임철우의 『봄날』에 나타난 ‘환(幻)체험’과 주체의 존재 방식

김세나(Kim, Se Na) 한국현대소설학회 2023 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.92

This research aims to examine the characteristics of illusory experiences depicted in Cheolwoo Lims “Spring Day” and understand the mechanisms through which subjects are propelled. The circumstances of the events that occurred during the Gwangju Uprising provide not only a subject of traumatic factors but also an opportunity to explore the ways in which subjects are driven. Despite sharing the same space, individuals with different perspectives struggle to find the causes behind their choices and actions, resulting in an inability to clearly comprehend the situation. This manifests through illusory experiences, specifically in the form of visual hallucinations (幻視) and auditory hallucinations (幻聽), within the context of an absolute atmosphere of terror. The narrative structure of “Spring Day” by Cheolwoo Lim transcends the binary framework of perpetrator/victim, portraying a tragic relationship that unfolds within a single family involving the military and civilian forces during the Gwangju Uprising. By distinguishing between the realms of “speech” and “voice,” which coexist in the same “Gwangju” space, we can examine the subjects perception of the world. Speech, which acts to maintain the subjects existence, serves as a meaningful object that confirms the subjects beliefs. Those individuals who can be identified as members of the military or perpetrators are forced to justify their actions based on the content of commanding officers speech. In contrast, the background that propels the civilian forces lies within the realm of “voice.” The civilian forces or ordinary citizens, completely cut off from the outside world within the confines of Gwangjus streets, can only rely on the “voice of women” to assess the current situation. The womans voice, rather than belonging to the realm of conveying meaning based on the content of speech, possesses the nature of “self-referential assertion” and carries its effects through its form. It gradually overwhelms the citizens through an impassioned voice transmitted as “anguished sobbing, cries, and pleas.” In this way, behind the 10 days of Gwangju, where subjects cannot objectively perceive reality, lies the aftermath of state violence. The temporal and spatial dimensions of Gwangju, shaped during the course of the incident carried out to establish the foundation of the new military regime, leave behind records of unprecedented illusory experiences in history. The battles undertaken by the military and civilian forces in pursuit of their respective “just causes” result in an extraordinary situation where the state directly attacks the citizens autonomous space, and the citizens themselves find themselves at a paradoxical crossroad, compelled to rely on violence. The significance of Cheolwoo Lims “Spring Day” lies in its exploration of the existence of subjects overwhelmed by illusory experiences and their modes of being.

연구논문 : 대전,충청지역 어린이의 비타민,무기질 보충제 섭취 실태

김세나 ( Se Na Kim ),김선효 ( Sun Hyo Kim ) 한국식생활문화학회 2010 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

We surveyed 821 children (ages 12-15 y) in Daejeon city and Cunngcheong province, Korea for their use of vitamin·mineral supplements (VMS), either over-the-counter drugs and/or health functional foods (HFF). We also considered the significant variables of VMS use, including demographic characteristics, health-related variables, eating habits and nutritional beliefs of VMS by subjects. The frequency of VMS use was 24.8% and, in comparison to counterparts, it was higher in subjects attending middle school (p<0.001), in those living in a large city (p<0.001), in those with a high monthly family income (p<0.05), and in those with high concerns about school performance by parents (p<0.01). Self-health concerns by subjects (p<0.05) and concerns about health of offspring by parents (p<0.01) were higher in users than in nonusers. Eating habits of subjects did not affect the use of VMS. Users had a more positive view concerning the potential health benefits of VMS than did nonusers (p<0.05). Most users took VMS when they were healthy (78.9%) and expected `disease prevention and health maintenance` (44.6%). However, most users did not feel any special effects from VMS use (58.8%), and they got their information on VMS through family and relatives (53.9%). Users of VMS preferred vitamin C supplements (44.2%) and Ca-supplements (56.9%). Therefore, the results show that VMS use is widely spread among the subjects, and that use of VMS is influenced by multiple variables and subjective criteria. Therefore, practical guidelines on VMS use for children`s health and growth should be given through nutritional education.

