체중 잔차를 이용한 12세 아동의 정상 폐기능 예측식

강종원,성주헌,조수헌,주영수,Kang, Jong-Won,Sung, Joo-Hon,Cho, Soo-Hun,Ju, Yeong-Su 대한예방의학회 1999 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.32 No.1

Objectives. Changes in lung function are frequently used as biological markers to assess the health effects of criteria air pollutants. We tried to formulate the prediction models of pulmonary functions based on height, weight, age and gender, especially for children aged 12 years who are commonly selected for the study of health effects of the air pollution. Methods. The target pulmonary function parameters were forced vital capacity(FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1). Two hundreds and fifity-eight male and 301 female 12-year old children were included in the analysis after excluding unsatisfactory tests to the criteria recommended by American Thoracic Sosiety and excluding more or less than 20% predicted value by previous prediction equations. The weight prediction equation using height as a independent variable was calculated, and then the difference of observed weight and predicted weight (i.e. residual) was used as the independent variable of pulmonary function prediction equations with height. Results. The prediction equations of FVC and FEV1 for male are FVC(ml) = $50.84{\times}height(cm)+7.06{\times}weight$ residual 4838.86, FEV1(ml) = $43.57{\times}height(cm)+3.16{\times}weight$ residual - 4156.66, respectively. The prediction equations of FVC and FEV1 for female are FVC(ml) = $42.57{\times}height(cm)+12.50{\times}weight$ residual - 3862.39, FEV1(ml) = $36.29{\times}height(cm)+7.74{\times}weight$ residual - 3200.94, respectively. 환경오염과 관련된 건강효과 연구에서 흡연, 직업 등 교란변수의 영향을 효과적으로 배제할 수 있으면서 폐기능검사가 제대로 시행될 수 있는 연구대상으로 선호되고 있는 특정 연령층인 12세 학동의 보다 정확한 FVC와 FEV1 예측식을 만 들고자 전국 11개 중학교의 학생들(남자 256명, 여자 301명)을 대상으로 측정된 신장, 체중, 그리고 폐기능검사 값으로 신장-체중의 회귀식을 유도하였고, 이를 통해 12세 인구의 신장별 표준체중을 산출하였다. 이 표준체중과 실측체중의 차이인 잔차를 독립변수로 하여 폐기능 예측 식을 남녀별로 만들었는데, 남자의 경우는, FVC(ml) = 50.84 $\times$ 신장(cm) + 7.06 $\times$ 체중 잔차 - 4838.86, FEV1(m1) = 43.57 $\times$ 신장(cm) + 3.16 $\times$ 체증 잔차 4156.66 이었다. 여자에서는 FVC(ml) = 42.57 $\times$ 신장(cm) + 12.50 $\times$ 체중 잔차 - 3862.39, 그리고 FEV1(ml) = 36.29 $\times$ 신장(cm) + 7.74 $\times$ 체중 잔차 - 3200.94 이었다. 이렇게 얻어진 예측값들의 설명력(R2)은 남자에서 FVC, FEV1가 각각 0.708, 0.670이었고, 여자에서는 FVC, FEV1가 각각 0.580, 0.513이었다.

대기오염과 관련된 건강영향을 평가하기 위한 설문 개발

주영수,김대성,강종원,성주헌,강대희,조수헌,백도명,Ju, Yeong-Su,Kim, Dae-Sung,Kang, Jong-Won,Seong, Joo-Heon,Kang, Dae-Hee,Cho, Soo-Hun,Paek, Do-Myung 대한예방의학회 1997 예방의학회지 Vol.30 No.4

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the reliability and the validity of a questionnaire in order to determine the applicability as a screening tool for estimating environmental exposure and health effects related to air pollution. The questionnaire was developed with adopting some items of others such as ISAAC or ATS-DLD. And then we performed test-retest to 89 middle school students and their mothers at interval of three months. Cohen's Kappa values, weighted Kappa values, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and Pearson's correlation coefficients for each item were computed as reliability coefficients. The validity coefficients and validity coefficient bounds were also obtained by simply using these reliability coefficients. As results, Kappa ranged broadly from 0.10 to 0.61 of the items 'diet', $0.52\sim0.79$ of the environmental tobacco smoke, $0.39\sim0.44$ of the functional categories of surrounding environment, and $0.39\sim0.44$ of the using transportation systems; these items were regarded as confounding factors. For items related to health outcomes, Kappa ranged from -0.02 to 0.37 in the respiratory system of past medical history, and from 0.11 to 0.55 in the current health status. But Kappa of the others were over 0.60. In conclusion, if some items can be corrected or modified, the questionnaire developed in this study can be used as a tool for evaluating environmental exposure and health effects associated with air pollution.

