부본선 건설을 위한 기존 지하철 터널의 운영 중 확폭 방안에 대한 기초연구

이효범,고성일,전종훈,윤희택,이나현,최항석,Lee, Hyobum,Koh, Sung-Yil,Jun, Jonghun,Yoon, Hee Taek,Yi, Na Hyun,Choi, Hangseok 한국터널지하공간학회 2020 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.22 No.1

지속적인 수도권 교통 인프라 수요의 증가에 따른 광역·도시철도 노선의 급행화를 위해서는 완행과 급행철도를 동시에 운영할 수 있도록 하는 부본선의 건설이 요구된다. 그러나 기존 지하철 노선의 운행을 중단한 후 부본선을 건설하는 것은 많은 경제적 손실을 발생시키므로 기존 지하철 터널의 운영 중 확폭 방안에 대한 연구가 필수적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존 노선 급행화에 필요한 부본선 건설을 위해 기존 지하철 터널의 운영 중 확폭 방안에 대한 기초연구를 수행하였다. 기존선 운영 중 부본선 건설방안 모색을 위해 지하철 4호선 과천선의 정부과천청사역을 부본선 건설 가상 역사로 선정하고, 4가지 방안의 구간별 단면 및 공법계획을 검토하였으며, 해당 역사에 대하여 부본선을 시공하였을 경우 시공성·경제성에 비해 상대적으로 안정성이 우려된다고 판단되는 방안을 선정하여 부본선 시공과정을 고려한 3차원 수치해석을 통한 안정성 검토를 수행하였다. As a continuous increase in demand for the transportation infrastructure in the metropolitan area, the renovation of existing metropolitan and urban railway lines for the rapid transport system requires the construction of sidetrack that can operate local and express trains simultaneously. However, the construction of sidetrack after stopping the operation of the existing subway line causes a lot of economic losses, therefore it is essential to study the tunnel enlargement scheme during the operation of the existing subway tunnel. Accordingly, in this paper, basic research on the enlargement plan of the existing subway tunnel was carried out for the renovation of the existing subway line. In order to investigate the method for the sidetrack construction, the Government Complex Gwacheon station on the Gwacheon line of subway line 4 was selected as a virtual research station. Subsequently, four construction plans including tunnel cross-sectional plan for each section were reviewed and constructability and economic feasibility were compared. Finally, the stability assessment was conducted for the selected construction plan which was considered to be relatively unstable by 3-D full numerical analysis considering the sidetrack construction process.

중족부에 발생한 다발성 악성 말초 신경초 종양 1예: 증례 보고

이효범,김갑래,김동현,Lee, Hyobeom,Kim, Gab-Lae,Kim, Donghyeon 대한족부족관절학회 2020 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) usually arise in soft tissues; they are rarely found in the bone. This paper reports a case of MPNST in the foot and ankle joint involving the distal tibia, talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial intermediate, and lateral cuneiform, cuboid, and 2nd to 4th metatarsal bone. Palliative treatment was performed. The authors encountered a patient with intraosseous MPNST of the midfoot who presented with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. This case shows that a high index of suspicion and a histopathology examination, including immunohistochemistry, will be necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

거골하관절 불안정성이 족관절 불안정성을 치료하는 데 중요한 요소로 작용할까?

이효범,김갑래,김동현,Lee, Hyobeom,Kim, Gab-Lae,Kim, Donghyeon 대한족부족관절학회 2021 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Subtalar joint instability (STI) is one of the causes of persistent hindfoot pain even after treatment for ankle instability. Diagnosis of STI is often neglected because it is a poorly understood concept. However, understanding of the anatomy and injury mechanism of the subtalar joint is a prerequisite of appropriate treatment. Patients with STI usually complain of several symptoms, such as recurrent sprains or a giving way sensation and rolling over. Recently, various diagnostic tools and treatment methods have been investigated. This study was undertaken with the aim of helping clinicians by providing a comprehensive understanding of STI.

