Alkyl - β - Diketone 에 의한 구리의 추출평형

신정호,이회근,정갑섭,이상훈,김정희 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Hwae Geon Lee,Kap Seop Jeong,Sang Hoon Lee,Jeong Hee Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1994 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.32 No.2

Two kinds of alkyl β-diketones were synthesized from ketone and ester with sodium amide. The characteristics of extraction equilibria of copper by β-diketones diluted with chloroform were investigated. The dissociation constant and the distribution coefficient of β-diketones were determined by spectrophotometric measurements. The stability constant and the distribution coefficient of copper complex, and the equilibrium constant in the extraction of copper were also determined. The extracted species of copper complex was found to be (CuR₂)￣ with the equilibrium reaction of Cu^(2+) +2(HR)￣=(CuR₂)￣+2H^+. With increasing the length of carbon chain of alkyl β-diketones, the dissociation constant and the distribution coefficient of β-diketones were decreased, while the stability constant and the distribution coefficient of copper complex increased.

β- ketohexanal 에 의한 Cu (Ⅱ) 의 추출 특성

신정호,이상훈,정갑섭,박경기,전상우 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Sang Hoon Lee,Kap Seop Jeong,Kyung Kee Park,Sang Woo Jun ) 한국공업화학회 1996 공업화학 Vol.7 No.6

Sodium amide에 의한 methyl propyl ketone과 ethyl formate의 반응으로 킬레이트 추출제의 하나인 β-ketohexanal(이하 KHA)를 합성하고, KHA-클로로포륨에 의한 구리의 추출평형 실험을 통하여 추출특성을 고찰하였다. 흡광도를 측정하여 추출제 KHA의 상간 분배계수와 해리상수, KHA와 구리간 킬레이트의 안정도 상수와 분배계수 및 총괄 추출 평형상수등을 구하고, 추출기구를 구명하였다. 합성한 추출제에 의한 구리의 추출율은 pH 5 이상에서 거의 100%이었고, Cu-Zn-Cd 혼합 금속으로부터 구리의 선택적 추출이 가능하였다. KHA-클로로포름에 의한 구리의 추출 화학종은 CuR₂였으며 추출 평형식은 Cu^(2+) + 2HR → CuR₂+ 2H^+로 표시되었다. β-ketohexanal as a chelating extractant was synthesized from the reaction of ethyl formate and methyl propyl ketone in the presence of sodium amide, and the equilibrium characteristics in the extraction of copper by β-ketohexanal-chloroform were investigated. The equilibrium constants such as the dissociation constant and the partition coefficient of β-ketohexanal, the stability constant and the partition coefficient of copper chelating complex, and the overall equilibrium constant in the extraction of copper were determined by spectrophotometric measurements, and the mechanism of extraction was proposed. The percent of extracted copper by β-ketohexanalchloroform was near 100%, and the selective extraction of copper from Cu-Zn-Cd mixture was possible. Copper was found to be extracted as CuR₂and the equilibrium reaction was expressed as Cu^(2+) + 2HR ↔ CuR₂+ 2H^+.

Salicyladoxime 에 의한 금속 추출에 관한 연구

신정호,박상욱,박대원,이경수,정갑섭 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Sang Wook Park,Dae Won Park,Kyung Soo Lee,Kap Seop Jeong ) 한국공업화학회 1993 공업화학 Vol.4 No.1

salicylaldoxime에 의한 Cu의 용매추출에 있어서 추출평형 및 추출속도 등을 고찰하였다. 흡광도 측정으로부터 oxime의 분배정수와 해리정수를 구하고, oxime-Cu착화합물의 안정도 상수와 분배정수, 분자흡광계수 및 추출평형정수를 결정하였다. chloroform 및 benzene 용매하에 salicylaldoxime에 의한 Cu의 추출 화학종은 1:2의 형태인 CuR_2였으며, 초기 추출속도실험으로부터 salicylaldoxime-chloroform에 의한 Cu의 총괄추출속도는 R=k[Cu^(2+)][HR]^(0.5)/[H^+]^(0.4)로 표시되었다. The kinetic and equilibrium characteristics of copper extraction by salicylaldoxime in chloroform and benzene were investigated. Equilibrium constants such as dissociation constant, distribution coefficient of salicylaldoxime and stability constant, distribution coefficient and molar extinction coefficient of oxime-Cu chelate were determined from absorbance. Extracted species of Cu-chelate were found to be CuR_2. Overall initial extraction rate of copper by salicylaldoxime in chloroform was expressed by the following equation : R=k[Cu^(2+)][HR]^(0.5)/[H^+]^(0.4).