Receiver Operating Characteristic 분석법을 이용한 업무관련성 근골격계질환 설문지 개발

권호장,주영수,조수헌,강대희,성주헌,최성우,최재욱,김재영,김돈규,김재용,Kwon, Ho-Jang,Ju, Yeong-Su,Cho, Soo-Hun,Kang, Dae-Hee,Sung, Joo-Hon,Choi, Seong-Woo,Choi, Jae-Wook,Kim, Jae-Young,Kim, Don-Gyu,Kim, Jai-Yong 대한예방의학회 1999 예방의학회지 Vol.32 No.3

ROC곡선의 AUC는 측전도구의 기준 타당도를 나타내는 가장 일반화된 지표다. 본 연구는 ROC분석법을 이용하여 현행의 근로자건강진단에서 업무관련성 근골격계 질환의 고위험군을 변별하는 표준 설문지를 개발하고자 하였다. 컴퓨터를 이용하는 선박 설계업 종사자 89명, 전화번호 안내원 113명, 일반 직업 여성 79명, 주부 89명 등 총 370명의 일차 연구대상군에 대한 재활의 학과 전문의의 최종 진단결과를 기준으로 1996년에 개발된 '근로자의 신체 증상에 관한 설문지'의 응답결과를 비교하였다. 근골격계 질환과의 관련성이 높은 문항조합을 선정하고 문항별 가중치를 산출하기 위해 로짓회귀분석, 상관분석 등을 실시하였으며, 문항조합 및 가중치 산출방법이 서로 다른 4가지 설문모형에 따른 AUC를 비교 하였다. 또한, 국내 모 자동차조립공장 근로자 225명의 설문결과와 산업의학 전문의의 진단결과 자료를 이용하여 4가지 설문모형의 AUC 재현도를 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 통계적으로 유의 한 차이는 없었으나 문항수를 줄여도 문항별 응답수준별 가중치를 부여하면 AUC가 일관되게 증가함을 확인하였다. 증상문항 4개와 신체부위문항 7개를 통합한 11개 문항에 가중치를 부여하는 모형이 변별력, 재현도, 편의성 측면에서 우수한 것으로 나타나, 이를 기준으로 새로운 업무관련성 근골격계 질환 설문지를 설계할 수 있었다. 문항수가 적으면서도 타당도는 높은 설문지를 개발하고, 상대적인 비교평가에 쓰일 수 있는 정량적 가중치를 제시한 것이 본 연구의 주요성과라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 전문의 사이의 진단기준 차이를 고려하지 못한 점, 다양한 인구집단에 적용할만한 절대적인 참고치를 제시하지 못한 점 등에서 한계가 있다. 그러나, '측정 도구의 정량적 타당도 검증을 통한 질병 감시용 도구 개발'이라는 본 연구의 기본 취지 및 접근방법은 향후 조직적인 질병 예방활동에 활용될 여지가 있을 것이다. Objectives: Receive Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve with the area under the ROC curve(AUC) is one of the most popular indicator to evaluate the criterion validity of the measurement tool. This study was conducted to develop a standardized questionnaire to discriminate workers at high-risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders using ROC analysis. Methods: The diagnostic results determined by rehabilitation medicine specialists in 370 persons(89 shipyard CAD workers, 113 telephone directory assistant operators, 79 women with occupation, and 89 housewives) were compared with participant's own replies to 'the questionnair on the worker's subjective physical symptoms'(Kwon, 1996). The AUC's from four models with different methods in item selection and weighting were compared with each other. These 4 models were applied to 225 persons, working in an assembly line of motor vehicle, for the purpose of AUC reliability test. Results: In a weighted model with 11 items, the AUC was 0.8155 in the primary study population, and 0.8026 in the secondary study population(p=0.3780). It was superior in the aspects of discriminability, reliability and convenience. A new questionnaire of musculoskeletal disorder could be constructed by this model. Conclusion: A more valid questionnaire with a small number of items and the quantitative weight scores useful for the relative comparisons are the main results of this study. While the absolute reference value applicable to the wide range of populations was not estimated, the basic intent of this study, developing a surveillance fool through quantitative validation of the measures, would serve for the systematic disease prevention activities.

소규모 초임계 이산화탄소 시험 설비 설계

최동녁(Dong-Nyeok Choi),유재영(Jae-Young Yu),권장상(Jang-Sang Kwon),이우빈(U-Bin Lee),피경진(Kyeong-Jin Pi),손창현(Chang-Hyun Son),이재영(Jaeyoung Lee),이권영(Kwon-Yeong Lee),성주헌(Ju-Hun Sung) 대한기계학회 2018 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2018 No.12

Supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO₂) refers to carbon dioxide that has both liquid and gas properties and can be applied to a power generation system that increases efficiency of generation while reducing the size of core machines. In particular, this study was planned to consider the possibility of applying s-CO cycles to solar systems, one of the new and renewable energies that has recently been under spotlight. For this plan, we try to design and manufacture a 15 kWth small s-CO₂ cycle experimental apparatus. First, we completed to draw T-s diagram after identifying the properties of each section of the s-CO₂ Brayton cycle through the ‘REFPROP 7.0’. Based on them, we drew Flow Diagram and Heat and Mass Balance Diagram for the cycle. Requirements have been created to select the suitable devices for the small s-CO₂ cycle experimental facility.