Growth characteristics and fl owering initiation of Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’ as aff ected by the daily light integral

이효범,Ju-Hee Lee,안성광,Ji Hyun Park,Ki Sun Kim 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.5

This study was conducted to determine the eff ects of daily light integral (DLI) levels with diff erent photoperiods and lightintensities on the growth and fl owering initiation of Phalaenopsis plants. Five-month-old Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’plants were treated with combinations of three photoperiods [8/16 (day/night, short day, SD), 12/12 (medium day,MD), and 16/8 h (long day, LD)] and three light intensities in the range of photosynthetically active radiation of 50, 100, and200 μmol·m −2 ·s −1 , resulting in DLI levels ranging from 1.44 to 11.52 mol·m −2 ·d −1 with warm-white LEDs at 28°C duringthe vegetative period. Additionally, 12-month-old plants were treated with combinations of three photoperiods [8/16 (day/night, SD), 8 + 8/8 (day-extension (DE); an extension with 10 μmol·m −2 ·s −1 for 8 h right after the SD), and 16/8 h (LD)] andthree light intensities (75, 150, and 300 μmol·m −2 ·s −1 ), resulting in DLI levels ranging from 2.16 to 17.28 mol·m −2 ·d −1 , at20°C during the forcing period for fl owering. During the vegetative period, plants showed a tendency of overgrowth in leaves,via the formation of long and narrow leaves, as the light intensity decreased, irrespective of the photoperiod. The number ofnew leaves, total leaf area, and shoot and root dry weights increased with increasing photoperiod and light intensity, implyingan increase in the amount of light energy. During the forcing period, photoperiodic eff ects on fl owering initiation werenot observed, while increasing the light intensity increased the number of infl orescences and accelerated spiking. The DLIshowed higher correlation coeffi cients with growth and fl owering initiation characteristics than those of the photoperiodor light intensity alone. New leaf emergence, biomass accumulation, and spiking were enhanced as DLI levels increased,although these positive eff ects were gradually saturated. These fi ndings indicated that the DLI is a major factor in the growthand fl owering initiation of Phalaenopsis plants and increasing DLI levels can promote growth or fl owering initiation of theseplants. These fi ndings will be useful in controlling light conditions to maximize the growth rate and shorten the cultivationtime in Phalaenopsis cultivation.

불교의 인간론

이효범(Lee, Hyo-Bum)(李孝範) 공주대학교 동양학연구소 1994 초자연현상연구 Vol.2 No.-

불교의 인간론은 무아설로 집약된다. 이것을 구조적 측면에서 설명하면 오온설이 되고, 발생적 측면에서 설명하면 연기설이 된다. 무아설에 의하면 어떤 것을 나의 것 혹은 나의 소유라고 생각한다면 잘못이다. 붓다는 무아설에 의해서 진실한 실천적인 목표를 달성하려고 하였다. 즉 외적 혹은 구체적으로 파악되는 어떤 것에 대한 집착이나 번뇌를 끊고 온화함을 획득한 위대한 사람이 되라는 것이다. Buddha rejected the view of a man as a construction from material particulars. He also rejected the view of a man as a eternal self(atman). There is not such a thing as a ‘self’, but five aggregates of processes. There is not an unchangeable thing belongs to me, but a result of twelve causal relations. The false belief in a ‘self’, or a ‘substance’ is the cause of all sufferings. But Buddha did not deny explicitly a ‘self’. The metaphysical dispute like whether real self exists or not, he thought, interrupted the Self-realization. He claimed that mental and material elements or functions which constituted a empirical individual were not a real self. They are changed, so they can not be a eternal self. If we could get rid of our selves, we would be perfectly happy. By this doctrine of ‘not-self’, Buddha alms an entirely new attitude to life. As a Buddhist, man must learn to behave as if there were no ego. We must awake and live like Buddha.

AIMS 시스템에서 플로우 이동성 기법의 설계와 검증

이성근(Sung-kuen Lee),이경희(Kyoung-Hee Lee),민성기(Sung-Gi Min),이효범(Hyo-Beom Lee),이현우(Hyun-Woo Lee),한연희(Youn-Hee Han) 한국통신학회 2011 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.36 No.7

공팽창이론을 통한 CGS 공법의 구근크기 평가 연구

이효범(Lee, Hyobum),정현석(Jung, Hyun-Seok),서석현(Seo, Seok-Hyun),최항석(Choi, Hangseok) 대한토목학회 2017 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

쏘일 컨디셔닝에 의해 개선된 굴착토 물성 평가를 위한 실내 베인시험 장비 개발

이효범(Lee, Hyobum),곽준호(Kwak, Junho),황병현(Hwang, Byeonghyun),최항석(Choi, Hangseok) 한국지반신소재학회 2022 한국지반신소재학회 학술발표회 Vol.2022 No.11

