중,고교생이 지각한 자아존중감, 사회적 지지, 우울의 인과적 관계

권순용 ( Soon Yong Kweon ) 경북대학교 사범대학부속 중등교욱연구소 2008 중등교육연구 Vol.56 No.2

ZnO가 첨가된 (Na,K)NbO₃계 세라믹스의 압전 특성

류성림,권순용,어순철,김시철,류주현,Ryu Sung-Lim,Kweon Soon-Yong,Ur Soon-Chul,Kim Si-Chul,Yoo Ju-Hyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.19 No.8

ZnO was doped up to 0.3 wt% for improving the electrical properties of lead-free $[Li_{0.04}(Na_{0.44}Ko_{0.52})-(Nb_{0.86}\;Ta_{0.10}\;Sb_{0.04})]O_3$ piezoelectric ceramics. The ceramics were fabricated with the conventional sintering processes. Crystal structure of the samples was tetragonal phase regardless of ZnO amount. However, the piezoelectric properties were varied with the ZnO amount. The electro-mechanical coupling factor $(k_p)$ was with the ZnO amount up to 0.2 wt% but decreased with the further addition. the maximum value of $k_p$ was 0.475. Density, piezoelectric charge constant and relative dielectric constant was also showed maximum value at 0.2 wt%. The maximum values are $4.75g/cm^3$, 275 pC/N, 1403, respectively. In contrast, the mechanical quality factor $(Q_m)$ was not varied with increasing the ZnO addition up to 0.2 wt% but rapidly increased at 0.3 wt%.

FeRAM 소자 제작 중에 발생하는 Pt/Al 반응 기구

조경원,홍태환,권순용,최시경,Cho Kyoung-Won,Hong Tae-Whan,Kweon Soon-Yong,Choi Si-Kyong 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.10

The capacitor contact barrier(CCB) layers have been introduced in the FeRAM integration to prevent the Pt/Al reaction during the back-end processes. Therefore, the interdiffusion and intermetallic formation in $Pt(1500{\AA})/Al(3000{\AA})$ film stacks were investigated over the annealing temperature range of $100\sim500^{\circ}C$. The interdiffusion in Pt/Al interface started at $300^{\circ}C$ and the stack was completlely intermixed after annealing over $400^{\circ}C$ in nitrogen ambient for 1 hour. Both XRD and SBM analyses revealed that the Pt/Al interdiffusion formed a single phase of $RtAl_2$ intermetallic compound. On the other hand, in the presence of TiN($1000{\AA}$) barrier layer at the Pt/Al interface, the intermetallic formation was completely suppressed even after the annealing at $500^{\circ}C$. These were in good agreement with the predicted effect of the TiN diffusion barrier layer. But the conventional TiN CCB layer could not perfectly block the Pt/Al reaction during the back-end processes of the FeRAM integration with the maximum annealing temperature of $420^{\circ}C$. The difference in the TiN barrier properties could be explained by the voids generated on the Pt electrode surface during the integration. The voids were acted as the starting point of the Pt/Al reaction in real FeRAM structure.

혼합공정의 용매가 (Na,K)NbO₃ 압전체의 미세구조 및 전기적 특성에 미치는 영향

임주희,이광수,류성림,권순용,Lim, Ju-Hee,Lee, Gwang-Su,Ryu, Sung-Lim,Kweon, Soon-Yong 한국전기전자재료학회 2015 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.28 No.1

$(Na,K)NbO_3$-based piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by a solid phase sintering method with various milling solvents. The solvents were varied with acetone, ethanol, and pure water to investigate the effect on the microstructure and electrical properties. NKN ceramics showed the maximum values of the relative density (94%), the mechanical quality factor (Qm: 78) and the electro-mechanical coupling factor ($k_p$: 0.25) at the ethanol solvent. It might mean that a solid phase sintering of the NKN piezoelectrics with a suitable solvent could improve the relative density and the piezoelectric properties.

