한국전쟁기 제주도의 공간적 인식과 이주·개발 정책

김아람(Kim, A Ram) 동악어문학회 2018 동악어문학 Vol.75 No.-

본고에서는 한국전쟁 시기에 제주도가 피난지로 활용되면서 제주도로 피난/이주하게 된 정책과 그 실상을 밝히고자 하였다. 또한 제주도가 개발지로 기획되었던 사실과 전후 피난민이 정착하게 되는 배경을 살펴보았다. 제주도는 전쟁기에 최후의 피난 지구로 명명되며 대규모의 피난이 기획되었고, 정부가 구호에 직접 관여하는 곳이기도 했다. 한미합동으로 추진한 난민정착사업에서도 제주도의 경우 실무자들이 직접 조사하여 사업 가능성을 탐색하였다. 전쟁기 제주도에는 북한 출신의 피난민, 육지 타 지역 피난민뿐만 아니라 공군작전으로 이송된 고아와 징집되어 군인이 된 사람들도 있었다. ‘고아대피작전’은 미국 민간으로부터의 고아 원조가 확대되는 계기였으나 그 주체와 성과가 과장된 면이 있다. 모슬포의 제1훈련소는 열악한 환경과 국민방위군 고위직의 부정이 얽혀 피폐한 상황이었다. 제주도는 개발 지역으로도 주목되어 대규모의 사업이 기획되었으나 현실화되지 못하였다. 전쟁이 끝난 후 많은 사람들이 육지로 되돌아갔다. 제주도에 남은 이주민들은 난민정착사업의 대상이 되었으나 정착 과정은 장기로 이어졌다. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the policy and the fact that Jeju Island evacuated / migrated to Jeju Island during the Korean War as a refuge. I also looked at the fact that Jeju Island was planned as a development area and the background of the settlement of refugees in Jeju. Jeju was named as the last evacuation zone in the war, and the biggest evacuation was planned, and the government was directly involved in the relief. In the case of the refugee Resettlement Project promoted jointly by the ROK and the US, Jeju was searched by the practitioners directly for the possibility of business. Although the destruction of the 4․3 incident and the war have been harmful, the farmers in Jeju were hoping to resume farming. During the war, there were not only refugees from North Korea, refugees from other parts of the world, but also the orphans who were transferred to the air force operations. ‘Operation of Kiddy Car Airlift’ was an opportunity to promote orphan aid in the United States, but its subject and achievement are exaggerated. Moslpos" No. 1 training camp was a situation where the poor environment and the denials of high-ranking officials of the National Defense Force were tangled together. Jeju Island attracted attention as a development area, and a large-scale project was planned, but it was not realized. After the war, the immigrants left in Jeju Island became the subject of the refugee resettlement project, but it can be seen that it was not implemented in the case of the Bubhochon.

동해 남부 연안 해역에서 냉수대 발생이 식물플랑크톤 군집에 미치는 영향

김아람,윤석현,정미희,윤상철,문창호,Kim, A-Ram,Youn, Seok-Hyun,Chung, Mi-Hee,Yoon, Sang-Chol,Moon, Chang-Ho 한국해양학회 2014 바다 Vol.19 No.4