소형 초임계 이산화탄소 실험설비 평가 및 최적화

소원호(Won-Ho So),이정민(Jeong-Min Lee),조경찬(Kyung-Chan Cho),성주헌(Ju-Hun Sung),이재영(Jae-Young Lee),이권영(Kwon-Young Lee) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

The paper focuses on design of a small-scale s-CO2 test loop of about 12㎾ with solar heat as a heat source and the characteristic study of carbon dioxide through theoretical research, stabilization and optimization of experimental facilities. The thermodynamic cycle of the experimental facility is a Rankine cycle (transcritical cycle) in which liquid, gas and supercritical CO2 all exist due to limitations on the component side. The components of the experimental equipment are typically made up of pump, heater, relief valve, cooler, gas booster, air compressor, chiller, etc. To raise the cycle efficiency of the experimental facility, the optimum turbine inlet temperature and pressure were obtained, and the maximum efficiency of 18.84% was derived by simulating the introduction of IHX (internal heat exchanger).

인천시 고잔동에서 제기된 유리섬유에 의한 건강피해 역학 조사

조수헌,주영수,김경렬,이강근,홍국선,은희철,송동빈,홍재웅,권호장,하미나,한상환,성주헌,강종원,Cho, Soo-Hun,Ju, Yeong-Su,Kim, Kyung-Ryul,Lee, Kang-Kun,Hong, Kug-Sun,Eun, Hee-Chul,Song, Dong-Bin,Hong, Jae-Woong,Kwon, Ho-Jang,Ha, Mi-Na,Han, Sang 대한예방의학회 1997 예방의학회지 Vol.30 No.1

In September 1994, residents of Gozan-dong, Incheon City, made a petition to the government about their health problems which might be caused by previous glass fibre landfill nearby 'H' company. In february 1995, at regular academic meeting of occupational and environmental medicine, a research team of 'D' University presented that they had found glass fibres in groundwater of the area through their survey. They were suspicious of probable association between ingestion of groundwater contaminated with glass fibres and skin tumors among residents. A joint research team was formed and carried out the survey of environment concerning groundwater and its glass fibre existence, and health assessment of residents in the area and industrial workers of 'H' company during May to November, 1995. Analysis of groundwater flow system indicates that the flow lines from the glass fibre landfill pass through or terminate at the 6 houses around the landfill. This means that the groundwater of the 6 houses around the glass fibre landfill could be affected by some possible contaminants from the landfill, but the groundwater quality of the other houses was irrelevant to the landfill. The qualitative and qualitative analyses for glass fibres in 54 groundwater samples including those from the nearby 6 houses, were carried out using SEM equipped with EDS, resulting in no evidence for the presence of glass fibres in the waters. Major precipitates, formed in waters while boiling, were identified as calcium carbonates, in particulary, aragonites in needle form. The results of health assessments of 889 residents in Gozan-dong, participated in this study, showed statistically significant differences in past medical histories of skin tumor and respiratory disease between the exposed group (31 persons who inhabited in 6 houses around the landfill) and the control group, but no significant differences in past medical histories of other diseases, such as cancer mortality, current gastroscopic findings, current skin diseases and respiratory diseases, etc. Also, we could not prove any glass fibres in excised specimens of 9 skin tumors in both groups and there were no health problems possibly associated with glass fibres in employees of the 'H' company. After all, we could not authenticate the association, raised by prior investigators, between groundwater streams, assumedly contaminated with glass fibres or not, and specific disease morbidities or common disease/symptom prevalences. That is, we could not find any glass fibres in groundwater as the only exposure factor of this study hypothesis, and there were not enough certain evidences such as increasing disease prevalences, for examples, skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases etc, possibly related to glass fibre exposure, in exposed group. As a matter of course, the conditions for confirming causal association, for example, strength of the association, consistency of the association, specificity of the association, temporality of the association and dose-response relationship etc, have not been satisfied. In conclusion, we were not able to certify the hypothesis that contamination of groundwater with glass fibres might cause any hazardous health effects in residents who used it for drinking.