직접Quenching 열간 단조용 비조질강의 기계적 성질에 미치는 Quenching온도 및 냉각속도의 영향

신정호,류영주,김병옥,고인용,이오연,Shin, Jung-Ho,Ryu, Young-Joo,Kim, Byung-Ok,Ko, In-Yong,Lee, Oh-Yeon 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.10

Recently, automobile parts have been required to have high strength and toughness to allow for weight lightening or improved stability. But, traditional micro-alloyed steel cannot be applied in automobile parts. In this study, we considered the influence of quenching temperature and cooling rate for specimens fabricated by vacuum induction furnace. Directly quenched micro-alloyed steel for hot forging can be controlled according to its micro structure and the heat-treatment process. Low carbon steel, as well as alloying elements for improvement of strength and toughness, was used to obtain optimized conditions. After hot forging at $1,200^{\circ}C$, the ideal mechanical properties (tensile strength ${\geq}$ 1,000 MPa, Charpy impact value ${\geq}\;100\;J/cm^2$) can be achieved by using optimized conditions (quenching temperature : 925 to $1,050^{\circ}C$, cooling rate : ${\geq}\;5^{\circ}C/sec$). The difference of impact value according to cooling rate can be influenced by the microstructure. A fine lath martensite micro structure is formed at a cooling rate of over $5^{\circ}C/sec$. On the other hand, the second phase of the M-A constituent microstructure is the cause of crack initiation under the cooling rate of $5^{\circ}C/sec$.

β-ketohexanal에 의한 Cu(II)의 추출 특성

신정호,이상훈,정갑섭,박경기,전상우,Shin, Jeong-Ho,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Jeong, Kap-Seop,Park, Kyung-Kee,Jun, Sang-Woo 한국공업화학회 1996 공업화학 Vol.7 No.6

Sodium amide에 의한 methyl propyl ketone과 ethyl formate의 반응으로 킬레이트 추출제의 하나인 $\beta$-ketohexanal(이하 KHA)를 합성하고, KHA-클로로포름에 의한 구리의 추출평형 실험을 통하여 추출특성을 고찰하였다. 흡광도를 측정하여 추출제 KHA의 상간 분배계수와 해리상수, KHA와 구리간 킬레이트의 안정도 상수와 분배계수 및 총괄 추출 평형상수등을 구하고, 추출기구를 구명하였다 합성한 추출제에 의한 구리의 추출율은 pH 5 이상에서 거의 100%이었고, Cu-Zn-Cd 혼합 금속으로부터 구리의 선택적 추출이 가능하였다. KHA-클로로포름에 의한 구리의 추출 화학종은 $CuR_2$였으며 추출 평형 식은 $Cu^{2+}+2{\overline{HR}}{\rightarrow}{\overline{CuR{_2}}}+2H^+$로 표시되었다. $\beta$-ketohexanal as a chelating extractant was synthesized from the reaction of ethyl formate and methyl propyl ketone in the presence of sodium amide, and the equilibrium characteristics in the extraction of copper by $\beta$-ketohexanal-chloroform were investigated. The equilibrium constants such as the dissociation constant and the partition coefficients of $\beta$-ketohexanal, the stability constant and the partition coefficient of copper chelating complex, and the overall equilibrium constant in the extraction of copper were determined by spectrophotometric measurements, and the mechanism of extraction was proposed. The percent of extracted copper by $\beta$-ketohexanal-chloroform was near 100%, and the selective extraction of copper from Cu-Zn-Cd mixture was possible. Copper was found to be extracted as $CuR_2$ and the equilibrium reaction was expressed as $Cu^{2+}+2{\overline{HR}}{\rightleftarrows}{\overline{CuR{_2}}}+2H^+$.

2, 4-Heptadione에 의한 Cu(II)의 용매추출특성

신정호,정갑섭,이상훈,박상욱,박대원,Shin, Jeong-Ho,Jeong, Kap-Seop,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Park, Sang-Wook,Park, Dae-Weon 한국공업화학회 1993 공업화학 Vol.4 No.4

2, 4-Heptadione(abbreviated to 24HTD) was synthesized from methylpropyl ketone and ethyl acetate with sodium amide, and the equilibrium and the kinetic characteristics of copper extraction by 24HTD-chloroform were investigated. Equilibrium constants such as the dissociation constant and the distribution coefficient of 24HTD and the stability constant of the 24HTD-Cu chelate were evaluated from the spectrophotometry, and the overall equilibrium constant of the extraction was also determined. The extracted species of the 24HTD-Cu chelate was found to be $CuR_2$ and the initial rate of the extraction of coupper by 24HTD in chloroform was expressed by $R_0=k[\bar{HR}]([Cu^{2+}]/[H^+])^{0.5}$. sodium amide에 의한 methylpropyl ketone과 ethyl acetate의 반응으로 2, 4-heptadione(이하 24HTD)을 합성하고, 클로로포름 용매하에 Cu(II)의 용매추출 실험으로부터 추출평형 및 추출속도 특성을 고찰하였다. 흡광도와 Cu(II)의 농도변화 측정으로부터 24HTD의 분배계수와 해리정수, 24HTD와 Cu 착화합물의 안정도 상수, 분배계수 및 총괄추출 평형정수 등을 구하고 추출기구를 구명하였다. 24HTD에 의한 Cu(II)의 추출 화학종은 1:2의 형태인 $CuR_2$였으며, 24HTD-클로로포름에 의한 Cu(II)의 총괄 초기 추출속도는 $R_0=k[\bar{HR}]([Cu^{2+}]/[H^+])^{0.5}$로 표시되었다.