오정희 소설의 기억 서사 형식 연구

김세나(Kim, Se-na) 국어국문학회 2014 국어국문학 Vol.- No.169

오정희의 「바람의 넋」은 기억-서사의 형식이 주체 구성을 위한 하나의 방법론이 될 수 있음을 살필 수 있는 작품이다. 기억은 인간의 삶에 실존 조건이 되며, 주체는 과거의 기억을 망각하거나 회상하는 과정을 통해 새로이 자신을 구성할 수 있다. 기억과 망각, 회상은 하나의 짝을 이루면서 주체의 자리에 이르기 위한 형식이 된다. 「바람의 넋」의 은수에게 과거의 망각된 원체험은 그 파상적 힘을 발휘하며 현재의 삶에 정체를 알 수 없는 불안을 야기한다. 회상은 현재의 위치에서 과거의 기억을 불러일으킨다는 점에서 언제나 파상적 힘을 발휘할 수밖에 없다. 뿐만 아니라 현재의 삶이 과거와 단락될 수 없다는 점에서도 회상은 주체성 개념과 긴밀한 관계를 지니게 된다. 과거의 해소되지 못한 기억들을 피하거나 덮어두려 하면 주체의 자리에 서지 못하게 되는 것이다. 은수의 잦은 가출과 이를 용인할 수 없는 주변 상황의 대비를 통해 「바람의 넋」은 망각과 기억하기의 행위를 극대화하는 효과를 발휘하고 있다. 오로지 홀로 겪어야 하며 텅 빈 상태, 자신이 무(無)화되는 체험을 겪는 과정을 통해 은수는 주체의 자리에 설 수 있게 된다. 이는 자신의 분열을 감당하면서 부정성을 체현하고자 하는 모습으로 형상화되며 주체로 자리매김되는 과정으로 나타난다. 우리 문학에서의 오정희가 보여준 세계의 특징은 개인의 내밀한 경험영역을 누구보다도 정밀하게 드러내 보임으로써 존재의 불안정성에 의문을 제기하는 것이다. 특히 평범한 일상생활 속에서 무료한 존재적 삶을 살아가는 중산층 혹은 여성의 내적세계를 집중 조명하면서, 자칫 무미건조한 일상성의 소재로 전락할 수 있는 대상을 해부하여 진단하는 듯한 세밀성을 보인다. 「바람의 넋」에 나타난 기억-서사의 틀은 개인의 일상성 안에 흉물스럽게 자리하고 있는 불안과 초조의 표면을 들춰내고, 개인의 문제와 역사?사회적 문제로 확장하는 시선을 보여주고 있다는 점에서 의의가 있는 작품이다. 뿐만 아니라 삶을 이분법적 질서로 구획하여 바라보는 태도를 지양하는 작가의 의도 역시 고찰할 수 있었다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다. The Spirit of Wind by Oh Jeong Hee is a work that offers a glimpse on how the style of memory-narrative can become a method to form an agent in itself. Memory becomes an existential condition to human life and the agent, through the process of forgetting one’s memory or reflecting on it, can form a new self. Memory and oblivion, as well as remembrance form partners to one another and become a style to reach the right location of the self. The Spirit of the Wind shows Eunsu’s forgotten memory which exerts a destructive power and causes anxiety that cannot be pinpointed. Remembrance can only exert destructive power in that it triggers the memory of the past from the vantage point of the present. Moreover, because of the fact that the life in present tense cannot be severed from that in the past tense, remembrance is closely related to the concept of agency. When one tries to avoid or gloss over unresolved issues and memories from the past, the self loses its proper location. The frequent running away of Eunsu and the surrounding environment that does not tolerate such behavior shows a contrast where the act of forgetting and remembering exert the greatest power in The Spirit of the Wind. Through experiencing a state where a void is felt by oneself and where oneself turns into nothing, Eunsu can finally establish his self agency. This is expressed through his effort to survive and experience his self-division and negativity, through which he is reborn as a self-willed being and agent of his life. The world shown in Oh’s novels is characterized by a detailed focus on internal experiences of individuals, thereby posing a question on the instability of existence. In particular, by shedding light on the internal lives of the middle class or women who are going through their daily motions, the author anatomizes the subject that could have been relegated to a topic of dull, daily life. The framework of memory-narrative shown in The Spirit of the Wind is significant in that it unveils the instability and anxiety hidden inside our daily lives and applies a viewpoint where the individuals’ issues are expanded in a historical-social context. Moreover, the intention of the author to avert a binary perspective in viewing the world in either black or white can also be perceived.

식이에 첨가한 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)가 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 쥐에서 간조직의 항산화 체계에 미치는 영향

김세나(Kim Se-Na),김민석(Kim Min-Seok),박현서(Park Hyun-Suh) 韓國營養學會 2007 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.40 No.2