냉수대 발생 전 후의 해양 환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집 구조 및 크기를 파악을 위해 여름철 빈번하게 냉수대가 발생되는 동해 남부 해역(울산 정자~부산 일광) 18개 정점에서 2013년 5월부터 8월까지 냉수대 발생 환경 및 식물플랑크톤 군집 구조를 조사하였다. 냉수대는 7월과 8월에 연안 정점(A1, B1, C1)에서 발생하였고, 표층에서 저온 고염의 특성을 보였다. 이 시기에 영양염은 수온과 유의한 음의 상관관계(DIP, r=-0.218, p<0.01; DIN, r=-0.306, p<0.01; silicate, r=-0.274, p<0.01)를 보여, 찬 해수가 분포하는 표층에 영양염이 풍부함을 알 수 있었다. 출현한 식물플랑크톤은 총 186종이었고, 현존량은 5월(C1, $726{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$)과 7월(A1, $539{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$)에 높았다. 또한, 연안 정점에서 총 chl. a 와 소형플랑크톤 chl. a ($>20{\mu}m$)의 농도가 냉수대 발생 시기인 7, 8월에 뚜렷하게 증가한 반면, 수온약층이 형성된 6월에는 현저하게 낮았다. 6월의 우점종은 Pseudo-nitzschia spp.이었고, 그 세포 크기는 $309{\mu}m^3$로 다른 시기의 식물플랑크톤의 1/10 수준에 머무는 작은 크기였다. 이러한 결과는 7월과 8월에 총 chl. a의 증가와 식물플랑크톤의 크기 증가가 냉수대 발생 시에 표층으로 공급된 영양염의 영향임을 시사한다. 이러한 해양 환경 특성과 식물플랑크톤 출현양상은 연안 정점에서 뚜렷하게 보였고, 외측 정점에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 이 연구에서는 동해 남부 해역에서 냉수대가 발생하면 식물플랑크톤의 현존량 증가와 더불어 비교적 크기가 큰 식물플랑크톤의 출현 빈도가 증가하는 현상을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 하계에도 불구하고 동해 남부 연안 해역에서 냉수대 발생에 따른 영양염 공급은 식물플랑크톤 군집조성과 현존량에 상당한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. In order to understand environment condition and phytoplankton community before and after coastal upwelling, the influences of upwelling events on phytoplankton community were studied at 18 stations located the Southern part of East Sea, Korea from May to August 2013. The surface water masses showed low temperature and high salinity due to upwelling events at coastal stations (A1, B1, C1). Correlation between temperature and nutrients (DIP, r=-0.218, p<0.01; DIN, r=-0.306, p<0.01; silicate, r=-0.274, p<0.01) was significantly negative. This result could be explained that nutrients were supplied to surface water by the upwelling of bottom water. Phytoplankton communities were composed of 186 species. Phytoplankton abundance were relatively high in May (C1, $726{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$) and July (A1, $539{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$). Total chlorophyll a and micro-size fraction ($>20{\mu}m$) increased at coastal stations in July and August, while phytoplankton abundance and total chl. a was much low in June. Dominant species in June was Pseudo-nitzschia spp. of which the cell size was $309{\mu}m^3$. Cell size of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. was smaller than dominant species in other period. Therefore, the increase in total chloro-phyll a and the size of phytoplankton was resulted in the sufficient supply of nutrients. In contrast, these tendencies were not observed at outside stations. These results suggested that coastal upwelling was an important influencing factor to determine the species composition and standing stock of phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of the Southern part of East Sea, Korea.

38선 넘고 바다 건너 한라산까지, 월남민의 제주도 정착 과정과 삶

김아람 ( Kim A Ram ) 역사문제연구소 2016 역사문제연구 Vol.20 No.1

The present dissertation aimed at clarifying the destruction of life brought about by war, the recovery of life, the reality of reconstruction in the region during the 1950s, and its meanings, through a process in which residents north of the 38th parallel became residents of Jeju island. Thus, the study attempted to focus on the following issues. The first is the succession and change of life before and after defection to the South. Here, conditions like the presence of a Christian faith, socioeconomic status in North Korea including family members, and the motivation for defection had a complex effect. The second is the war experience of refugees. From the perspective of the government and the US military during the war, refugees were the most important civil affair, but their policy aim was to reduce interruptions in terms of military operations, and the main contents involved surveillance and control. The actual experiences of refugees are displayed, not by a number, but by how the war destroyed lives and what efforts and will power were required by the persons involved to subsequently restore their lives. The third is the relationship between the settlement by the North Korean refugees and the church. The evacuation of the North Korean refugees was the decisive cause that expanded the Christian church in Jeju island, and the church played a certain role in settling the North Korean refugees in Jeju island. `Boebhochon` is the place where a Resettlement Project and the founding of a church was accomplished together by an elder. The fourth is an aspect of Resettlement Project in the 1950s. Because the North Korean refugees were unable to return to their original residence after the war, the government and the US conducted new policy in regards to them. The `Resettlement Project` was begun to settle North Korean refugees and was conducted in Jeju island as a recovery project for the victims of the Jeju Uprising. The Resettlement Project as expanded to refugees in South Korea and regular urban residents by the mid 1960s. With the case of Beobhochon, the study will be able to analyze the planning, management, and results of the Resettlement Project, which was a major relief policy by the Syngman Rhee government.