PNN-PZT 세라믹스의 저온 소결 및 전기적 특성 평가

이명우,김성진,윤만순,류성림,권순용,Lee, Myung-Woo,Kim, Sung-Jin,Yoon, Man-Soon,Ryu, Sung-Lim,Kweon, Soon-Yong 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.12

To fabricate a multi-layered piezoelectrics/electrodes structure, the piezoelectrics should be sintered at the temperature lower than $950^{\circ}C$ to use the silver electrode, which is cheaper than the electrodes containing noble metals such as Pd and Pt. Therefore, in this study, we modified the composition of $Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3$-based material as $(Pb_{0.98}Cd_{0.02})(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})_{0.25}Zr_{0.35}Ti_{0.4}O_3$ to lower the sintering temperature and to improve the piezoelectric properties. Small amount of $MnCO_3$, $SiO_2$, and $Pb_3O_4$ were also added to lower the sintering temperature of the ceramic. The prepared raw powders were mixed by using a ball mill for 24 hours. And then the mixed powders were calcinated for 2 hours at $800^{\circ}C$. The calcinated powders were again crushed with the ball mill for 72 hours. The final powders were pressed for making the shape of ${\emptyset}15\;mm$ disk. The disk-type samples were sintered at temperature range of $850{\sim}950^{\circ}C$. The crystal phases of the sintered specimens were perovskite structure without secondary phases. All of the measured electrical properties such as electromechanical coupling coefficients ($k_p$), mechanical quality factors ($Q_m$), and piezoelectric charge constants ($d_{33}$) were decreased with decreasing the sintering temperatures. The electrical properties measured at the sample sintered at $950^{\circ}C$ were 54% of $k_p$, 503 of $Q_m$, and 390 pC/N of $d_{33}$, respectively. These properties were considered to be fairly good for the application of multi-layered piezoelectric generators or actuators.

PNN-PZT 세라믹스의 저온 소결 및 전기적 특성 평가

이명우,김성진,윤만순,류성림,권순용,Lee, Myung-Woo,Kim, Sung-Jin,Yoon, Man-Soon,Ryu, Sung-Lim,Kweon, Soon-Yong 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료 Vol.21 No.12

To fabricate a multi-layered piezoelectrics/electrodes structure, the piezoelectrics should be sintered at the temperature lower than $950^{\circ}C$ to use the silver electrode, which is cheaper than the electrodes containing noble metals such as Pd and Pt. Therefore, in this study, we modified the composition of $Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3$-based material as $(Pb_{0.98}Cd_{0.02})(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})_{0.25}Zr_{0.35}Ti_{0.4}O_3$ to lower the sintering temperature and to improve the piezoelectric properties. Small amount of $MnCO_3$, $SiO_2$, and $Pb_3O_4$ were also added to lower the sintering temperature of the ceramic. The prepared raw powders were mixed by using a ball mill for 24 hours. And then the mixed powders were calcinated for 2 hours at $800^{\circ}C$. The calcinated powders were again crushed with the ball mill for 72 hours. The final powders were pressed for making the shape of ${\phi}15\;mm$ disk. The disk-type samples were sintered at temperature range of $850{\sim}950^{\circ}C$. The crystal phases of the sintered specimens were perovskite structure without secondary phases. All of the measured electrical properties such as electromechanical coupling coefficients ($k_p$), mechanical quality factors ($Q_m$), and piezoelectric charge constants ($d_{33}$) were decreased with decreasing the sintering temperatures. The electrical properties measured at the sample sintered at $950^{\circ}C$ were 54% of $k_p$, 503 of $Q_m$, and 390 pC/N of $d_{33}$, respectively. These properties were considered to be fairly good for the application of multi-layered piezoelectric generators or actuators.

Graphite-Ni계 분말의 제조 및 용사 코팅 특성에 미치는 공정변수의 영향

권준철,최문관,김일호,홍태환,권순용,이영근,박순옥,어순철,Kwon Joon-Chul,Cho Mun-Kwan,Kim Il-Ho,Hong Tae-Whan,Kweon Soon-Yong,Lee Young-Geun,Park Soon-Wook,Ur Soon-Chul 한국분말야금학회 2005 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.12 No.2

Graphite-Ni composite powders were synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) and spray drying(SD). Fabricated powders as well as commercial graphite-Ni powders were thermally sprayed on mild steel substrates using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process and flame thermal spray process. The effects of several process parameters on related properties in thermally sprayed coatings have been investigated and correlated with microstructures in this study. The results indicated that the desired properties can be obtained when commercial powders were applied using HVOF process, while coating properties in case of MA powder application were inferior to those in HVOF process in so far. However, it is suggested that property enhancement can be obtained if the fraction of hexagonal graphite phase can be increased in mechanically alloyed powders.

