http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
금속산화물이 코팅된 마이카 티타니아 진주광택 안료의 제조 및 색차변화
이관식 ( Kwan Sik Lee ),강국현 ( Kuk Hyoun Kang ),이진희 ( Jin Hee Lee ),이동규 ( Dong Kyu Lee ) 한국유화학회 2013 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.30 No.2
무지개 빛을 내는 무기진주광택안료는, 내광성, 내용제성 및 내열성 등이 물리적 화학적 안정성이 우수하여 다양한 분야에서 응용되고 있다. 본 연구는 수열합성방법을 사용하여 마이카 티타니아에 파란색 코팅 안료인 염화코발트를 기본으로 화장품 안료로 사용되는 진주광택안료를 합성하였다. 코발트에 의한 안료의 색상을 보완하고자 코발트와 금속 염의 비를 달리하여 안료를 코팅하고, 이를 통해 금속염의 종류에 따라 다양한 색차값을 구현하는 진주광택 안료를 합성하였다. 코발트와 첨가된 금속 염 전구체의 조성비와, 금속 염의 종류에 따라 코팅특성과 색상을 조절할 수 있었고, 안료의 다양한 색상변화 특성을 색차계를 통해 확인 하였다. 합성된 안료는 SPM, SEM, XRD, EDS 기기를 통해 특성을 분석하였다. The inorganic pearlescent pigment have high physical and chemical stability, thus it is used in a variety field, which has better light stability, solvent resistance and thermostability. In this paper, we were synthesized the pearlescent pigment for cosmetics which was coated cobalt chloride for base of blue color metal oxide on mica titania substrate using hydrothermal synthesis method. To complement the color of the pigment by cobalt, pearl pigment were coated by different metal salt and cobalt ratio, to implement a variety of color value, depending on the kind of metal salts were synthesized. Synthesized pearlescent pigments appear various color as kind of added metal salt precursor and molar ration of cobalt and other metals. We controlled coating and color by composition of metal salt and type of metal salts, and that confirm the pigment characteristics of color changes through the analysis of color difference meter. Synthesized pigment was characterized by SPM, SEM, XRD, and EDS.
손주익(Ju Ik Son),이준희(Jun Hee Lee),이상인(Sang In Lee),정준표(Jun Pyo Lee),송기섭(Kee Sup Song),박진아(Jin A Park),최성우(Sung Woo Choi),이정일(Jung Il Lee),이관식(Kwan Sik Lee),유정식(Jeong Sik Yoo),최승호(Seung Ho Choi),박찬일(Chan 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.4
Gastroduodenal intussusception is a rare condition caused by the prolapse of a gastric tumor and subsequent invagination of the gastric wall into the duodenum. The lead point of the intussusception is usually a benign gastric tumor such as adenoma, lipoma, and leiomyoma. Only a small number was attributed to gastric carcinoma, giant solitary gastric heterotopia, Menetrier's disease, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In Korea, only two cases of gastroduodenal intussusception caused by adenoma and by leiomyoma have been reported. We experienced a case of gastroduodenal intussusception caused by gastric carcinoid tumor in a 76-year-old woman. Interestingly, she had been diagnosed as having gastric carcinoid tumor metastasized to the liver 5 years and 3 months before this gastroduodenal intussusception occurred. This rare clinical setting of gastroduodenal intussusception by a rare cause is reported with a review of the literature. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;38:288-291)
이소성 췌장의 악성 변화에 의하여 발생한 십이지장 선암종
남주영 ( Nam Ju Yeong ),이상인 ( Lee Sang In ),정준표 ( Jeong Jun Pyo ),최성호 ( Choe Seong Ho ),이덕용 ( Lee Deog Yong ),최재필 ( Choe Jae Pil ),이정일 ( Lee Jeong Il ),이세준 ( Lee Se Jun ),이관식 ( Lee Gwan Sig ),강진경 ( Kang 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.42 No.2
Heterotopic pancreas, defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue that lacks anatomic and vascular continuity with the pancreas proper, may be more likely to undergo malignant change. However, malignancy arising from heterotopic pancreas is rare. In Korea, only one case of adenocarcinoma arising from a gastric heterotopic pancreas has been reported. Recently, we experienced a case of duodenal carcinoma arising from heterotopic pancreas in a 64-year-old man. Endoscopic biopsy of the stenotic duodenum was positive for adenocarcinoma, and he underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy with subtotal gastrectomy. Histologic examination of the resected specimen satisfied the proposed conditions that are necessary to prove that a malignancy arose from heterotopic pancreas. Despite an adjuvant chemotherapy, he died 10 months after surgery. Herein, we report a case of duodenal adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic pancreas with a review of the relevant literature. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2003;42:164-167)
광주광역시 다문화가족 지원 사업에서의 한국어교육 정책 개선방안