이산화탄소 격리저장시스템의 역학적 안정성 평가를 위한 주입온도 및 주입량 시나리오 해석

김아람(A-Ram Kim),김형목(Hyung-Mok Kim) 한국암반공학회 2016 터널과지하공간 Vol.26 No.1

향후 국내에서 수행될 이산화탄소 지중저장 프로젝트의 성공적인 수행을 위해서는 현장 지질조건에 최적화된 주입 조건을 설계하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주입량 및 주입온도 등의 주입조건이 격리저장시스템의 역학적 안정성에 미치는 영향을 열-수리-역학 연계해석기법의 하나인 TOUGH-FLAC 해석기법을 이용하여 평가하였다. 저장시스템의 역학적 안정성은 기존 균열의 전단미끄러짐 발생가능성을 활동마찰각 및 응력원을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이산화탄소의 주입온도가 저류층의 초기온도보다 낮은 저온주입의 조건에도 열응력으로 인한 인장균열은 발생하지 않는 것으로 파악되었으나, 저류층에서 전단미끄러짐이 발생하는 결과를 보였다. 단위시간당 이산화탄소 주입량을 변화시킨 시나리오 해석에서는 단계별로 주입량을 감소시키는 주입시나리오에서 기존 균열들의 전단미끄러짐 발생 가능성이 가장 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. For a successful accomplishment of Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) projects, appropriate injection conditions should be designed and optimized for site specific geological conditions. In this study, we evaluated the effect of injection conditions such as injection temperature and injection rate on the geomechanical stability of CCS system in terms of TOUGH-FLAC simulator, which is one of the well-known T-H-M coupled analysis methods. The stability of the storage system was assessed by a shear slip potential of the pre-existing fractures both in a reservoir and caprock, expressed by mobilized friction angle and Mohr stress circle. We demonstrated that no tensile fracturing was induced even in the cold CO2 injection, where the injected CO2 temperature is much lower than that of the reservoir and tensile thermal stress is generated, but shear slip of the fractures in the reservoir may occur. We also conducted a scenario analysis by varying injected CO2 volume per unit time, and found out that it was when the injection rate was decreasing in a step-wise that showed the least potential of a shear slip.

필라테스 지도자의 전문성과 매력성이 참여자의 감정반응 및 몰입도에 미치는 영향

김아람(Kim, A-Ram),김용은(Kim, Yong-Eun),민솔비(Min, Sol-Bi),선혁규(Sun, Hyuk-Kyu),김준(Kim, Jun) 한국사회체육학회 2019 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.78

Purpose: This study is purposed to professionalism and attractiveness of Pilates instructors on participant’s emotional reaction and flow degree Method: To do this, 234 effective sample data were selected using purposeful sampling of subjects who live in Gwangju. Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s α, correlation analysis, and simple regression analysis in SPSS 23.0 FOR Windows statistical package were used. Results: The results of this study are as follows. 1) Professionalism, instruction skill and practical knowledge ability positively influenced the positive response. Practical knowledge ability and personality, which are sub-factors of professionalism, negatively influenced the negative reaction. 2) Leadership skills, which is a sub-factor of professionalism, positively influenced cognitive flow degree. Map technology, personality, and member management, which are sub factors of professionalism, positively influenced behavioral flow degree. 3) Attractiveness, likability, familiarity, and similarity positively influenced the positive reaction, which are sub-factors of emotional reaction. Whereas familiarity and likability of attractiveness, negatively affected the negative reaction. 4) Attractiveness, likability, familiarity, and similarity had a positive effect on cognitive flow & behavioral flow, which are sub factors of flow degree. Conclusion: In summary, the findings in this study confirm that professionalism and attractiveness of Pilates instructors affect the emotional reaction and flow degree of participants.