초등학생의 외로움과 스마트폰 중독이 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향: 스마트폰 중독의 매개효과

변희숙 ( Hee Sook Byun ),권순용 ( Soon Yong Kweon ) 한국아동교육학회 2014 아동교육 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 초등학생을 대상으로 외로움이 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향과 스마트폰 중독의 매개효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 제주도 J시와 S시 소재 9개 초등학교 5-6학년 중 스마트폰 보유 학생 573명이 대상으로 선정되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/win 18.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 독립표본 t-test, Pearson의 적률상관계수(Pearson′s Correlation Coefficient), 위계적 중다회귀분석(Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression Analysis)을 실시하였으며 매개효과의 통계적 유의성 확인을 위해 Sobel의 검증방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 학교생활적응에서는 남학생이 여학생보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 남학생과 여학생 모두 외로움을 많이 느낄수록 스마트폰에 중독될 확률이 높으며 스마트폰의 과다사용 또는 중독이 학교생활적응에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 초등학생의 외로움이 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에 있어서 스마트폰 중독의 매개효과를 살펴본 결과 남·여학생 모두 스마트폰 중독이 학교생활적응의 하위요인 중 교사관계, 수업태도, 학교규칙에 대해 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. The purposes of this study were to analyze the effect of elementary school students’ loneliness on school life adaptation and mediating effect of smartphone addiction. 573 of the 5th and the 6th grade elementary school students in J-city and S-city were selected for data analysis. The research findings are as follows: first, the analysis results showed statistically significant sex-difference in school life adaptation, but not in loneliness and smartphone addiction. Second, loneliness revealed the highest negative correlation with friends-relation, while smartphone addiction showed high negative correlations with teacher-relation, class attitude, and school regulations. Third, loneliness had significant effects on observable variables of school life adaptation in male and female elementary school students. Smartphone addiction showed partial mediating effects on teacher-relation, class attitude, and school regulations in both sexes. The research concluded that loneliness was the significant variable in predicting elementary school students’ school life adaptation with the emphasis on sex-difference in the relation of smartphone addiction and friends-relation.

원가족의 건강성, 자기분화, 부부관계의 인과적 관계의 성차

임수연(Lim, Su-Yeon),권순용(Kweon, Soon-Yong) 한국가족학회 2011 가족과 문화 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 기혼남녀가 지각한 원가족의 건강성이 부부관계에 미치는 영향에 있어 자기분화의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 J시와 S시에 거주하고 있는 기혼남녀 552명 (부부 276쌍)으로부터 얻은 자료를 독립표본 t-test와 Pearson의 상관관계분석, 공분산구조 분석의 방법으로 통계분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 기혼남성은 원가족의 건강성이 부부관계에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 자기분화를 통해 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기혼여성의 경우에는 원가족의 건강성이 부부관계에 직접적인 영향이 유의미하지 않았으며, 자기분화를 통한 간접영향만 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 본 연구에서는 Bowen이 제시한 자기분화가 부부관계개선을 위한 유효한 매개변수임을 확인할 수 있었고, 가족 상담과 치료에 있어서 기혼남녀 간 원가족의 영향을 고려한 서로 다른 상담접근이 필요함을 시사할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to test causal relations among perceived healthiness of family-of-origin of married couples and differentiation of self. The dataset contains 276 couples (n=552). The data were analyzed through independent t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and covariance structural modeling. The research findings are as follows: married men showed that the healthiness of family-of-origin had direct impact on spouse relationship, and indirect impact through differentiation of self, as well. For married women, however, the healthiness of family-of-origin had no direct impact on spouse relationship, having only indirect impact through differentiation of self. These findings suggest that Bowen's differentiation of self have significant role in improvement of spouse relationship and different counseling approaches are in need, considering clients' sex.

중학생의 온라인게임 중독 위험 예측변인 분석

부정민(Jung-Min BOO),권순용(Soon-Yong KWEON) 한국수산해양교육학회 2008 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.20 No.3

The purpose of this study is to clarify variables dichotomizing adolescents into online game addiction-latency group and non-addiction group. Based on ecologic theory, individual system(self-esteem, self-control, depression, stress-coping strategy), family system(parental support), and social system(teachers' support and peer-group support) were suggest for variables affecting online game addiction of adolescents. 612 adolescents were tested for game addiction, self-esteem, self-control, depression, stress-coping strategy, and social supports from parents, teachers, and peer group. Independent t-tests showed between-group differences in self-esteem, self-control, depression, aggressive, and negative-avoiding stress-coping strategies, parental support, and peer-group support. Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that aggressive stress-coping strategy of social system and peer-group support of social system had significant influences on the division of the groups.