낙동강에서 유기오염 및 SS 농도 변화에 따른 DOC 농도 변화의 특성

이규열 ( Kyu Yeol Lee ),김주언 ( Ju Eon Kim ),이권철 ( Kwon Chul Lee ),이경락 ( Kyung Lak Lee ),이인정 ( In Jung Lee ),임태효 ( Tea Hyo Im ) 한국물환경학회 2013 한국물환경학회지 Vol.29 No.4

Temporal increase of SS induces concentrations in various forms of organic matter including BOD, COD, TOC. Consequently, it causes hard to identify sources of water pollution during or after precipitation. The objective of this study is to investigate variations of DOC concentration caused by increase of flow and changes of external factors in river by comparing to SS concentration. In results, monitoring sites (e.g., Banbyeonchen) consisting of hard riverbed showed high correlation between SS and organic matters, except BOD. On the contrary, other sites (e.g., Naesungcheon) where riverbed consists of sand were found in a wide range of annual fluctuation in SS level, whereas these sites showed a narrow range in annual DOC fluctuation. In Gumhogang and Namgang, a lower correlation between SS and other factors was found most likely because of high concentration in organic matter. However, lower annual fluctuation values of DOC were observed in comparison to those of COD and TOC. Similar results were also confirmed in main river sites, Sangju and Mulgeum. In conclusion, DOC concentration is better indicator for monitoring organic matter which cannot be provided by BOD, COD, TOC in the Nakdong river basin.

비선택성 제초제 Glufosinate-ammonium 오용이 사과나무의 품종별 생육반응 및 수확에 미치는 영향

이인용(In-Yong Lee),박용석(Yong Seog Park),김성민(Sung Min Kim),강철아(Cheol Ah Kang),전병철(Byeong Chul Chun),박재읍(Jae-Eup Park) 韓國雜草學會 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.30 No.4

비선택성 제초제인 글루포시네이트암모늄액제를 농작업자의 오판에 의한 오용으로 사과나무에 직접 살포된 경우 품종별, 수령별로 나타나는 약해반응과 수확에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 사과나무 품종에 따라 약해정도가 다르게 나타났다. 약제살포 당해연도에는 산사 > 쓰가루 > 홍로 > 후지 순으로, 약제살포 다음해에는 후지 > 쓰가루 > 홍로 > 산사 순으로 피해가 나타났으나, 그 피해정도는 당년에 비해 경미하였다. 이듬해, 후지에서는 꽃과 착과정도에서만 30%정도 감소하였으나 쓰가루, 홍로, 산사에서는 개화상태, 착과율 등에서 전혀 피해증상이 관찰되지 않았다. 약해를 받은 당년에 조생종 쓰가루와 중만생종후지 대상으로 각각 수확기 10일전에 사과 중 잔류량을 검사한 결과, 잔류량은 검출한계(0.04ppm) 미만이었다. 그리고 오용 2년 후(2009년)에는 후지, 쓰가루, 홍로, 산사 모두에서 약해증상이 나타나지 않았다. This study was conducted to investigate the phytotoxic reaction and the impact on the growth of apple fruit included the yield amount by misuse of non-selective herbicide, glufosinate-ammonium in apple field and for the study, 4 cultivars of apple were tested. The results showed that the highest phytotoxic degree was observed on Sansa-cultivar and then the degree was diminished on Tsugaru, Hongro and Fuji in order in the application year. In one year after application, the highest phytotoxic degree was showed on Fuji and then diminished on Tsugaru, Hongro and Sansa in order. However, in one year after application, the phytotoxic symptom was negligible in comparison with the degree in the year of application and the flowering and fruiting were reduced 30% only in Fuji, but in the other cultivars, the phytotoxic symptoms were not observed. Meanwhile, the residue of glufosinate-ammonium was below the detection limit as 0.04ppm in all tested cultivars and in 2years after application, the phytotoxic symptom was not observed in all cultivars of the apple.