이관식(Lee, Kwon-sik) 호남대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2010 인문사회과학연구 Vol.27 No.-
본고는 광주광역시 ‘다문화가족 지원 사업’에서의 한국어교육 지원정책 실태와 이 지역 다문화가족 지원 관련 기관.단체의 한국어교육 현황을 살펴 본 뒤 이의 문제점을 점검해 보고 그 개선 방안을 제시한 연구물이다. 연구 결과 한국어 학습자 실태조사 통계 수치의 부정확 및 단기적.일회성 성격의 사업이 많은 점 등의 지원 정책의 비효율성, 한국어교육이 포함된 다문화가족 지원 사업에 대한 재정 지원 부족, 그리고 한국어교육에 대한 지원체계 미비 등을 문제점으로 지적할 수 있었고, 한국어교육 지원정책의 개선 방안으로는 관련 현황의 정확한 통계 수립, 지원 정책의 다양화와 특성화, 효율적 지원 정책 개발 및 운영 , 다문화가족 지원 센터의 증설, 한국어교육지원 체계의 강화, 그리고 지역 거버넌스 체제의 확립 등을 제시해 보았다. 다문화가족 지원과 관련한 각종 실태 조사 결과에 의하면 의료, 법률 지원도 원하지만 무엇보다도 한국어교육에 대한 요구가 대단히 높다. 이처럼 다문화가족들 에게 한국어교육의 필요성이 강하다는 것은 일회적.형식적이 아닌 지속적인 교육을 바란다는 것임은 물론 수준별 요구에 부응하는 다양한 단계의 교육을 원하는 것이며, 나아가 더 높은 단계의 심화교육도 요구한다는 점을 이해하고 인식해야 한다. 그리하여 관련 기관에서는 다문화가족 지원 사업에서의 한국어교육 부문에 보다 많은 관심을 갖고 새로운 지원정책을 설계하고 수행해 나가야 할 것이다. The purpose of the study is to suggest improvements to and analyze problems with the policy supporting Korean language education for multicultural families in Gwangju Metropolitan City. The results of the study are surnmarized as follows: l. Problem with the policy supporting Korean language education: inaccuracy of the surveys of Korean language education short- term and one- off programs lack of specialized projects and programs shortage of financial support for programs supporting Korean language education limitation of national policy support; and lack of competence and functions of non-governmental organizations. 2. Measures to improve the policy supporting Korean language education: accurate surveys of Korean language education; specialization and diversification of the policy supporting Korean language education establishment of a central office for multicultural family support centers effective support and financial expansion of the policy supporting Korean language education strengthening the support system for Korean language education; and establishment of a local governance system.
광주 지역 중국인 한국어 학습자의 문화적응 스트레스 연구
이관식 ( Kwon Sik Lee ) 시학과 언어학회 2011 시학과 언어학 Vol.21 No.-
The goal of this study is to analysis the degree of acculturative stress of the Chinese students in Gwangju. The subjects were 412 Chinese students of the Korean language at 4 universities located at Gwangju province. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire. The tool for this study was acculturative stress scale (4 categories, 18 items) by Zhang Yan(2005). And data were analyzed by SPSS/ Win 14.0 program. The results are summarized as follows: 1.The score of personnel relationships was 2.98, life habits was 2.92, study activities 3.13, and homesickness 2.03. The highest acculturative stress score of categories were 3.13 point in study activities and the lowest stress score was 2.03 point in homesickness. 2. The subjects` average stress score was 2.77 point out of 4.00. According to acculturative stress of the Chinese students in Gwangju were similar to a 2.86 point of the national total in Korea. These results may contribute to a better understanding of acculturative stress of the Chinese students in Korea. The results are useful as a basic data to set up a plan for developing Korean language education at universities in local cities.
이관식(Kwan Sik Lee) 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.37 No.4
Excessive production of extracellular matrix(ECM), especially collagen, in the liver can produce hepatic fibrosis, and the repeated hepatic fibrosis by various etiologies may result in liver cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis is the irreversible and terminal state of chronic liver diseases and thus, it is one of the major causes of death in Korea. To block the progress to liver cirrhosis is the main purpose of management for chronic liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis by producing ECM. The extent of ECM is dependent on the proliferation and activation of HSCs. Therefore, the inhibition of HSC activation is viewed as one of the main ways to block the progress of hepatic fibrosis. Many kinds of experimental animal model with hepatic fibrosis induced by hepatotoxin, alcohol, bile duct ligation, diet and immunologic activation etc. have been produced to investigate the mechanism of hepatic fibrogenesis including HSC activation, ECM production, cytokines and gene expression. In this article, experimental animal models of hepatic fibrogenesis are briefly reviewed. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;37:227-232)