3000 kW급 3단 증기터빈의 유동특성에 대한 수치해석적 연구

김정명(Jung Myung Kim),권대삼(Dae Sam Kwon),성주헌(Ju Hun Sung),전성득(Seong Deuk Jeon),박희성(Hee Sung Park) 대한기계학회 2018 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2018 No.4

특수건강진단 자료를 이용한 소음성난청 판정기준의 비교

한상환,조수헌,주영수,하미나,윤덕로,권호장,강대희,성주헌 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Although noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the most prevalent occupational disease in Korea, only 10% of the diagnosed cases are compensated. Old (1989-94) and current diagnostic criteria, criteria for workers' compensation of NIHL in Korea, compensation formulas of American Medical Association/American association of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology (AMA/AAOO), the Committee on Hearing, Bio-Acoustics, Biomechanics (CHABA), American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) recommendation were compared. Each criterion was applied on the audiomety data of 4044 workers (8023 ears), who had received the second line screening test of Special Periodic Health Examination Program for noise-exposed workers during 1991-2. First, the resulting proportions of NIHL cases by employing each criterion were compared and strength of agreement was measured using kappa value. Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) was corrected by noise free interval, and the reduction ratio of NIHL cases was calculated. Theoretical progression model of NIHL was reconstructed from previous studies on the natural course of NIHL to evaluate the change of diagnosis result of each criterion in the model. The kappa value between old and current criteria was 0.19, 0.55 for current criteria and workers' com. criteria, ranging from 0.08 to 0.78, highest coincidence was observed between current criteria and CHABA formula. The current criteria produce most similar results with CHABA formula. If TTS is corrected for NFI, there is about 14% reduction of NIHL cases. The results of applying on NIHL progression model divided the formulas roughly into 3 groups, of which compensation criteria was the most, old criteria and AAO the least conservative. In conclusion, the result of 4 ㎑ audiometry should be excluded in evaluation of hearing level and a new hearing conservation program should be set out. Current diagnostic criteria has an ambiguity in that managerial concept for prevention and purpose of compensation is mixed up. The current diagnostic criteria and compensation criteria could be incorporated into a new formula which is based on the state of the art test for estimating everyday hearing disability.

사업장 소음 폭로에 의한 일과성 역치 상승과 회복

조수헌,하미나,한상환,주영수,성주헌,강종원,윤덕로,송동빈,이명학,김선태 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2

To determine the recovery time from noise-induced temporary threshold shift(TTS), a prospective field study was conducted at three worksites where workers are known to be exposed high level of noise. Subjects were selected according to answers on a questionnaire which inquired about otological history and previous noise exposure, including avocational, military and occupational exposures. After excluding employee with past otologic problems, recent exposure to high level noise, and under medications, total 92 employees participated in the study. Among 92 participants, complete consecutive audiometric examinations were carried out at 0∼2 hours, 5∼7 hours, 14∼16 hours after worktime noise exposure on 26 participants wearing hearing protectors and 22 participants wearing no protective devices. The difference between the hearing level 0∼2 hours after noise exposure and 5∼7 hours is statistically significant by paired t-test(p<0.01). The median recovery times calculated from the data of 22 participants wearing no protective hearing devices are 15.6 hours at 4000Hz, and 7.7 hours, 10.3 hours, 8.4 hours at 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 8000Hz respectively. These data suggest that when measuring the pure tone audiometry for noise exposed workers, at least 16 hours noise-free interval is required.

일부 간호사들에서 교대근무가 수면에 미치는 영향

윤덕로,강대희,이승준,주영수,박진구,황호영,황필규,황은주,황예원,성주헌,홍순범,황승식,황재욱,조수헌 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Industrialization has introduced various working systems into the modern society. Shift work is a good representative among those. So far various adverse health effects, possibly caused by this shift work, have mainly been reported in the fields of manufacturing industry by many other researchers ; sleep disorders, gastrointestinal disorders and cardiovascular disorders and so on, These health effects were thought to be caused by the changes of circadian rhythm on shift working. This study was especially planned to evaluate effects of shift work on sleep disorders among shift-working medical manpower like hospital nurses, important persons dealings with lives, and ultimately to provide them with basic evidence for improving work environment. The study subjects were arbitrarily selected among shift-working female nurses and day-working female pharmacists in one university hospital in Seoul, and finally 79 nurses and 58 pharmacists were enrolled. The research was conducted by using self-administered questionnaire, consisting of items about socio-behavioral factors including demographic factors which can affect sleep patterns and questions which make it possible to evaluate sleep disorders(e.g. sleeping duration, sleep latency, re-sleep latency, days of insomnia per week, drug use for sleep, and subjective symptoms). The result showed that the shift workers had significantly longer sleep and re-sleep latency, more days of insomnia, and a stronger likelihood of using drugs when they had sleep difficulty than day-working pharmacists. And the number of night shift duties per month was discovered as the only significant predictor of sleep latency. Additionally, the subjective symptoms related to sleep disorders when awake and at work, showed negligible differences between the shift workers and dayworkers. In conclusion, we found shift-work was risk factor for sleep disorders.