<로미오와 줄리엣>의 드라마투르기적 분석 및 공연분석 -셰익스피어의 드라마와 오태석의 공연-

이인순 ( In Soon Lee ) 한국연극학회 2010 한국연극학 Vol.0 No.40

Um die Jahrhundertwende des 20. Jahrhunderts besinnt sich Theater als ein Kunstwerk auf seine eigene Realitat, Korper, Raum und Zeit. Die Existenzweise des Theaterkunstwerks ist Auffuhrung. Die Kennzeichen der Auffuhrung ist Transitorik, Unmittelbarkeit und Ereignishaftigkeit. Auffuhrungsanalyse der Theaterwissenschaft als Disziplin wird lange Zeit vernachlassigt, weil Auffuhrung ein Opfer der Zeit ist. Angesichts der Aufuhrungsanalyse muß man eine Invariante zur Verfugung stellen, um einen Gegenstand zu analysieren. Die Inszenierung als asthetischer Gegenstand ist einmalig und unwiederbringlich. Das Buhnengeschehen ist materielle Realitat, die von dem Zuschauer sinnlich - optisch und akustisch - erfahren wird. Die Inszenierung realisiert sich in `drei Buhnengestalten`: `Intendierte Buhnengestalt`, `realen Buhnengestalt` und `vermeinte Buhnengestalt`. Die Auffuhrung konkretisiert sich im Kopf des Zuschauers nicht als eine reale Buhnengestalt, sondern als ein `asthetisches Objekt`, `als Abdruck der Buhnenvorgange`. Der Platz des Auffuhrungsanalytikers ist der des Zuschauers, des Rezipienten. Die asthetische Buhnengestalt ist eine Rekonstruktion der selektiven wahrgenommenden Auffuhrung, die der `realen Buhnengestalt` ahnelt. Diese Rekonstruktion als neue Schopfung des Rezipienten ist "Simulacrum", das der dem Objekt hinzugefugte Intellekt ist. Der Begriff der Auffuhrungsanalyse wird Synonym fur die Interpretation als hermeneutischer Prozeß. Fur die Methode der Auffuhrungsanalyse gibt es Strukturanalyse und Transformationsanalyse. Strukturanalyse geht ausschließlich von der Auffuhrung aus. Transformationsanalyse geht von der Transformation des Textes aus. Fur diese Arbeit steht dramaturgische Analyse von Shakespeares Romeo und Julia als erste Grundlage. Die Handlungsentwicklung von Romeo und Julia ist klar in `funf Akte` eingeteilt, die insgesamt aus 24 Szenen bestehen. Die Gesamthandlung von Romeo und Julia baut sich pyramidenformig nach dem Schema der steigenden und fallenden Handlung auf: Exposition/ Ausgangssituation (bis zur ersten Begegnung des Liebespaares auf dem Fest), erregendes Moment als Steigerung (von der Verliebtheit bis zur Eheschließung), Wendepunkt/ Peripetie (Mercutios Tod), retardierendes Moment (Julias Scheintod) und Katastrophe (Vereinigung im Grabe). Die Handlung des Stuckes gliedert sich in eine Haupt- und eine Nebenhandlung: dominierend ist die Liebeshandlung zwischen Romeo und Julia, daneben steht die Entwicklung der Fehde zwischen den Familien von Montague und Capulet; sie sind `sich gegenseitig bedingend, steigernd, hemmend und vernichtend`. Parallelisierung und Kontrast der Figurenkonstellation werden in den jeweils sozial oder im Alter entsprechenden Figuren aus den beiden verfeindeten Familien gezeigt. Die Thematik des Stuckes kommt in dem Oxymoron "loving hate" (I.1.175) zum Ausdruck. Shakespeare lasst die Liebeshandlung