춘천시 도시림의 탄소흡수와 계획방안

조현길,김진영,박혜미 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회 학술발표회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

강원지역 도시녹지의 구조적 문제점과 계획전략

조현길 강원대학교 조형예술연구소 2006 조형예술논문집 Vol.7 No.-

Urban greenspace contributes to creating the healthy living environment for residents through ecological, aesthetic, and recreational functions. Thereby it can attract population and business, and result in the economic vitality of a city or town. This study analyzed structural problems of urban greenspace in Gangwon region and suggested desirable planning strategies to improve the greenspace functions. The structural problems were represented by poor greenspace area, single-layered and single-aged plantings, lack of landscape identity, and greenspace fragmentation. The planning strategies included balancing of development and preservation through establishment of a greenspace supply indicator, planting techniques by greenspace type such as gardens, parks, streets, streams and natural forests, and spatial networking of the greenspace types.

Effects of Windbreak Planting on Crop Productivity for Agroforestry Practices in a Semi-Arid Region

조현길,박혜미 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2017 Journal of Forest Science Vol.33 No.4

Agroforestry has been practiced in arid and semi-arid regions for the purposes of preventing desertification and to increase income for locals. However, the intended effects of such practices have been limited due to strong winds and aridity. This study undertook multi-year monitoring of the productivity of income crops associated with windbreak planting in a semi-arid region of Mongolia, and explored strategies of windbreak planning to enhance the multi-purpose effects of agroforestry practices. The tree crown density of windbreak planting was on average 40% in one year after planting and 65% 2-3 years after, and thereby windspeeds were reduced by about 30% and 54%, respectively. Average windspeed reductions at leeward distances from the windbreak planting were approximately 60% within 3H (H=tree height), 50% at 5H, and 42% at 7-9H, presenting a pattern in which the farther the distance the less the reduction in windspeeds. The windbreak planting increased crop productivity by up to 6.8 times, compared to the productivity absent of windbreaks. Increases in the crown density as stated above resulted in increases of crop productivity by up to 3.6 times. Based on such results, this study proposed a model of windbreak planning as a typical land-use system of border windbreak planting or alternate windbreak planting of combining trees and income crops. The model also included tree planting with a crown density of 60% and allocation of income crops within a leeward distance of 5 times the height of the trees to reduce windspeeds by about 50%. The results from this study are applicable to practicing agroforestry not only at the study site but also in other regions worldwide where strong winds and aridity are problematic.

몽골 산림농업(Agroforestry) 시업지의 수목생장과 적부성

조현길,박혜미 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회 학술발표회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

춘천시 도시경관의 구조적 변천과 바람직한 경관계획 전략

조현길 강원대학교 조형예술연구소 2005 조형예술논문집 Vol.6 No.-

The first objective of this study is to analyze temporal changes of landscape structures including land uses, land cover types, and landscape patterns for Chuncheon to explore potential impacts on ecological landscape functions. The second objective is to analyze visual problems by landscape type on a micro-scale and to suggest desirable planning strategies of the urban landscape. Developed lands were increased by 2 times for about one generation from 1974 to 1999, while forest and agricultural lands were decreased by 23% and 40%, respectively. Hard surfaces in developed lands were increased by 31% for the time period. Thus, rash urban sprawls and highly dense developments caused reduction of greenspace area both in the suburbs and in the urban core, although urban greenspace is a major agent in maintaining sound ecological functions. The city requires a systematic master plan to determine rational limits for the size and capacity of each land uses. The city also should improve the urban landscape to create the identity as a green city and the amenity of living environments, including not merely spatial organization and skylines but street, residential, stream, and park/greenspace landscapes.

캠퍼스 조경식재의 문제점과 개선방안 연구 : 강원대학교를 대상으로

조현길 강원대학교 조형예술연구소 2007 조형예술연구 논문집 Vol. No.8

The purpose of this study is to analyze problems of campus landscape plantings for Kangwon National University and to explore desirable strategies to improve the problems. The problems and strategies were derived from field survey and questionnaire. Major problems were represented by lack of imageability along main access roads, low landscape diversity and poor sense of the season at building planting-strips, single-layered/spotty plantings and few resting spaces on large grass area, and poor plantings on artificial structures such as parking lots and walls. These problems resulted from a instant, decorative plantings by lay people after the completion of a construction without a landscape master plan by experts. This study suggested landscape planting strategies to improve each problem for access roads, a plaza, building planting-strips, grass spaces, resting places, parking lots, and cut slopes/retaining walls in the campus.