2,4- Heptadione 에 의한 Cu (Ⅱ) 의 용매추출특성

신정호,정갑섭,이상훈,박상욱,박대원 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Kap Seop Jeong,Sang Hoon Lee,Sang Wook Park,Dae Weon Park ) 한국공업화학회 1993 공업화학 Vol.4 No.4

sodium amide에 의한 methylpropyl ketone과 ethyl acetate의 반응으로 2, 4-heptadione(이하 24HTD)을 합성하고, 클로로포름 용매하에 Cu(II)의 용매추출 실험으로부터 추출평형 및 추출속도 특성을 고찰하였다. 흡광도와 Cu(II)의 농도변화 측정으로부터 24HTD의 분배계수와 해리정수, 24HTD와 Cu 착화합물의 안정도 상수, 분배계수 및 총괄추출 평형정수 등을 구하고 추출기구를 구명하였다. 24HTD에 의한 Cu(II)의 추출 화학종은 1:2의 형태인 CuR_2였으며, 24HTD-클로로포름에 의한 Cu(II)의 총괄 초기 추출속도는 R_0= k(HR)( [Cu^(2+)]/[H^+])^(0.5)로 표시되었다. 2,4-Heptadione(abbreviated to 24HTD) was synthesized from methylpropyl ketone and ethyl acetate with sodium amide, and the equilibrium and the kinetic characteristics of copper extraction by 24HTD-chloroform were investigated. Equilibrium constants such as the dissociation constant and the distribution coefficient of 24HTD and the stability constant of the 24HTD-Cu chelate were evaluated from the spectrophotometry, and the overall equilibrium constant of the extraction was also determined. The extracted species of the 24HTD-Cu chelate was found to be CuR_2 and the initial rate of the extraction of copper by 24HTD in chloroform was expressed by R_0=k[HR]([Cu^(2+)]/[H^+])^(0.5).

CuS 침전의 기포흡착분리에 관한 연구

신정호,박경기,정갑섭,이근희 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Kyung Kee Park,Kap Seop Jeong,Geun Hee Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1998 공업화학 Vol.9 No.1

CTAB에 의한 CuS 침전 미립자의 응집과 기포 흡착특성을 고찰하였다. CTAB의 기포흡착은 Langmuir흡착식을 따르며, 포말간 본체액의 동반을 고려한 회분해석으로부터 구한 흡착열은 3700 cal/mol로 나타났다. CTAB에 의한 CuS미립자의 기포흡착은 기포-입자간 충돌흡착으로 설명되었고, 흡착분리에 대한 최적 농도비는 CuS의 최적 응집농도비와 일치하였으며, 그 값은 [CTAB] 대 [CuS]가 0.1로 얻어졌다. 기포에 의한 포집효율은 pH와 CTAB농도 등에 의존하나 공기의 유량에는 무관하였으며, 최대 포집효율은 최적 첨가농도에서 0.0002로 나타났다. 또한 Cu-Cd-Zn 황화물의 흔합계에서 CTAB를 사용한 기포흡착의 경우 ZnS의 선택적 분리가 가능하였다. The characteristics of the bubble adsorptive separation of CTAB(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) and CuS precipitates was investigated. The Langmuir adsorption equation was adequate at very low concentration of CTAB, and the adsorption heat was determined from the batch analysis considering the bulk liquid accompanied between bubbles. The adsorption mechanism was explained with the collision adsorption between bubbles and precipitate particles. The optimum concentration ratio of [CTAB] to [CuS] for adsorptive separation was 0.1 and coincided with the ratio for the coagulation of particles. The collection efficiency was depended on pH and CTAB concentration but independent of the air flow rate, and the maximum efficiency was 0.0002. The selective separation of ZnS from the mixture of Cu-Cd-Zn sulfides was obtained by the bubble adsorption with CTAB.

Alkyl β- diketone 에 의한 구리의 추출속도에 관한 연구

신정호,정갑섭,이상훈,이주영 ( Jeong Ho Shin,Kap Seop Jeong,Sang Hoon Lee,Ju Young Lee ) 한국화학공학회 1994 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.32 No.3

The kinetics of copper extraction by several alkyl β-diketones diluted with chloroform was investigated using a flat-stirred cell of constant interfacial area at 25℃. The extraction rate was experimentally determined by analyzing the effects of the concentration of extractants in the organic phase, the concentrations of copper and hydrogen ion in aqueous phase on the initial rate of extraction. The rate constants of chelate formation and initial extraction were determined from the comparison of the experimental results with the theoretical rate obtained by assuming the interface reaction with diffusion in aqueous film. The rate determining step of copper extraction by β-diketones was found to be the reaction of 1 : 1 chelate formation of irreversible pseudo-first order reaction and the extracted species was (CuR₂)￣ type.

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