von Romeo und Julia in der Art der de casibus-Tragodie spielen; deren Handlungsmuster ist `dargestellt im Rad der Fortuna, das einen Menschen emportragt und wieder absturzen lasst`. Das Stuck Romeo und Julia ist eine experimentelle Tragodie. Es beginnt als Komodie mit Zugen einer Romanze, die sich aus dem Motiv der privaten Liebe und Heirat entwickelt. Pater Lorenzo und die Amme treten mit Lorenzos Wissen von der magischen Kraft der Krauter und der Geschwatzigkeit der Amme haufig in der Komodie auf. Die Handlung von Romeo und Julia erreicht mit Mercutios Tod den Wendepunkt, der die komische Welt zur tragischen umwandelt. Fur die Sprache gibt es Prosa der Diener wie die Alltagssprache der einfachen Leute und zugleich Verse der Adeligen. Shakespeare verwendet eine kontrastreiche Metaphorik fur Raum und Zeit. Dreimal geschehen am Tag die Kampfe der verfeindeten Familien auf den offentlichen Platzen. Der Tag wirft ein Licht auf den Hass und die Gewalt. Die Nacht aber ist die Sphare der Liebe, wo Romeo und Julia ihre heimliche Verbindung verborgen halten konnen. Die Liebenden treffen sich in der Nacht und in dem ummauerten Raum. Oh, Tae-Suks "Romeo und Julia" wird in der Form des Madangguks gestaltet. Die Handlung in Oh, Tae- Suks Textfassung ist also nicht nach dem Prinzip der Kausalitat und Folgerichtigkeit zu lesen wie im Shakespeare-Drama. Wegen dem Ignorieren der Kausalitat des Handlungsablaufes und dem Fehlen der Motivation der Handlung ergibt sich hier keine individuelle psychologische Figurencharakterisierung. Die Figuren sind typisiert. Die koreanische Textfassung mit den extremen textlichen Verkurzungen und den zwei szenischen Hinzufugungen pragt die Inszenierung dahingehend, dass an die Stelle der Wortsprache mehr Korpersprache und szenische Bilder treten. Die langen Sprechpartien der Figuren im Shakespeare-Drama werden meistens gekurzt und beschranken sich entweder auf Informationen uber die Situation oder zur Handlungsentwicklung. Und der Handlungsablauf erfolgt in Episoden sowie Musik, Lied und Tanz; Musik, Lied und Tanz dienen einerseits dem Ubergang der Szenen, sind aber andererseits auch selbst Teil des Handlungsablaufs. Wahrend Shakespeare die Sprache der Worter in den Vordergrund ruckt, stutzt Oh, Tae-Suk sich mehr auf die Sprache des Korpers, die ja zugleich bildhaft ist. Dafur nimmt die Inszenierung Tanz und Lieder. Oh, Tae-Suks Inszenierung entwirft Shakespeares Tragodie in der Form des Madangguks als Spiel und zugleich als erkennentnisorientiertes, nachdenkliches Theater fur den koreanischen Zuschauer, das dem traditionellen koreanischen Theater als Unterhaltungstheater nicht moglich ist, in dem sich das Volk von der Wirklichkeit erleichterte und sich vergnugte. Oh, Tae-Suk formt das Publikum zum `Wir` und zugleich zum `Ich`. Mit dem Zusammensein der vollig andernen Theaterkulturen schafft der Reigisseur das hybride Theater und dadurch bildet fur die moderne koreanische Gesellschaft eine neue kulturelle Identitat heraus.

