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        온시디움에서 Particle Bombardment를 통한 유전자 이전 및 Agrobacterium 매개 형질전환의최적조건 구명

        이수영,김미선,김재영,목일진 한국화훼학회 2007 화훼연구 Vol.15 No.3

        .?To establish an efficient transformation method for Oncidium cultivar Sharry Baby, protocorm like bodies (PLBs) and their clumps were used for particle bombardment and Agrobacterium?mediated transformation using the transient expression of bar and intron-gus genes. The regeneration medium containing 7.5 mg·L-1 PPT was used to select shooting plants. For the particle bombardment method, using gold particle of 0.6 ?m, helium gas pressure of 1,100 pounds per square inches (psi) and a flight distance of 9 cm was found to be effective for the gene transfer. In the case of Agrobacterium-mediation, inoculating immature PLBs with a bacterial liquid suspension of optical density (O.D.) 0.6 and then co-culturing under a dark condition for five days was also found to be effective for the gene transfer.Additional key words: orchid, ‘Sharry Baby’, protocorm like bodies (PLBs), intron-gus gene, transient expression

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        정보통신기술을 활용한 탐구 학습 중심의 생물 학습 프로그램의 개발과 효과에 대한 연구 : 생물 종 다양성 개념을 중심으로

        이수영 韓國生物敎育學會 2005 생물교육 Vol.33 No.1

        BioKID (Biology Kids Inquiry Diverse Species) is an ICT (Information & Communication Technology) based curricular program that was designed to teach upper elementary students about biodiversity through scaffolded inquiry by utilizing several innovative ICT learning tools. An interdisciplinary team of educators, scientists, and engineers developed the program based on a design-research approach. The objectives of the BioKIDS program were a) be an inquiry-based curriculum. b) fulfill the needs of the desired audience, c) employ ICT based learning tools, d) manifest national, state, and local science standards, and e) involve real world issues. These goals were manifested in an eight-week program with an instructional model following a modified learning cycle approach: engage, explore, explain. extend and synthesize. This paper reports the research-driven initial development of the first version and following two revisions of the program. The revised program showed positive educational benefits in fostering students' understandings of scientific content and inquiry skills. This study addresses issues regarding the development of ICT learning tools that foster both content and inquiry, and the evaluation of those tools for students' learning.

      • 世界 經濟社會의 構造再編과 都市問題

        이수영 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1999 社會科學論叢 Vol.18 No.1

        Urban societies are experiencing now a far-reaching historical transformation. It is part of a revolution organized around information technologies. Based on the new technological infrastructure, the process of globalizing the economy and communication has changed the way we produce, consume, manage, inform, and think. Managing cities poses enormous challenges. Not just on account of the functional, social, and environmental problems in human settlement, but also because we are facing processes of transformation that are little understood. Urban policies pursued to date seem behind the times with regard to the globalization of economy and technology. Urban governments are often overtaken by events occurring in spheres that are beyond their control. Therefore, urban management must analyze the technological, economic, cultural, and institutional processes underlying urban transformation. By the global economy we mean an economy in which dominant activities function as a unit at the planetary level in real time. The technology, information, and management of the leading companies are also globally articulated, as are industrial production, advanced services, and markets. Highly skilled labor is also taking the form of a global market. The new global economy includes anything that creates value ; it excludes what is devalued or undervalued. It is a system that segregates and excludes social sectors, territories, and countries. The restructuring of urban employment relations has generated new divisions and connections between capital, labor, and resources. This has led to a reordering of the influence of cities on the planet. New patterns of wealth and poverty, dispersal and centralization, control and subordination have been created. Profound shocks have been felt in all parts of the world and many human lives have been disrupted, posing difficulties of adaptation even for western societies. In post-Fordist cities there is a growing concern with inequality, poverty, and "exclusion". Urban analysis has sought to reveal and measure by relevant data the plight of the poor and the oppressed. Sustainable development is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. This concept must emphasize development as increase of material wealth, as increased quality of life, and reproduction of the social, material, and institutional conditions required for this development. The environmental unsustainability which is reflected in increased emission levels, pollution of water and soil, disappearance of natural areas, and so on, is only part of the problem. Challenges must be faced such as education of the population, job creation, provision for participation and democratization mechanism, restructuring of the global economy and society, direct attack on the causes of social exclusion, and so on. Decreasing waste, reducing energy consumption, and protection of the natural spaces are subjects cities have to confront. Sustainability also involved social integration. Large pockets of unemployment and poverty make sustainable urban development impossible. Social policies directed at integration of the population through employment, public transport, access to housing, education, health, and so on, cannot be separated from processes to achieve sustainable development. There is a close relationship between the growth of large cities and national economic development. Informed by statistically supported background, international institutional thinking turned its attention to reformulating urban policy during the 1980s and 1990s. The ideological persuasion exerted by these international institutions mirrors the influence at work. The conditions attached to loan agreements can affect approaches to urban policy within debtor countries. During the 1980s policies and programs of the World Bank began to focus on integrating urban policy and national macroeconomic policy, and on using private sector finance to fund urban investment. The purpose of the New Management Program, founded by several international institutions, was to improve approaches to land management, municipal finance, infrastructure, health, and poverty. This involves coaxing governments into viewing their cities in particular ways ; to identify the urban problems ; and to come up with the best means and techniques of solving those problems. The promotion of the new approach to urban policies and the imperatives of the market-efficiency, competition, and involvement of the private sector-has been emphasized. The ideal role of government at national and local level is viewed as being that of enabler, facilitating the development of market-based solutions to a ranger of issues from infrastructure to housing finance. Urban issues are located within the constraints and broader objectives of economic development and macroeconomic performance. What is good for macroeconomic policy, however, may not be the best for urban policy. The causes of urban poverty and policies for its alleviation are set within an economic framework that connects cities into broader change in the global economy. Yet it seems to overlook the tensions emerging between poverty alleviation and macroeconomic policies. This study has located the developing cities in the dynamic interconnections, the wider relational webs, of today's global. The interconnections result from the practices of private finance produced by calculations of profitability. These flows of private finance are coordinated through the financial centers of global cities such as New York, London, and Tokyo. These are producers of dominant rhythms working through relational webs to bind developing cities to the influences of neoliberalism. This has extended greatly following the debt crisis of the 1980s. The adoption of structural adjustment policies has connected and exposed these cities to the rhythm of private finance. Similar influences have established urban policies that further impose the context for unbanization suited to the imperatives of neoliberalism. How accelerated globalization could processes of urbanization in developing countries has also been investigated. Connecting cities into flows of global finance exposes them to unsettling rhythms which not only have immediate effects within a city, but carries the potential for further disruption. Although neoliberal institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF suggest inevitability of a unilinear, unified urban future, it seems to be unlikely. Not only does such a consensus fail to recognize the effects of past interconnections and the unequal trajectories ; the argument seems to overlook how the criteria of private finance involve the continual switching of flows from one investment opportunity to another. As this framework seeks to transform cities into investment opportunities, urban life seems to experience an unsettling impact as flows of investment move through them.

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