마음의 구조

이효범(Hyo-bum, Lee) 공주대학교 동양학연구소 1993 초자연현상연구 Vol.1 No.-

Consciousness is examined by a diverse group of disciplines-philosophy, psychology, and the religious and spiritual traditions-but it is not unequivocally defined. In this view, I try to integrate of all important theories and to represent geographical space to minds. According to eliminativism, there is no mind in the space, but Descartes defended the existence of mind. Max Scheler and Jaegwon Kim developed the Cartesian dualism. Huston Smith gives us a cognitive map which defines and brings in relationship to each other the essential parameters of any experience of reality. Sigmund Freud stipulates three interdependent aggregate states of consciousness : conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. C. G. Jung’s most distinctive contribution to depth psychology is the analysis of the collective unconscious. Ken Wilber has developed representation and cognitive mapping of a universal view of the nature of human consciousness, integrating both Eastern and Western models in a bold way. Swami Rama is not only interested in the representation of Yoga psychology as an intelletual system of under standing, but he is also concerned with the development of personal growth through yogic disciplines and with the achievement and embodiment of higher consciousness. Charles Tart is inspired by the systems approach and uses the metaphor of “computer processing” to help account for the construction of consciousness and awareness. In Edmund Husserl’s program, conscious experiences are to be carefully described and reflected upon so as to reveal their essential characteristics, their “essential structures of meaning.” I close this paper with Rolf von Eckartsberg’s view that integrates of theories. He uses the heursitic cognitive space of the pyramid space.

합천지역 하천의 유역규모별 토지이용과 수질항목 간 상관관계 분석

이효범 ( Hyo-beom Lee ),이경훈 ( Kyoung-hoon Rhee ),원광재 ( Kwang-jai Won ),문병석 ( Byoung-seok Moon ) 한국환경기술학회 2018 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구에서는 합천군에 위치한 지방하천 가야천과 소하천 16개소에 대한 토지이용 특성과 하천별 수질변화를 검토하였다. 토지이용 및 수질에 대한 검토 자료를 이용하여 수질 항목간 상관관계 분석과 토지이용 점유율에 따른 수질 항목간의 상관분석을 통하여 중소규모 하천의 유역관리를 위한 의사결정 과정의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 수질항목 간 상관도의 경우, 면적 100 ㎢ 이상인 지방하천 가야천 유역에서 +0.8 이상으로 높았던 반면, 소유역에서는 BOD5 기준의 COD 와 T-N 상관도를 제외하곤 비교적 약하게 나타났다. 토지 이용 점유율과 수질항목간 상관도의 경우, 유역규모가 100 ㎢ 이상인 지방하천 가야천 유역에서 논·밭 -0.9 이상, 그리고 시가지·임야 +0.8 이상으로 높았으며, 10 ㎢ 이하 소하천 유역에선 지역별로 가야천 유역보다 상대적으로 약하고 다양한 분포특성을 보여주었다. 소규모 하천의 경우, 오염원의 유입통제가 어렵고 산재한 비점오염원이 하천으로 직접 유입되어, 보다 큰 규모 하천에 비해 오염의 희석효과가 낮아 외부요인 즉 토지이용 이외의 다양한 변수에 의한 수질변화 때문에, 다양한 상관관계 경향을 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. This study investigats the characteristics of land use and the change of water qualities about Gayacheon River and 16 small rivers located in Hapcheon. The purpose of the presents study is to provide a basic data for the decision - making process of watershed management of small and medium - sized rivers through correlation between land use and water qualities. Gayacheon River with a drainage area greater than 100 km² shows +0.8 for a correlation between different water qualities. On the other hand, the small rivers show the low correlation except for the T-N correlation based on BOD₅ and COD. Also, Gayacheon River represented as the large basin in the study show -0.9 with the correlation between land use and water qualities, and the river basins for the medium size present more than +0.8 for the correlation. Small river basins with a drainage area smaller than 10 km² show the low correlation and different distribution characteristics. This is because it is difficult for the small basins to control water contamination of a non-point source and to dilute contaminated water derived from different conditions including the land use and the water quality change. These differences create the various correlations.