Unit Dose Drug Distribution System의 도입을 통한 투약시스템의 질 향상 평가

이인향,이순실,이병구,최원자,홍성선,Lee, In Hyang,Lee, Soonsil,Lee, Byung Koo,Choi, Won Ja,Hong, Sung Sun 한국의료질향상학회 2001 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Background : A study comparing unit dose drug distribution system(UDS) versus traditional drug distribution system(TDS) was conducted in Seoul National University Hospital. The objectives of this study were to identify safer drug distribution system and to measure the efficiency of both systems in utilizing nursing and pharmacist's time. Methods : The study was designed to compare the data on medication errors, nursing time and pharmacists' time before and after implementation of the UDS in the internal medicine and otorhinolaryngology care units. The data on actual medications administered to patients were obtained by a disguised observer during the study period. The data collected were then compared with the physicians' orders to determine the rate of medication errors. In addition, using ten-minute interval work-sampling method nursing and pharmacists' time were measured. Results : About 6% of medications were administered incorrectly in the TDS, in comparison to 1.6% in the UDS. The rate of medication error decreased significantly in the UDS compared with the TDS. Mean times spent on medication-related activities by nurses were 34.1% in the TDS and 28.5% in the UDS. In the internal medicine care unit, nursing time associated with medications decreased significantly after the implementation of the UDS, but the reduction in medication-related nursing time in the otorhinolaryngology care unit was not significant. Pharmacist's medication-related work activities, increased from 2% in the TDS to 20% in the UDS. Pharmacist's time spent on therapy-related activities increased significantly. Conclusion : The rate of medication errors in the UDS decreased significantly compared with the TDS. Time spent on medication-related activities decreased for nurses while it increased for pharmacists. In summary, the UDS was estimated to be safer and to utilize of pharmacists' and nursing time more efficiently than the TDS.

1980년대 한국 현대도예 작품연구

이인진(Lee, in - chin),김진아(Kim, jin - ah) 한국조형디자인학회 2009 조형디자인연구 Vol.12 No.4

In 1980s, progressive, experimental, and creative ceramic art rapidly grew up owing to the development of technology and the increase of ceramic art population. Therefore, this paper purported to examine the inside of the modern ceramic art, differently from the existing efforts of having described only the external circumstances of the modern ceramic art, and further, it attempted to prepare systematic theoretical foundations for the modern ceramic art. The subject of this study is the works that were made and released through private exhibitions in 1980s, and craftsmen’s works, which reproduced Goryeo celadon porcelains, white porcelains, and grayish-blue-powdered porcelains, were excluded from the subject of this study. experts’interpretations of the works, it tried to infer the tendency of the works of the modern ceramic art in that period. Therefore, this paper examined Korean modern ceramic art in 1980s in three parts. That is, in the first chapter, it simply examined the circumstances of Korean modern art and ceramic art in that period, and in the second chapter, it examined the characteristics of Korean modern ceramic art in 1980s, together with the tendency of the works. In the last chapter, it studied more in detail about the characteristics and the meanings in the works in that period

북한의 시장화와 가족윤리의 변화

이인정 ( Lee In-jeong ) 한국윤리교육학회 2019 윤리교육연구 Vol.0 No.51

북한이 경험한 사회주의 고난의 행군과 사적 경제 활동의 증가로 오늘날 북한에는 400여 개 이상의 공식시장이 생겨났다. 북한의 시장화는 주민생활과 가치관에 있어서 다양한 변화를 초래하는 배경이 되고 있다. 시장의 확산과 함께 새 세대 청년들의 개방화와 물질주의적 경향이 늘어나고 결혼과 가족윤리에 있어서도 변화가 생기고 있다. 북한의 부부 및 친족 윤리에 있어서 기존 관습과 성역할에 대한 비판적 성찰이 생겨나고, 가사와 자녀 교육에 있어서 분담 의식도 늘어나고 있다. 북한 사회에도 저출산 경향과 소자녀관 추세가 확대되면서, 인구문제에 대한 당국의 관심 역시 늘어나고 있다. 이중적 가치의 양상을 보이면서 생겨나고 있는 북한의 변화는 남북 주민 간 상호 유사성을 높이는 긍정적 측면도 존재한다. Due to the March of Socialist Suffering experienced by North Korea and the increase in private economic activities, more than 400 official markets have emerged in North Korea today. The marketization of North Korea has become a background that causes various changes in the lives and values of residents. With the spread of the market, there has been an increase in the openness and materialist tendencies of new generation young people in North Korea and changes in marriage and family ethics. In the ethics of married couples and relatives in North Korea, critical reflection on existing customs and gender roles is being created, and awareness of sharing of household chores and child education is also increasing. North Korean society is also expanding with the tendency of low birth rate, and North Korean authorities' interest in population issues is also increasing. The change in North Korea that is emerging in the aspects of dual values has positive aspects that enhance the similarity between the two Koreas.