CT Urography검사 시, Bladder의 조영제 충만을 위한 환자의 자세변화에 관한 연구

김아람(A ram kim),오동준(Dong jun Oh),윤승민(Seung min Yun),이숙희(Sook hee Lee),김형기(Hyung ki Kim) 대한CT영상기술학회 2013 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.15 No.1

목적 : Urography CT 8min 지연상에서 환자의 position change에 따라 bladder filling 영상이 어떻게 변하는 지에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 2011년 1월부터 2013년 1월까지 본원 비뇨기과를 내원한 환자 중 조영 Urography CT 검사를 처방 받은 환자를 대상으로 하였고, 그 중 6개월 또는 1년 추적검사를 시행한 환자30명을 선정하였다. Bladder에 질환이 있는 환자는 연구 대상에서 제외 시켰으며, GFR과 creatine수치가 정상범위에 근접한 환자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 30명의 환자 중 남자 21명, 여자 9명이였으며, 환자의 연령분포는 34세부터 66세였고, 평균연령은 47 ± 11세 이었다. MDCT 64 Slice CT Scanner (Brilliance64, Philips medical system, Netherlands)장치를 사용하였으며, 조영제 자동주입기는 MEDRAD사의 Stellant auto injector를 사용하였다. 환자의 자세변화에 따른 조영제의 Bladder filling대한 정량적 분석에 사용된 소프트웨어는 Rapidia(Version 2.8, infinity Healthcare)를 사용하였고, 측정 DATA의 통계학적 검정은 SPSS 20.0(SPSS Inc, Chicago,IL, USA)을 사용하였다. 결과 : 정량적으로 측정한 Bladder 내 CT number 표준편차의 평균은 A group(n=30)인 Prone후 바로 Supine position 을 한 그룹보다 B group인 Prone후 한 바퀴 반 회전 뒤 양 측 와위자세에서 좌ㆍ우 10회 흔든 후 supine position 그룹에서 낮았으며 p<0.05로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 5점 척도를 이용한 3명의 평가자간 점수비교에서 B group인 Prone후 한 바퀴 반 회전 뒤 양 측 와위자세에서 좌ㆍ우 10회 흔든 후 supine position 그룹에서 높게 나타났으며 p<0.05로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3명의 평가자간 신뢰도는 ICC>0.8(p<0.05)로 신뢰도가 높게 나타났다. 결론 : CT urography 검사 시 8min delay 영상에서 환자를 prone후 바로 supine position을 취한 뒤 검사하는 것보다 prone후 환자를 한 바퀴 반 회전시킨 뒤 양 측 와위 position에서 환자골반을 잡고 좌ㆍ우 10회씩 흔든 후 supine position을 취한 뒤 검사를 하는 것이 Bladder 내 소변과 조영제가 적절히 희석되어 보다 균질한 영상을 획득할 수 있었고 이에 따라 Bladder의 병변을 잘 묘출하게 되로써 진단에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : We try to find the change of bladder filling on Urography CT 8min delay image by changing patient position. Materials and methods : We choose 30 patients who are normal GFR, creatine and performed Urography CT and 1year or 6 month follow up study from 2011.1 to 2013.1 Average age of the patients is 47.6 (21 males, 9 females). All the patients fasts for 6hours and we started study when they hold a urine at least 3hours. Machines for this study and analysis is MDCT (Brilliance 64, Philips medical system, Netherlands), Stellant auto injector (MEDRAD) and Rapidia program (INFINITT). The protocol of Urography is the same as our hospital (120Kvp, mAs/slice = 400, Resolution = Standard, Collimation = 64 X 0.625, Pitch = 0.64, Rotation time = 0.75). We injected total 150cc contrast media with 3.0cc/sec flow rate and compared and analised using Rapidia program after getiing a 3mm slice thickness image. Result : B Group (Supine position after rotating patient 540 degree and shaking patient with decubitus position) has lower value than A Group (Supinr position after prone) on average of CT Number standard deviation in bladder with quantitiative measure. And it shows statistically significant differences. (p <0.05) 3 evaluators compared two groups with 5 point score. Also B group gets a higher score and shows statistically significant differences. (p <0.05) Reliability between 3 evaluators is high ICC>0.08 (p<0.05) Conclusion : Making a supine position after prone and rotating patient about 540 degree and shaking 10 times with holding patient’s pelvis can make it possible to get more homogeneous image by showing almost equal concentration of contrast on bladder than directly making a supine position on 8min delay image of Urography CT. And it will be helpful for diagnosis showing the lesion inside bladder well

