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김동원(Dong-Won Kim),조규일(Kyu-Il Cho),김현근(Hyun-Keun Kim),강자연(Ja-Youn Kang),이원혁(Won-Hyuk Rhee),황금철(Keum-Cheol Hwang) 한국표면공학회 2008 한국표면공학회지 Vol.41 No.5
The porous metal material is used for injection metal mold with a great deal of gas production because it makes plenty of gas exhausted through pores formed in the metal mold. A canning HIP method was conventionally used for manufacturing of porous metals, but because of difficulty of process control and high cost of production its application was limited. In this experiment, porous metal mold material was produced by an enhanced vacuum sintering method with simply controlled and economical process and porosities/mechanical properties with variation of sintering temperature and duration time during vacuum sintering were studied. As a result, quality goods were obtained at optimized conditions as follows: sintering temperature of 1230℃, duration time of 2 hr and showed superior properties in wear loss and thermal conductivity and the same properties in hardness, TRS (Transverse Rupture Strength), and thermal expansion coefficient in comparison with those under canning HIP.
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김휘동,구혜원,곽문석,김종렬,손병철,문덕환,이종태,조규일,엄상화,정귀옥,전진호,이채언,Kim, Hwi-Dong,Koo, Hye-Won,Kwak, Moon-Suk,Kim, Jong-Ryul,Son, Byung-Chul,Moon, Deog-Hwan,Lee, Jong-Tae,Cho, Kyu-Il,Ohm, Sang-Hwa,Jung, Kui-Oak,Chun, Jin 대한예방의학회 1996 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.29 No.4
This study surveyed and measured the level and structure of cancer deaths and their trends over time for offering the fundamental data of e cancer prevention and control in Pusan city in the future. Authors conducted the study of descriptive epidemiology using materials derived from the computerized data of total 3,722 certified cancer deaths in Pusan city from January 1 to December 31, 1993 registered on the National Statistical Once, the Republic of Korea. The obtained results were as follows: 1. According to the total registered cases of deaths(16,331 cases) in Pusan city during 1993, cancer(3,722 cases) and cerebrovascular disease(2,118 cases) were the first and second cause of deaths as 23.1% and 16.9%, respectively. These pattern showed the change between cancer (14.7%) and cerebrovascular disease(18.5%) in order of frequency in comparison to 1982. Also, the total number of cancer deaths was increased in comparison to 1982. The rate of death certification by physicians was 87.1% of all registered deaths, which was increased to 6.8% in comparison to 1982(80.3%). 2. Crude death rate and cancer specific death rate was 4.06 per 1,000 populations and 93.8 per 100,000 populations(male:117.8, female:70.0), respectively. The former was similar to that of 1982, but the latter was increased to 1.6 times as that of 1982. 3. Age-adjusted cancer specific death rate by standardization with whole country population was 111.9(male:141.5, female:106.7) per 100,000 populations, higher than not age-adjusted cancer specific death rate(93.8), and the sex difference was statistically significant with male predominance (p<0.05). 4. Cancer specific death rate by age was generally increased with age and most of cancer deaths(male:91.8%, female:88.5%) occurred since 40 years old. 5. The major cancer(cancer specific death rate per 100,000 populations) in male was liver(30.6) followed by stomach(25.6), lung(21.9), and GB and EHBD(5.7), in female stomach(15.7), liver(9.9), lung(7.3), and uterus(6.9). The relative frequency of the leading three cancer among total cancer deaths marked 66.3% in male and 47.l% in female, and decreased in comparison to 1982(male:72.2%, female:54.5%). 6. The total ratio of male to female cancer specific death rate showed 1.68 to 1 with male predominance. And the ratio was above 2.0 in larynx, oral cavity & pharynx, esophagus, liver, lung, bladder cancer and the ratio was $1.0\sim1.9$ in stomach, pancreas, gall bladder and EHBD, brain, rectum and anus cancer, leukemia, but the ratio was reversed in thyroid and colon cancer. In conclusion, cancer was the first cause of deaths. The proportion of lung cancer was increased, that of stomach & uterine cancer was decreased relatively, and liver cancer was constantly higher proportion. In the future, it is necessary to conduct the further investigations on the cancer risk factors considering areal specificity.
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PET 기판 위에 SiO₂ 버퍼층 증착에 따른 ITO 박막의 부착 및 전기적 광학적 특성 연구
강자연(Ja-youn Kang),김동원(Dong-won Kim),조규일(Dong-won Kim),우병일(Byung-il Woo),윤환준(Hwan-jun Yun) 한국표면공학회 2009 한국표면공학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Using an evaporation system, SiO₂ was deposited as a buffer layer between a PET substrate and a ITO layer and then ITO/SiO₂/PET layers were annealed for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 180℃. Adhesion and electro-optical properties of ITO films were studied with thickness variance of a SiO₂ buffer layer. As a result of introduction of the SiO₂ buffer layer, sheet resistance and resistivity increased and a ITO film with optimum sheet resistance ( 529.3 Ω/square) for an upper ITO film of resistive type touch panel could be obtained when SiO₂ of 50 A was deposited. And it was found that ITO films with SiO₂ buffer layer have higher transmittance of 88~90% at 550 ㎚ wavelength than ITO films with no buffer layers and the transmittance was enhanced as SiO₂ thickness increased from 50 A to 100 A. Adhesion property of ITO films with SiO₂ buffer layers became better than ITO films with no buffer layers and this property was independent of SiO₂ thickness variance (50~100 A). By depositing a SiO₂ buffer layer of 50 A on the PET substrate and sputtering a ITO thin film on the layer, a ITO film with enhanced adhesion, electro-optical properties could be obtained.
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