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Melting Depth Characteristics according to Electron Beam Dose for Electron Beam Micro-Hole Drilling
강준구(Joon-Goo Kang),민병권(Byung-Kwon Min),강은구(Eun Goo Kang) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.38 No.3
E-Beam micro-hole drilling features high productivity of 2,000 holes per second and a high aspect ratio of 10 (depth/diameter). It can be used for the fabrication of nozzles and filters that require several holes. The hole-formation mechanism comprises 1) melting the sample by the energy exchange of e-beam and 2) removing the molten sample by the explosion of the backing material. Accordingly, hole-formation mechanism studies have focused on the effectiveness of backing material and the workpiece’s melting characteristic. This study investigated the melting depth characteristics depending on the beam current and exposure time that determines the E-Beam dose. The experiments were conducted without using the backing materials with an aim to investigate the melting characteristic of the workpiece itself. The results showed that the increase in the exposure current led to an improvement in the melting depth. The results were verified based on the comparison with the results of the process involving the backing material.
하천식생 이입 현상에 대한 수문현상 변화와 영양염류 영향의 예비 검증
우효섭,강준구,조형진,최이송,박문형,Woo, Hyoseop,Kang, Joon-goo,Cho, Hyung-Jin,Choi, Yi-song,Park, Moon-hyeong 응용생태공학회 2015 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.2 No.4
본 연구는 비 조절하천에서 식생 이입 및 활착 현상에 대해 봄철 강수특성 변화에 따른 식생영향 가설과 질소화합물의 하천유입에 따른 식생영향 가설을 일차적으로 검증하는 것이다. 첫 번째 가설을 검증하기 위해 국내하천에 대해 갈대와 달뿌리풀의 발아기, 유식물기인 3-5월의 강우특성 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 최근 35년 동안 연 총 강수량은 약 15% 늘어난 반면에 3-5월의 강수량은 오히려 약 15% 이상 감소한 것으로 나타나서 이러한 가설을 부분적으로 뒷받침하였다. 두 번째 가설을 검증하기 위해 한 쌍의 실험수로에 갈대를 식재 하고 여름 기간 동안 갈대성장을 관찰한 결과 질소화합물이 3.5 mg/L 정도 함유된 오염수를 주기적으로 흘린 수로의 경우 그렇지 않은 경우보다 약 30% 이상 갈대성장이 높은 것을 확인하였다. 비록 강우량 분석 결과와 식생수로 실험결과는 제한된 범위 내에서 수행된 것이지만 국내 비 조절 중소하천의 초본류 번무현상을 일부 설명할 수 있을 것이다. In this study, two hypotheses were examined to preliminarily verify for the vegetation recruitment and establishment on riparian bars in unregulated rivers; hydrologic regime change and nutrients influx into streams. In order to preliminarily verify the first hypothesis, precipitation patterns were analyzed during a period from March through to May when reeds, the most common riparian vegetation in Korea, germinate and start to grow in riparian areas. The results show that during the last 35 years, the total precipitation during the three-month period decreased by about 15 %, while the total annual one increased by about 15% in Korea. In order to verify the second hypothesis, a preliminary experiment was conducted with a set of two-vegetative flumes for one year. In this experiment, a stream flow with reeds on the riparian sand bars was simulated with a flume with reeds planted on the sand bed and water with a concentration of 3.5 mg of N flowing in the flume for four hours. For comparison, clean water was circulated in the same way in another flume for simulating a stream flow without N. The experimental results show that the growth rate of reeds in N-mixed flow exceeds that in clean water flow by about 30%. The above two results could explain the phenomenon of change in unregulated rivers from white river to green river in Korea, although they were obtained through limited extents of analysis and experiment.
