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Reverberation 측정에 의한 해저에서의 음파 산란강도
안상환 한국음향학회 1983 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.2 No.1
음속 기울기가 부(-)의 약한 상태와 강한상태에 있는 천해의 두 해역에서 단일주파수의 지향성 음원과 광대역 충격음원 두 종류에 의하여 측정을 하였다. 음파가 처음 해저에 부딪치는 가까운 거리에 서의 Reverberation 은 ray tracing 에 의하여 입사각에 따라 power spectrum analyzer에 의하여 분석 되었으며 원거리의 경우 이론 모델로 계산된 값과 비교되었다. 이 때의 산란은 지향성에 산란상수 -24dB였다. 또한 산란강도는 주파수의 증가에 따라 완만한 증가를 나타내었다.
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安相煥 동국대학교 불교대학원 1999 佛敎大學院 論叢 Vol.6 No.-
Vijn~aptima￣tra-va￣da is one of the most essential trend of philosophy in Maha￣-ya￣na with prajn~a￣na. And it is the study to examine the truth of mind and is regarded everything in the world as the product of our mind. The main object of this paper, in citta-mano-vijn~a￣na of Buddism vijn~aptima￣tra treated human consciousness with the most systematic and logical, is to study comparing the world of consciousness being potentialiy inside of human with depth psychology in the aspect of modern psychoanalysis. Particulary, in recent, the depth psychology has been introduced by S. Freud and C.G. Jung etc. Therefore we can understand the individual depth world deeply as analysing and comparing vijn~aptima￣tra which is the psychology of Buddism with Freud's and Jung's depth psychology. Because the trend of Freud and Jung's thought is too extensive to treat, this paper intends to confine within consiousness and unconsciousness. A citta-mano-vijn~a￣na of Buddism vijn~aptima￣tra-va￣da is the main subject of A￣laya-vijn~a￣na(the eighth consciousness), Manas-vijn~a￣na(the seventh or thought-centre consciousness), and The six kinds of consciousness-vijn~a￣na(sad vijn~a￣na￣ni=the five consciousness and the sixth consciousness [or mano-vijn~a￣na]). According to vijn~aptima￣tra-va￣da, as we have seen above, there are the eight kinds of mind-bodies which have their own functions. There are eight kinds of mind-bodies in human being, which exercise their own functions and lead an intellectual activity. Vijn~aptima￣tra-va￣da literally means the doctrine that nothing exists apart from the mind. It assumes that all phenomena appear only out of the mind. Citta was regarded as a￣laya-vijn~a￣na, mano was considered manas-vijn~a￣na, and vijn~a￣na was classified as sad vijn~a￣na￣ni. Each mind-bodies(citta) and mind-activity(caitta) corresponding to it is explained. The doctrine of Buddism is formed with the main subject of the mind and Buddism is generally regarded as the religion of the mind. In vijn~aptima￣tra that analysis of caitta analize not only deep stratum psyche but the operation of our mind. In this analysis, they convert the activities of mind into the multiple psychological elements and classify, arrange them, explaining the genuine function, the priority of occurrences and the condition of exterminations. It is the same kind of psychology in that modern psychology and vijn~aptima￣tra treat human mind as consciousness and unconsciousness. But in aspect of explaining the unconsciousness, the concept of vijn~aptima￣tra is different from that of modern psychology. Vijn~aptima￣tra Buddism is based on the mind of human consciousness which shows variation in the mind as the universe we live. Buddism is the religion that searchs completly the human in the place of it more than any other religion and, that is, obtains not a transcendental god of character from the outter world but a ultimate sagacity which eradicates avidya￣ of a cause of all agony inside of itself. Therefore a emancipation out of the agony in Buddism is called the liberation out of the oppression in psychoanalysis. And if achievement of Boddhi and Nirva￣na is the true realities of one's, it can be surely thought of Buddism as modern psychoanalysis in a same coherence. Accordingly the doctrine intending at vijn~aptima￣tra-va￣da should be applied to the part that modern depth psychology or psychoanalysis takes charge. Also through the exchange between religion and psychomedicine, and arrangement of one's entity necessary.