대전광역시 지역 노인의 주관적 동통 행태 조사

이인학(In Hak Lee),문덕흥(Duk Heung Moon) 한국노인복지학회 2001 노인복지연구 Vol.13 No.-

The present study was intended to provide the fundamental data, available in the field of the elderly health care, from the analysis of the actual conditions of pains among the el r)y in terms of their sociodemographic and life styles. The interviews, performed during the two-month period from June to July of 2000, included 635 individuals aged over 65 who live in Daejeon metropolitan city and contained information about the nature, location, severity, and frequency of their pains. The collected data were statistically processed using SPSSWIN(ver 10.0) according to the subjects` sociodemographic, psychological factors and various life styles. 1. In terms of subjective perception of pain, 76.9% of subjects had pain. Significantly higher pain rate of 86.3% were noticed in women than 64.7% in men (p=0.000), but significant difference was not found among age groups. According to the living conditions, pain rates were 88.4% in older persons living alone, followed in a decreasing order of frequency by 73.9% in those living at their homes, and 72.1% in those in nursing homes, with significant statistical difference (p=0.001). Higher level of education was related with significantly lower rate of pain(p=0.000) and significantly higher rate was found in those without spouses(82.8%) than with spouses(68.2.%) in terms of spouse status(p=0.000). 2. Based on classifications of pain severity, 31.8%, the most frequent, were mild and it was followed in a decreasing order of frequency by 29.7% f certain pain, 25.2% of severe pain, 11.3% of very severe pain, and 2.0% unbearable pain. The pain perception was more severe in women than in men, older aged groups than in younger ones, those living alone and in nursing homes than in those living at their homes. Greater severity was also found in those with lower level of education and without spouses than in their respective counterparts. 3. Based on psychological factors, greater severity was found in the groups who are dissatisfied with the present life situation, who have weak-willed in life, who have sense of isolation, and who have considered themselves as unhealthy than in their respective counterparts. On the basis of various life styles, greater severity was also revealed in the groups who don`t have go-outs, who smoke, who don`t drink, don`t exercise, and who are obese than in their respective counterparts. 4. Based on location of pain, greater severity was reported in the back, lower e extremities, and multiple sites than elsewhere. 5. Based on the subjective nature of pain, the 29.9%, the most frequent, of subjects described their pain as “pulling”, 26.0% “tingling”, 24.0% “heavy”, and 20.1% “throbbing”, with sexual difference. 6. The group who reported more severe pain had the higher rate of access to medical service and also had the higher rate of demand for medical service than the group who did not.

