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김흥열,공은희 고신대학교(의대) 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 2013 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.28 No.1
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Methods: We evaluated 200 postmenopausal women who were visiting a health promotion center at a university hospital from January 2009 to December 2011. Their current medical diseases and medication history were collected through medical records. Basic physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed on all subjects. Results: The levels of serum GGT within their normal range were positively correlated with waist circumference (P = 0.01), triglycerides (P <0.001), alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.009), and uric acid (P = 0.01). The serum GGT within their normal range were negatively associated with the femur neck BMD (P = 0.002). In adjusted analysis including age and body mass index, the BMD of the femur neck was more strongly associated with a high-normal serum GGT level among the postmenopausal women as compared with those with a low-normal serum GGT level (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Serum GGT within its normal range is negatively correlated with the BMD in the femur neck among postmenopausal women. It can be useful for selecting a group that is at high risk for the bone fracture regardless of the underlying mechanism.
표준화재 재하조건 콘크리트 중공슬래브의 피복두께에 따른 화재거동에 관한 실험적 연구
김흥열,김형준,조범연,여인환,권인규 한국화재소방학회 2011 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.25 No.6
The concrete void slab structure with the existing mushroom slab, is the structure that maximizes the advantages, while minimizing the weakness with removing useless body force of the concrete part,located on the center of the slab cross-section, which does not need to support the structural weight. In this research, a fire test is performed to analyze how the blaze behave according to the thickness of slab cover, with the practical span length of concrete void slab for the slab length 7.5 m. With this heating test, we assumed the uniform-load-model considering fixed loads and live loads, and chose the standard fire test condition. We measured the temperature changes and the deflection character according to the depth from the heat exposure side, and assessed the resisting capability according to the standard KS F 2257-1. The result comes out with the EPS model can secure about 2 hour fireresisting-capability with 50 mm of cover depth. 기존의 무량판 구조와 동일한 콘크리트 중공슬래브구조는 구조적 하중지지 성능이 불필요한 슬래브 단면상의 중앙부 콘크리트를 제거하여 슬래브의 자중을 줄이고 무량판 구조의 단점을 보완하여 장점을 극대화시킨 구조형식이다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 중공슬래브 공법의 실제 스팬길이인 7.5 m에서 슬래브 피복두께에 따른 화재거동 영향성 분석을 위하여 화재실험을 수행하였다. 하중조건은 고정하중과 적재하중을 고려하여 실험체에 등분포 조건으로 사전 재하하였으며, 표준화재조건으로 재하가열 실험을 수행하였다. 슬래브의 화재가열 노출면으로부터의 깊이별 온도변화와 처짐변형 특성을 측정하였으며, KS F 2257-1평가기준에 의거하여 슬래브의 내화성능을 평가하였다. 실험결과 피복두께 50mm를 확보할 경우, EPS 중공체로 제작한 실험체의 경우 약 2시간 정도의 내화성능을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.
김흥열 고신대학교(의대) 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 1993 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.9 No.2
-Abstract- Menopause is an event common to all women. For some women, it is not difficult, but for many it arrives with complication, both physiological and psychological. Although there is perhaps no gynecologic disorder in which the indication for hormone therapy is more rational than in the treatment of typical climacteric symptoms, especially the vasomotor group, it must be remembered that many symptoms frequently observed in menopausal women are not directly due to the endocrine readjustments of this period but are more logically explained as due to environmental and psychogenic factors. Estrogen therapy is indicated for the control of acute symptoms of the hot flush and insomnia. If treated soon after onset with adequate dosage, the symptoms can usually be controlled rapidly. As the menopausal woman is not totally estrogen deficient, but only relatively deficient in respect to reproductive capacity, some women will not need constant low-dose estrogen replacement therapy as indicated in the premature menopausal patient. Prophylactic estrogen therapy for the prevention of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease may be needed. For the patient at risk for osteoporosis, low-dose prophylactic estrogen therapy may be needed. The action of estrogen on bone is to prevent calcium resorption, and there is little evidence that it will stimulate new bone formation. The two cardinal principles of hormone therapy are most important in such long-term treatment, as little “as necessary to control symptoms over as short as possible a duration”. Consequently, today a healthy fifty-year-old women can reasonably expect to live for another thirty to forty years.