The study was designed to observe antioxidant activities of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by determining antioxidant enzyme protein levels [cytochrome P4502 E1 (CYP2E1), Copper, Zinc-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST)] by Western blot analysis and the levels of α-tocopherol and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the liver of chronically ethanol-treated rats. Sixty Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 3 groups (Control, EtOH, EtOH+CLA). All rats were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 4 weeks by pair-feeding against the EtOH group. The liquid diet was supplemented with l.77g CLA mixture per kg diet in the EtOH+CLA group. Isocaloric maltose dextrin was added in replace of 50g ethanol (36%㎉) for the Control group. Ethanol ingestion significantly increased the levels of CYP2E1 protein and TBARS, but significantly reduced CuZn-SOD protein level and increased GST protein level. There was no significant effect on the level of GSH-Px protein and α-tocopherol in the liver by ethanol. CLA supplementation with ethanol significantly increased the levels of CuZn-SOD, GSH-Px and GST and also significantly attenuated TBARS level, whereas there was no significant effect on the levels of CYP2E1 protein and α-tocopherol by CLA. Overall, the CLA supplemented to ethanol could significantly increase the levels of CuZn-SOD, GSH-Px and GST proteins and reduce the level of TBARS in the liver of chronically ethanol-treated rats. (Korean J Nutrition 40(2): 105~110, 2007)

서정인 소설 『달궁』의 서술 형식에 나타난 세계 대응 방식

김세나(Kim, Se-Na) 한국현대소설학회 2020 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.77

This essay was intended to analyze the formal experiment in Seo Jung-in’s series of Dall-Gung and the corresponding method to the world that could identified from that. In relation to Korea’s modernity in postwar, Seo Jung-in is one of the authors who have been working on creative work for a long time. Dall-Gung series is a work that can be seen that the contradictions occurring structurally in society are expressed through formal experimentation, by focusing on the problems of a transition period to tradition and modernity. The author’s strategic intentions in Dall-Gung should be understood in that it is difficult to distinguish clearly between the narrative form, and the discourse form of characters. The structure of the text is developed in the form of mosaics and appears in the form of destroying traditional narrative grammar. It is developed as a series of various episodes and shows a cross-section of Korean modern and contemporary history. It can be seen that it contains a relativist viewpoint from that the discourse between characters is also described without being formally divided. Examining the main character, In-sil’s status and the characteristics of the diverse people she meets are also a prerequisite for understanding the Dall-Gung. The characters were appeared intentionally distinguished and it could examine the problems of modernization that have become monolithic in the relationship between vertical order of rank. In this point, it can be seen that the status of ‘In-sil’ which is observing and representing various characters is moving beyond the personal dimension to the dimension that contains many characters’ voices. The philosophical and esoterical discourses appearing in various places are functioning as a protruding index that interferes with the organic concept of the narrative flow. The formal strategy that expands the denotation of interpretation could be examined through the ‘Bible’ and ‘Poetry’. The discourse between the characters which evokes a society where individual free expression is impossible is excluded, and it shows the effect of evoking the atmosphere of suppressed Korean modern history.

오정희 소설에 나타난 충동의 논리

김세나(Kim, Se-na) 우리말글학회 2014 우리말 글 Vol.63 No.-

본 글에서는 오정희 소설에 나타난 관계의 단절과 그로 인해 파생되는 충동의 회로를 살피고 있다. 욕망과는 달리 충동은 대상의 선취를 목적으로 하지 않으면서 선취 직전의 반복되는 틀을 유지하는 데 그 목적이 있다. ‘회로 속의 회귀’라 이름할 수 있는 충동 양상은 오정희 소설의 특성을 설명하는 데 있어 새로운 연구 시각이 될 수 있다. 주인공들에게 놓여진 반복적이며 무의미한 일상과 그 이후에 연결되는 일탈적 행동은 충동의 논리로 이해할 수 있다. 구체적으로 아물지 않은 과거의 상처는 현재의 일상에 균열을 가하면서 인물들이 파괴적 충동을 일으키게끔 작용하게 된다. 죽은 아이나 어머니처럼 이미 상실된 대상으로 나타나는 과거의 상처들은 현재의 일상에서 회상과 환상의 형식으로 나타나 삶에 균열을 일으킨다. 단절된 관계 양상을 극복하길 시도하는 「불의 강」의 ‘그’는 방화라는 파괴적 충동 양상을 보여준다. 그러나 이는 반복되는 일상과의 단절을 시도하는 것으로 새로운 부부 관계의 양상을 갈구하기 때문에 나타난 결과로 이해되어야 한다. 반면 소극적인 자세로 일관하는 ‘나’의 태도는 텅 빈 제스처로 남편에게 대응하는 것으로 이해되면서 이들 사이의 단절된 관계가 해소되지 못했음을 알 수 있다. 「안개의 둑」 역시 부부 사이에 벌어진 틈을 메우려는 시도로 여행을 떠나온 나와 아내의 관계를 보여준다. 외부로부터 피해 받았다는 인식은 누군가 나를 응시하는 듯한 상태로 나타난다. 안마사는 주인공의 내면에 억압된 상태를 드러내는 인물로 나타나면서, 외화된 욕망의 표출로 이해할 수 있다. 결국 장님인 안마사를 길가에 버려두고 돌아오는 나의 행위는 진정한 자신의 내면적 목소리를 외면하게 되는 상황이다. 부녀지간의 화투 게임을 소재로 하고 있는 「저녁의 게임」 역시 아버지와 과거의 사건으로 인해 원만한 관계를 이루지 못하고 있는 나의 충동적 행동을 보여준다. 나는 아버지에 대한 진실한 물음을 은폐한 채 환상 속에서만 문답 놀이를 취하는 형상이다. 해소되지 못한 욕망은 성적 충동으로 나타나면서 타자로 상징되는 세계 질서와의 분리 상태를 극대화하게 된다. This study herein investigates a pattern of disconnected relationship between characters found in Oh Jeong-hee"s novels. Past wounds that do not heal apply a crack to the present daily living, serving as a factor to evoke a destructive impulse from characters. Like a dead child or mother, the past wounds expressed as a lost object are shown as a form of memory and fantasy in the present daily living, causing a crack in life. The "he" in The River of Fire, attempting to overcome a pattern of disconnected relationship, shows a destructive impulse "arson". However, this is construed as an attempt to disconnect from repetitive daily living, understood as a consequence of a longing for a new marital relationship. As the attitude of the "I" who am consistent in passive attitude responds to the husband with void gesture, a disconnected relationship between them is not resolved. Also in The Bank of Fog, a relationship between I and wife who make a trip as an attempt to make up a gap between them. Perception as a victim of the outside world is revealed as a feeling that someone stares at "me". The "I" am taken aback by impulsive behavior of a massager accidentally met and become aware of a circumstance that a desire suppressed in the meantime. The behavior leaving the blind massager unattended in a street and turning back can be understood as a behavior disregarding true inner voice. Also in The Game of Evening based on a hwatu game played by between father and daughter, shown is my impulsive behavior caused by an unsatisfactory relationship resulting from a past incident between them. With hiding a true question on the father, the "I" take a question and answer play in fantasy. Similarly, "my" unsolved desire is suppressed by manifesting itself as a sexual impulse.