학교에서 거리로, 도시에서 농촌으로:1960~70년대 이념서클의 학생운동-연세대 한국문제연구회를 중심으로-

김아람 ( Kim¸ A Ram ) 연세사학연구회 2021 學林 Vol.48 No.-

연세대 한국문제연구회는 1960년대에 한일협정 반대, 삼선개헌 반대 투쟁을 하는데 주도적인 역할을 한 이념서클이었다. 한연회는 출발 당시부터 총학생회에 참여하였고, 이후에도 운동의 중심이 되어 총학생회를 선도하거나 비판하기도 했다. 타 대학과의 연대 활동에서도 주축이 되었다. 1971년 위수령으로 한연회가 강제해산되었지만 출신 멤버는 민청학련 사건으로 구속되었고, 후신 조직인 민족문화연구회는 1975년 시위를 이끌었다. 연세대의 사례로 보면, 1970년대에 이념서클 출신 멤버와 후신 조직이 활발하게 반유신 투쟁에 참여하여 1960년대와의 연속성을 보여준다. 이 흐름은 대학생이 정권의 억압에 지속적으로 저항하고 헌신했던 과정이기도 했다. 또한 이념서클은 대학생의 일상 문화를 공유하는 장이자 농촌활동으로 학생운동을 주도하는 주체였다. 한연회는 농활을 학생운동으로 인식하고 농촌의 현실을 분석하여 가능한 역할을 모색하고 있었다. 도시 대학생들의 단기간의 경험이 농촌문제를 파악하고 연대한다는 것에 분명한 한계가 있었을 것이다. 농촌이 도시 시위에 지친 학생들의 ‘피신처’였을지도 모른다는 비판도 있다. 하지만 이념서클의 ‘학생운동’은 당대 대학생의 입장에서 다각도에서 그 의미를 찾을 수 있고, 농활은 도시-농촌 문제를 환기하고 자기 비판을 할 수 있는 계기를 마련하는 것이었다. Yonsei University’s Korean Studies Association was an ideological group that played a leading role in the struggle against the Korea-Japan Agreement and the three-way amendment in the 1960s. The KSA participated in the student council from beginning, and later became the center of the movement, leading or opposing the student council. It also played a major role in solidarity activities with other universities. In 1971, the KSA was forcibly disbanded by the Garrison decree. Its members were arrested in the Mincheonghakryeon, and the National Culture Research Association, a successor organization, led the protests in 1975. In the case of Yonsei University, members from ideological groups and posterior organizations actively participated in the anti-Yushin Regime struggles of the 1970s, showing continuity with the 1960s. This trend was part of a process in which college students continued to resist and devote themselves to fighting the oppression of the regime. In addition, the ideological group was a place to share the daily culture of college students and led the student movements through rural activities. The KSA recognized agricultural activity as an element of the student movements and sought a possible role by analyzing the reality of rural areas. There must have been a clear limitation, in that urban college students’ short-term experience identified and solidified rural problems. There is also criticism that rural areas may have been a “place of refuge” for students tired of urban protests. However, the “student movement” of the ideological groups sought to find its meaning from the perspective of college students at the time from various angles and agricultural activity was to evoke urban-rural problems and to provide an opportunity to practice self-reflection.

비만정도가 여중생의 골밀도에 미치는 영향

김아람(Kim, A-Ram) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of level of obesity on bone density of female student in a junior high school. According to the result of study on the effect of level of obesity on bone density of junior high school female students, bone density of whole body, there was a significant difference between lumbar 1(p<.01) and lumbar 2·3·4·total(p<.001) and an ex-post analysis showed that the group with low body weight had a lower bone density than obesity and normal weight obesity groups and the obesity group had a significantly higher bone density except than other groups except lumbar 4. There was a significant difference in femur neck, troch, and total (p<.001) and the ex-post analysis showed that the group with low boy weight had a significantly lower femur neck and femur total than the normal body weight group, obesity group, and normal weight obesity group and obesity group had a significantly higher bone density than normal body weight group. This means that adolescents who are in obesity group have a higher bone density than other groups and low body weight has a bad influence on bone density, therefore, it was confirmed that body weight of female junior high school students affects bone density.

