were lowest between two to three months in 12 cases, and in four months of the follow-up in one case. Five cases converted to negative, in all 5 cases HBe antigen disappeared. The seronegative ratio of the two groups showed no significant difference in family history of type B hepatitis, age, sex, histologic finding, initial HBV-DNA titer and aminotransferase level. The serum transferase level in the group with IFN-alpha treatment made a remarkable decrease after 4 weeks of treatmen. In control group, aminotransferase decreased but not significantly during follow-up. All patients treated with IFN-alpha complained of fever, myalgia and other minor side effects not serious as to require treatment. Thus this findings suggest that treatment of type B chronic active heaptitis patients with IFN-alpha 3,000,000 units daily, three times a week for 12 weeks appears to be a safe and relatively effective way.

생체 모방 초소수성 표면 제작

최용환(Y. W. Choi),서갑양(K. Y. Suh),강성민(D. S. Kang),강대식(S. M. Kang) 한국정밀공학회 2013 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.5월

의료서비스 이용자의 선호행태에 관한 분석

최용환(Choi, Yong-hwan) 충북연구원 2001 지역정책연구 Vol.12 No.2

자치경찰제 도입 및 제도정착에 관한 연구

최용환(Choi, Yong-Hwan) 충북연구원 2010 연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

정부규제가 도시개발에 미치는 영향에 대한 공간패널 분석: 서울특별시의 지역권별 효과를 중심으로

최용환 ( Yong Hwan Choi ) 한국행정학회 2015 韓國行政學報 Vol.49 No.4

1970~80년대 정부주도의 ‘강남개발’은 서울의 급속한 도시발전을 이끌었다. 그러나 이 과정에서 발생한 ‘강북지역’과 ‘강남지역’의 개발격차는 서울의 소득격차, 사회적 갈등 등 많은 사회문제를 유발하였다. 이에 본연구는 2005년부터 2013년까지 서울 25개 자치구를 대상으로 개발규제가 도시개발 수준에 미치는 영향을 공간패널분석으로 살펴보았다. 분석결과 첫째, 개발규제가 강화되면 도시개발 수준이 낮아지는 개발억제 효과가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 개발규제가 도시개발 수준을 조절해 지역 간 개발격차를 완화시켜 줄 수 있는 효과적인 재분배 정책임을 확인시켜준다. 둘째, 서울의 도시개발은 ‘강남3구’와 ‘강북3구’의 고유한 지역효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 구체적으로 ‘강북3구’는 자치구의 인구유입, 지가수준, 재정자립도가 다른 자치구에 비하여 낮았으며, 교통접근성과 편의성이 매우 낮게 나타났다. 이와 같은 ‘강북3구’의 개발여건은 ‘강북3구’의 도시개발을 더욱 어렵게 하는 요인이다. 셋째, 지역권별 개발규제는 강북과 강남지역에 획일적으로 적용되어 모두의 개발수준을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, ‘강북3구’만의 지역특성에 따른 개발정체의 파급효과도 확인하였다. 특히 ‘강북3구’의 개발정체 효과를 직접효과와 간접효과로 세분하여 살펴보면 ‘강북3구’는 공간적으로 서울시 도시개발에서 소외되고 있다. 결국 서울의 불균형 개발은 ‘강남3구’의 개발집중 보다 ‘강북3구’의 개발소외가 더 심각한 원인이다. 그러므로 서울의 균형발전을 위한 개발규제는 도시개발의 집중지역과 취약지역에 따라 차별적으로 적용되어야 한다. This study explored the influence of government regulation on urban development, employing a spatial panel model based on 25 districts in Seoul. First, the results suggest that strict developmental regulations have a certain depressant effect on urban development levels, which confirms that developmental regulation is an effective policy for adjusting urban development and has a spatial redistributive effect on development levels of contiguous districts. Second, concerning urban development in Seoul, there exist some unique regional effects of the three Gangnam districts and the three Gangbuk districts. Specifically, the three Gangbuk districts have comparatively low levels of population influx, real estate prices, and fiscal self-reliance ratio and show much lower rates of transportation-accessibility and convenience. These conditions make the three Gangbuk districts more difficult to urbanize. Third, from 2005 to 2013, regional developmental regulations were applied uniformly in both Gangnam and Gangbuk; in turn, they have had identical restraining effects on urban development. Fourth, there appeared some spillover effects of the development stagnation phenomenon caused by unique regional features in the three Gangbuk districts. Namely, the developmental gap discovered in Seoul stems from the development congestion in the three Gangbuk districts rather than from the development concentration in the three Gangnam districts. Accordingly, for balanced regional development in Seoul, developmental regulation should be selectively applied in the three Gangnam districts and the three Gangbuk districts based on the developmental intensity among districts.

세계화시대 북한 국가-사회관계의 변화

최용환 ( Yong Hwan Choi ) 서강대학교 사회과학연구소 2005 社會科學硏究 Vol.13 No.2