부수적 서비스 제공이 수차의 피로 손상에 미치는 영향 평가

김세나(Se Na Kim),김종성(Jong Sung Kim) 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

봄, 여름, 가을 배추의 전처리에 따른 영양성분 변화

김세나(Se-Na Kim),박홍주(Hong-Ju park),김소영(So-Young Kim),김효숙(Hyo-Sook Kim) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2009 한국지역사회생활과학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2009 No.2

저전력 설계를 위한 경로 상관관계를 고려한 확률적 글리치 예측 및 제거 방법

김유세(You-Se Kim),장나은(Na-Eun Zang),김주호(Ju-Ho Kim) 대한전자공학회 2007 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.7

With the growth of CMOS process technology, the influence of process variations during manufacturing becomes increasingly important. There are limitations which consider process variations effectively with the previous static timing analysis methods. The proposed algorithm estimates the glitch occurrence probability by the forward and backward propagating with tightness probability calculation. While glitch occurrence probability calculating. the path correlation information is considered for accurate result. Then gate down sizing operation is executed for glitch removal with Glitch Removal Factor.

진주시 수돗물 불소농도조정사업의 11년간 비용편익 분석

김만경 ( Man Kyong Kim ),정지인 ( Ji In Jung ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),전은주 ( Eun Joo Jun ),김한나 ( Han Na Kim ),김세연 ( Se Yeon Kim ),한동헌 ( Dong Hun Han ),정승화 ( Seung Hwa Jeong ),김진범 ( Jin Bom Kim ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2014 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the economic costs and benefits of a water fluoridation program in the city of Jinju, Korea. Methods: In 2009, dental surveys were conducted on 2,315 children aged 6-12 years in Jinju, which had been fluoridated for 11 years. The decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) scores of children in Jinju were compared to the DMFT scores of same-aged children in non-fluoridated small- and mediumsized cities in the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2009 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The reduced number of decayed permanent teeth by the water fluoridation program was estimated as the difference between the DMFT scores of children in Jinju and those in non-fluoridated small- and medium-sized cities. The economic benefits were estimated by the savings from reduced dental treatment costs by using the reduced number of decayed permanent teeth from the water fluoridation program. All annual costs and benefits were calculated from 1998 to 2009. The social rate and untreated rate of decayed teeth were applied as 3% and 20%, respectively. The annual benefit-cost ratio was estimated by using the annual benefits and cumulative program costs. Results: The economic benefit in 2009 from a water fluoridation program was estimated as 57,496,000,000 Korean Won (KRW), and the cumulative cost in 2009 was estimated as 1,387,000,000 KRW. The net present value in 2009 from a water fluoridation program was 56,109,000,000 KRW. The benefit-cost ratio in 2009 was estimated as 41.4. Conclusions: The economic benefit of a water fluoridation program in Jinju city was evaluated as excellent.