산지초지 개량전과 후의 채식초류 이용에 관한 연구

이인덕 ( In Duk Lee ) 한국축산학회 1989 한국축산학회지 Vol.31 No.7

Monthly changes in botanical composition, preference index, dry matter(DM) production, DM intake, chemical composition, in uitro DM digestibility(IVDMD), herbage utilization percentage, and chewing efficiency of dietary herbage samples from sheep fitted esophageal fistula and fecal collection bag were compared between native and improved grasslands. Experimental field was situated in Chungnam National University, Daejon and treated by one plot design from July, 1987 to July, 1989. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, and Phragmites communis dominated and the botanical composition of the plants summed up to 68∼86% on native grassland and Dactylis glomerata dominated and summed up to 54∼68% on improved grassland. The botanical composition of annuals such as Setaria viridis and Digitaria sanguninalis slightly increased on native grassland during the summer, but on improved grassland the composition of Festuca arundinacea and Trifolium repens relatively increased. The botanical composition of highly preferred native species on native grassland markedly decreased than forage species on improved grassland as the season progressed. 2. Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, and Phragmites communis were less preferred native species and Carex lanceolata, Carex siderosticta, Festuca ouina, and Commelina communis were unpalatable species in all season, while Digitaria sanguinalis, Setaria uiridis, Erigeron canadensis, Rubus crataegifolius, Lespedeza bicolor, and Robinia pseudo-acasia were highly preferred among native grassland vegetation. Forage species on improved grassland generally were preferred than native species and there was no difference in preference indices among improved grassland vegetations. Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne were the highly preferred species. 3. The highest plant height and leaf area index(LAI) on native grassland were observed in July and August on native grassland, but those on improved grassland was obtained in May and June. Average plant height and LAI on improved grassland were markedly higher than those on native grassland(p $lt;0.01). 4. About 58.8% of annual DM production(3295kg/ha) on native grassland was produced during the summer (July and August), while about 65.7% of annual DM production(0449kg/ha) on improved grassland was produced during the spring(April, May and June). Total DM production on improved grassland was markedly higher than the DM production on native grassland(p $lt;0.01). The maximum DM production per day on native grassland was observed in July(34.6kg/ha/day), while on improved grassland was observed in May(100.4kg/ha/day). Averaged DM production per day on improved grassland was about 45.6kg per ha, while that on native grassland was about 15.1kg per ha(p $lt;0.01). 5. Fodder value on improved grassland was about 7.08 in average, while the value on native grassland was about 3.08 in average(p $lt;0.01). 6. The percentage of herbage utilization on native grassland was about 56.5% in average, while the percentage on improved grassland was about 78.1% in average(p $lt;0.01). 7. Grazing capacity on native grassland was about 121 cow-day per ha in average, while the capacity on improved grassland was about 544 cow-day per ha(p $lt;0.01). 8. Contents of crude protein(CP), crude ash(CA) and IVDMD of collected herbage samples from esophageal fistulated sheep grazed on both native and improved grasslands were higher than those of offered and residued herbage samples, While the contents of crude fiber(CF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) of collected herbage samples were lower than those of offered and residued samples(p $lt;0.01). 9. Contents of CP and IVDMD of herbage samples on improved grassland were higher than those on native grassland, while contents of CF, NDF and ADF were lower than those on native grassland(p $lt;0.01). Contents of CP and IVDMD of herbage samples on native grassland

도시지역 노인들의 도구적 일상생활 수행능력(IADL)에 영향을 미치는 요인

이인학,문성기,김근조,박재영,Lee in hak,Moon Seng ki,Kim kun joo,Park Jae-Young 대한물리치료학회 2002 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.14 No.3

This study was intended to find out the factors affecting to the IADL, allowing objective assessment of physical function status of increasing elderly populations. The subjects of 635 elderly persons aged over 65 years old who live in Taejon metropolitan city were interviewed during the two-month period from June to July of 2000. The IADL of Older American Resources and Services(OARS), developed in Duke medical college of USA, was interpreted for use. The study results were statistically processed using SPSSWIN(ver 10.0) and conferred the following results: 1. Among the seven items of IADL, the women showed higher rates of 'yes' in items about using the telephone, getting to the places out of walking distance, going shopping for groceries, taking their own medicine while outnumbered by the men only in the item about managing their own money, without significant differences between them in items about preparing their own meals and doing their own housework. 2. In terms of IADL scores, $82.0\%$ of subjects showed the normal range of scores and $18.0\%$ were under the normal range, meaning dysfunction IADL. Specifications of general characteristics revealed that more dysfunctional were the male subjects, the higher age groups who are more than 75 years old, the higher educated groups, the groups who live in nursing homes, the groups without a spouse. 3. Based on daily activities, lower scores of IADL were found in the subjects who don't go out, who don't have recreational activities, who don't attend elderly gatherings in their neighborhood, who don't hold social meetings. Specifications of psychological traits revealed that more dysfunctional were IADL in the subjects who don't feel satisfied with their lives of the past or the present, who have a deep feeling of isolation, and who don't have the will to live. 4. Among 7 items of health habits, only the subjects who don't regular exercise had lower scores of IADL than those who do. According to HPI, the lower HPI, the more dysfunctional. 5. Based on the factors associated with IADL, the odds ratio of the subjects who don't live together with their families were 1.53 times that of the ones who do, who are educated 3.22 times that of the ones who are not, who don't have spouses 2.09 times that of the ones who do, who don't go out 4.35 times that of the ones who frequently go out, who don't recreational activities for an interest 2.64 times that of the ones who do, who don't attend elderly gatherings in their neighborhood 1.47 times that of the ones who do, who don't hold social meetings 2.23 times that of the ones who do, who don't feel satisfied with their present living 1.43 times that of the ones who do, who have a feeling of isolation 1.53times that of the ones who don'1, who have the weak will to live 3.21 times that of the ones who have the strong one, and who don't regular exercise 2.45 times that of the ones who do. 6. Logistic regression analysis of the study results found that such factors are significantly related as the degree of education, with/without spouse, social meetings, the will to live, and regular exercise, and that higher rates of dysfunctional subjects were in the more educated group, in the group without spouse, in the group who don't frequently go out, who don't have social meetings, who have the weak will to live, and who don't exercise.