서울 남산 도시자연공원의 대기정화기능과 가치

조현길,조용현,안태원 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 서울시 남산 도시자연공원을 대상으로 식생의 대기 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수능을 계향화하여 대기정화에 기여하는 가치를 구명하였다. 활엽수림이 전체 식생면적의 약 54%를 차지하였고, 수령구조는 유목내지는 성장과저으이 수목들로 우점하였다. 평균 교목밀도와 기저면적은 각각 17.5주/100m², 2,580cm²이었다. 식생유형 및 영급별 단위면적당 대기정화능은 기저면적의 변화와 유관하여 영급이 높을수록 증가하였고, 동일 영급내에선 대체로 침엽수림보다는 온효림이나 활엽수림이 더 컸다. 식생유형 전체의 단위면적당 평균 CO₂저장량은 293.8t/ha이었고, 경제가치는 147백만원/ha이었다. 연간 흡수량은 CO₂ 24.6t/ha/yr, SO₂ 17.1kg/hr/yr및 NO₂ 43.9kg/ha/yr이었고 연간 경제가치는 13백만원/ha/yr이었다. 전체 식생명적은 총 72.100t의 CO₂를 저장하고 있으며, 해마다 CO₂6.040t/yr, SO₂4.200kg/yr, NO₂10.770kg/yr을 흡수하는 것으로 나타났다. 그 전체면적의 경제가치는 CO₂저장 약 361억원, 연간 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수 31억원/yr에 상당하였다. 남산 도시자연공원은 해마다 시민 약 1,100인의 CO₂배출량, 2,800인의 SO₂배출량,1.160인의 NO₂배출량을 각각 상쇄시키는 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 본 연구결과는 도시자연공원의 대기정화 가치를 홍보함은 물론, 보강식재 및 관리의예산확보에 필요한 설득력 있는 기반자료가 될 것으로 기대한다. This study quantified C0₂SO₂and N0₂uptake by vegetation for the Namsan Nature Park in Seoul, and explored values for the park to contribute to atmospheric purification. Broad?leaved forest accounted for about 54% of total forest area, and tree-age structure was dominated by a young; growing tree population. Tree density and basal area averaged 17.5 trees/100㎡ and 2,580c㎡/100㎡, respectively. Atmospheric purification per unit area by forest type and age class was greater in older age classes, associated with changes in basal area, and tended to be greater in broad-leaved or mixed forest than in coniferous forest for the same age classes. Mean CO₂storage per unit area for all the forest types and age classes was 293.8 t/ha and economic value of the CO₂storage was \147millions/ha. Annual uptake averaged 24.6 t/ha/yr for C02' 17.1 kg/ha/yr for 802 and 43.9 kg/ha/yr for N02, and economic value of the annual uptake was W 13millions/ha/yr. Total forest area stored 72,100t of CO₂and annually sequestered 6,040t/yr of CO₂4,200 kg/yr of SO₂and 10,770 kg/yr of NO₂. Economic value of atmospheric purification for the entire area amounted to approximately \ 36,100millions for the CO₂ storage, and \ 3,100millions/yr for the annual CO₂SO₂and NO₂uptake. The park played an important role through annually offsetting CO₂emissions from fossil fuel consumption by 1,100 persons, SO₂emissions by 2,800 persons, and NO₂emissions by 1,160 persons. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public of atmospheric purification values of urban nature parks, but in urging the necessity for replanting and management budgets.

Carbon Storage and Uptake by Street Trees in Seoul

조현길,김진영,박혜미 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.2

This study quantified the carbon storage and uptake by street trees in Seoul and explored suitable planting and management strategies. A systematic sampling model was used to select 50 plots to survey the structures of street trees. The average density and cover of street trees were approximately 5.8 trees/100 m2 and 12.1%, respectively. Trees with a dbh of less than 30 cm accounted for about 66.3% of the total number of trees surveyed. The total carbon storage and uptake by the street trees were approximately 103,641 t and 10,992 t/yr, respectively. The total carbon uptake equaled the amount of annual carbon emissions from driving of about 11,000 cars. Street tree planting and management strategies were proposed to enhance carbon uptake. They included multi-layered and multi-aged planting, securing ground and space for plant growth, and avoiding excessive tree pruning.

Implementation of an Energy Conservative Temperature and Humility Control System Using Carbon Heating Material in the Agro-livestock Field

조현길,이인수 한국정보기술학회 2014 JOURNAL OF ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CON Vol.4 No.2

This study is to produce an energy-conservative temperature and humility control system by means of carbon heating materials. The produced carbon rods heater control system consists of the embedded devices and firmware programs. Additionally, its Android smart app program has been designed as well. The suggested carbon rods heater control system adopts SCR for high-power phase control. The temperature and humidity control device that adopts carbon heating materials developed in this study reduces power consumption as much as 20 to 40% compared to commonly used electrical heating elements.

춘천시 주거지구내 수목피도의 차이가 난냉방에너지 이용 및 비용에 미치는 효과

조현길,안태원 한국조경학회 1999 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

This study quantified shading, evapotranspiration and windspeed-reduction effects of trees on use and cost of heating and cooling energy in two residential neighborhoods of Chuncheon different in tree cover. Annual savings per residence of heating energy were approximately 1,210 MJ(1%) and those of cooling energy, 130 kWh(10%) in study district 1 having tree cover of about 10% . For district 2 with tree cover of about 20%, annual heating and cooling savings were 2,130 MJ(2%) and 180 kWh(19%) per residence, respectively. Trees annually saved energy costs by approximately ￦31,000 ($26, $1=￦1,200) per residence in district 1 and by ￦49,000($41) in district 2. One tree taller than 3 m resulted in annual energy savings of ￦8,000($7) in the study districts. Energy savings by trees in district 2, which had higher tree cover by 10% difference than district 1, were about 2 times greater than those in district 1. This implies that more tree plantings could enhance energy saving effects. Of the total costs saved, 58% was attributed to windspeed reduction and 47%, evapotranspiration. However, shading increased energy costs by 5% due to tree plantings at the wrong locations. Full tree plantings on the west and north of buildings and avoidance of shade-tree plantings of use of solar-friendly trees on the south are recommended to increase building energy savings efficiently.