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안상환 ( Sang Hwan An ),김병준 ( Byoung Jun Kim ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2011 체육과학연구 Vol.22 No.1
운동중독을 설명하는 감정조절(affective regulation)가설은 운동에 따른 감정변화가 운동중독과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 주장한다. 이 연구에서는 운동 중독자와 일반 운동자를 대상으로 30분간의 고강도 운동수행 전중후의 정서변화 양상을 비교하여 감정조절 가설을 뒷받침하는 근거를 확인하였다. 마라톤을 하는 운동중독자 10명, 일반운동자 10명을 대상으로 고강도 운동의 직전, 운동중(5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30분후), 종료직후, 종료 20분후의 9회에 걸쳐 감정을 2차원으로 반복 측정하여 원형모형의 틀로 분석하였다. 각성상태척도(Felt Arousal Scale, FAS)와 감정척도(Feeling Scale, FS)를 이용하여 활성과 유쾌-불쾌 정도를 측정하였다. 운동 전중후 감정 체험을 심층적으로 이해하기 위해 운동 종료후 일대일 면접을 실시하였다. 운동중독자는 운동 강도가 높아지면서 활성정도가 상승했지만 지속적으로 유쾌함을 체험했다. 하지만 일반운동자는 운동중에 높은 수준의 불쾌함을 체험했다. 운동중 두 집단의 활성 정도는 유사한 패턴으로 지속적으로 상승했다. 면접응답 내용을 분석한 결과 운동중독자는 기분상승, 지속실천 의지, 설레임, 금단증상, 자아존중감 고양 등을 주로 언급한 반면, 일반운동자는 운동에 따른 고통감, 불쾌감, 운동포기 욕구, 불안감, 스트레스를 체험한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 고강도 운동은 운동중독자에게 불쾌한 느낌은 전혀 주지 않고 오히려 높은 수준의 유쾌감을 끌어냈다. 운동중의 이러한 긍정적인 감정체험은 운동중독의 중요한 요인으로 작용할 것으로 분석되었다. High exercise intensity may be associated with negative affective responses during a bout of exercise. However, affective regulation hypothesis to exercise dependence suggested that experience of positive affect after exercise and negative affect during exercise withdrawal contribute to dependence to exercise behavior. It this study, affective responses to increasing level of high intensity were examined among runners with exercise dependence syndrom. A total of 10 runners with exercise dependence and 10 other runners without dependence syndrom ran on a treadmill for 30 minutes. Affect was assessed in terms of the dimensions of the circumplex model. In specific, affective valence and activation were assessed repeatedly before, during, and after exercise. In-depth interviews with the participants were conducted to explore the nature and impact of affective responses. For the runners with exercise dependence, affective valence increased substantially until the end of exercise. However, the runners without exercise dependence experienced high levels of negative affect during exercise. Pre-to-post comparisons revealed no differences across the two groups. In sum, high exercise intensity had a substantial positive impact on affect in the runners with exercise dependence and this may, in turn, contributed to exercise dependence.
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정의만,양현,안범수,이근식,현상환,최경철,정의배 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2011 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of “brominated” (bromine containing) man-made chemicals used as flame retardant additives in plastics, foams, and textiles. PBDEs are found in various environmental contaminants in air, soil, sediment, and water, and 209 individual forms (congeners) of PBDE exist. Among these,2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is the dominant congener found in the environment. Exposure to BDE-47is now worldwide, and levels of BDE-47 have been detected in the blood of animals, including humans. BDE-47 can adversely affect the developmental system in both humans and animals. BDEs have structural similarities to polychlorinated biphenyls and thyroid hormones. However, recent studies have shown that BDEs may act as hormonal disrupting chemicals with detrimental effects. Therefore, a reliable assessment of BDE-47 toxicological action is required to understand the detrimental impacts of BDE-47 on human health. In this review, we overview recent studies on the distribution and potential toxicological effects of BDE-47 in humans and animals
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