우리나라 과수원에 발생하는 잡초 현황과 군락 변화

이인용(In-Yong Lee),오영주(Young-Ju Oh),홍선희(Sun-Hee Hong),허수정(Su-Jeoung Heo),이채영(Chae-Young Lee),박기웅(Kee Woong Park),조승현(Seng-Hyun Cho),권오도(Oh-Do Kwon),임일빈(Il-Bin Im),김상국(Sang-Kuk Kim),성덕경(Deok-Gyeong Seong 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2017 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.6 No.1

사과, 배, 복숭아, 포도 등을 재배하는 과수원에 발생하는 잡초를 조사하여 과수원 문제잡초의 현황을 파악하고 잡초방제의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 2015년에 전국을 11개 권역으로 나누어 실시하였다. 과수원에 발생하는 잡초는 63과 492종으로 국화과 86종, 화본과 63종, 두과 29종, 사초과 23종, 마디풀과 22종 등의 순이었다. 이들 잡초를 생활형으로 구분하면, 일년생 159종, 동계 일년생 97종, 다년생 236종이었다. 과수원별 발생잡초를 보면, 사과밭에는 50과 306종, 배밭에는 50과 304종, 포도밭에는 50과 286종, 복숭아밭에는 48과 288종이 발생되었다. 우점잡초로는 바랭이, 쑥, 쇠별꽃, 닭의장풀, 깨풀 등이었다. 외래잡초는 127종으로 전체의 25.8%이었고, 토끼풀, 망초, 흰명아주, 서양민들레, 소리쟁이 순으로 발생이 많았다. 30년간의 잡초군락 변화를 보면, 1990년에는 바랭이, 여뀌, 쇠비름 등이 우점하였으나, 2003년에는 바랭이, 깨풀, 쑥 등으로 변하였다. 2015년에는 바랭이, 쑥, 쇠별꽃 등으로 크게 변하지는 않았다. This study was investigated in order to occurrence of weed flora in orchard (apple, grape, peach, pear etc.) fields and to the establishment of weed control basic data in these weeds. And this study was survey on 2015. As a result of the study on orchard weeds, there were total of 492 weeds including 63 families. Among all the weeds, 159 species were annual, 97 species were winter annual and 236 were perennial. Each fruit tree patterns of occurrence weeds, 306 species 50 families in apple orchard, 304 species 50 families in pear orchard, 286 species 50 families in grape orchard, and 288 species 48 families in peach orchard. Dominance was the highest with Digitaria ciliaris followed by Artemisia princeps, Stellaria aquatica, Commelina communis, Acalypha australis etc. in order. And exotics weeds occurred 127 species. Trifolium repens was the highest in importance analysis and the followings were in order of Conyza canadensis, Chenopodium album, Taraxacum offcinale, Rumex crispus etc. Changes in weed vegetation in orchard during 30 years, did not very many changed. In 1990, D. ciliaris, Persicaria hydropiper, Portulaca loeracea were dominant. In 2003, D. ciliaris was the most abundant species, followed by A. australis, A. princeps species. And in 2015, also D. ciliaris was the most dominant, followed by A. princeps, S. aquatica.