1950년대 혼혈인에 대한 인식과 해외 입양

김아람 ( Kim A Ram ) 역사문제연구소 2009 역사문제연구 Vol.13 No.2

In the 1950s, in South Korea the paternal lineage was evidently crucial in the conceptualization of both the nation and the national population. We can see that from the country`s and the society`s perception of the hybrid(mixed blood) population. The number of offsprings from a foreigner male-Korean female couple increased during the U.S. Military government period and the Korean war. And after the war, as many of the females found themselves in a forced position to make a living, some of them started to resort to prostitution. As a result, `base-towns` were formed around U.S. army bases stationed in Korea, after the war. Prostitutes gathered around in such base-towns, and after the stationing of U.S. troops the American males and Korean females started having prolonged relationships, which led to a rapid increase in births of the hybrids. The perception of the country, the society and the base-town residents viewing the situation, presented itself as a perception hiding or excluding hybrids with different paternal bloodlines from the community. The Korean Law of nationality was based upon the principle of generally recognizing the paternal bloodline of an individual, so it was difficult for the hybrids to be recognized and acknowledged by others as a legitimate countrymen. The social atmosphere considered the task of maintaining a father-based family order and of maintaining females` chastity to be highly important, so giving birth to a hybrid was considered as a wrongdoing and fault of the female. And even with no bases, the mother of a hybrid was immediately believed to be a prostitute. The residents of the base-towns were economically linked with U.S. military camps, but there were also clashes between the villagers and the troops, and the residents also not that much welcomed the fact that entertainment businesses were thriving in their living areas and a lot of outsiders were flowing into their realm. The government`s legal dismissal, society`s criticism of the prostitutes, and the viewpoint of the base-town residents, all continued to haunt the hybrids. The Rhee Syngman regime wanted to isolate the hybrids from the society, yet failed to do so. Instead the government strongly recommended that such hybrids be sent oversea. In the post-war period, so many `countrymen` needed help from the government, so the government could not afford to care for the `non-countrymen hybrids`-especially the orphans-as well. The adoption process for the hybrid children was actively undertaken by the Christian civilian agencies, and most of them were adopted into American families. Yet the foreign families and the hybrids from Korea never met with each other directly, and the agency intermediated the whole process is called proxy-adoption`. A large number of children were adopted over the sea through the proxy-adoption, yet insufficient data or preparation led to many failures as well. And the Korean government did not engage in either law-making efforts or institutional efforts regarding the issue of foreign adoption. The government only wished more hybrid children to be shipped off the Korean peninsula, through intermediary agencies.

중년 여성의 유산소 운동능력에 따른 신체구성, 동맥경직도 및 전신 골밀도에 미치는 영향

김아람(Kim, A-Ram),심유진(Shim, Yoo-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2020 한국체육과학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Aerobic exercise capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk associated with obesity that threatens the health of middle-aged people and this analyzed the effects of aerobic exercise capacity on body composition, arterial stiffness, and total body BMD of middle-aged women. Also, there was no significant difference in BMD and bone density of the whole body between the HF group of above average and the LF group of below average cardiovascular endurance. For body composition, the HF group of above average cardiovascular endurance showed a significant difference from the LF group of below average cardiovascular endurance in skeletal muscle mass, volume of body fat, total weight without fat, and BMI, and there was a significant difference between the HF group of above average cardiovascular endurance and the LF group of below average cardiovascular endurance in right brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV) but no significant difference in left brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV). Also, there was a partial difference in body composition, arteriosclerosis, and bone density according to the level of aerobic exercise capacity. Especially in the case of physical composition and arteriosclerosis, aerobic exercise capacity is a predictive independent factor of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. It is believed that follow-up studies on a relationship between various population groups and aerobic exercise capacity will be necessary through variables such as exercise and diet.