증례 : 내분비-대사 ; 갑상선호르몬수용체 돌연변이가 동반된 갑상선호르몬저항증후군 1예
임수경 ( Soo Kyung Lim ),김성열 ( Seong Yeol Kim ),강준구 ( Jun Goo Kang ),김철식 ( Chul Sik Kim ),임성희 ( Sung Hee Ihm ),유형준 ( Hyung Joon Yoo ),이성진 ( Seong Jin Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.2S
저자들은 갑상선호르몬 투여 전후 갑상선자극호르몬분비 호르몬 자극검사, α-아단위 측정, 뇌하수체자기공명영상, 갑상선호르몬수용체 β 유전자검사로 진단한 갑상선호르몬수용체 β 유전자 돌연변이(R438H)가 확인된 갑상선호르몬저 항증후군 증례를 국내에서 처음으로 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. In thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (THR) TSH levels are normal or elevated despite thyroid hormone levels being elevated. THR is distinguished from TSH-producing pituitary adenoma by TRH stimulation and α-subunit tests, thyroid hormone receptor (TR) β gene analysis, and sellar MRI. A 24-year old man with diffuse goiter visited our hospital complaining of fatigue, heat intolerance, palpitation, and weight loss. He had elevated total T3 and free T4 levels, but normal TSH levels. Serum TSH levels during TRH stimulation tests performed before and after T3 suppression showed normal and non-suppressible responses, respectively. The serum basal α-subunit test result was normal. A TR β gene R438H mutation was identified, and a pituitary mass with cystic change was identified by sellar MRI. We report a case of THR with a mutation (R438H) in the TR β gene, the first case of its kind in Korea. (Korean J Med 2011;80:S220-S226)
증례 : 내분비-대사 ; 갑상선 기능저하증을 동반한 가족성 저칼슘뇨성 고칼슘혈증 1예
김은지 ( Eun Ji Kim ),박소영 ( So Young Park ),강준구 ( Jun Goo Kang ),김철식 ( Chul Sik Kim ),임성희 ( Sung Hee Ihm ),유형준 ( Hyung Joon Yoo ),이성진 ( Seong Jin Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.6
저자들은 우연히 발견된 유전적 소인을 보이는 경도의 무증상 고칼슘혈증, 저칼슘뇨증, 낮은 뇨중 칼슘-크레아티닌비, 정상이거나 약간 상승된 부갑상선호르몬 수치, 정상 알칼리성 인산분해효소 수치 소견들과 칼슘감지수용체 유전자의 21번째 아미노산 돌연변이(G21R)와 990번째 아미노산 단일염기다형성(R990G) 소견들이 확인된 자가면역성 갑상선염과 갑상선 기능저하증을 동반한 가족성 저칼슘뇨성 고칼슘혈증 증례를 국내외에서 처음으로 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a genetic disorder characterized by mild asymptomatic hypercalcemia, hypocalciuria, a decreased urinary calcium-creatinine ratio, and normal or elevated parathyroid hormone levels. FHH is caused by an inactivating heterozygous mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene. A 62-year-old woman was referred to our center because of inadequate glucose control. Her son had hypercalcemia. Biochemical and endocrine studies showed hypercalcemia, hypocalciuria, a decreased urinary calcium-creatinine ratio, normal parathyroid hormone levels, normal PTH-related peptide levels, decreased free T4, increased TSH, and thyroid antibody positivity. Direct sequencing analyses revealed a heterozygous mutation of G21R at exon 2 and a single nucleotide polymorphism of R990G at exon 7 of the CaSR gene. Here, we report a case of FHH associated with a heterozygous mutation and a single nucleotide polymorphism of the CaSR gene, which coexisted with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. To our knowledge, this is the first such case reported. (Korean J Med 2011;80:718-722)
증례 : 내분비-대사 ; 전립선암 남성호르몬 박탈 치료 후 발생한 비케톤성 고삼투압성 혼수 1예
이석원 ( Seok Won Lee ),이성진 ( Seong Jin Lee ),유형준 ( Hyung Joon Yoo ),강준구 ( Jun Goo Kang ),임성희 ( Sung Hee Ihm ),김철식 ( Chul Sik Kim ),홍은영 ( Eun Yeong Hong ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.79 No.5
저자들은 골(骨) 전이를 동반한 전립선암으로 남성호르몬 박탈 치료를 받던 중 제2형 당뇨병, 비케톤성 고삼투압성 혼수, 급성 신부전이 발생하여 충분한 수액공급과 인슐린 투여 등의 집중 치료를 시행한 후 호전된 증례를 처음으로 경험 하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. During advanced prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) using gonadotropin-releasing hormone and antiandrogen is an effective treatment modality. Recently, it has been reported that ADT may result in diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Here, we report the first case in the literature of new-onset DM and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HNKC) associated with ADT. A 69-year-old man visited our hospital because of altered mentality. The patient had been taking leuprolide and bicalutamide for metastatic prostate cancer for the past 4 months. In laboratory tests, new-onset DM with HNKC was diagnosed. The patient was immediately treated with intravenous hydration and insulin therapy, and recovered without sequela. Because ADT can cause DM, or rarely HNKC, it is necessary to monitor fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles carefully while ADT is performed. (Korean J Med 79:573-576, 2010)
증례 : 내분비-대사 ; 당뇨병성 케톤산증과 동반된 편무도증 1예
김현성 ( Hyun Sung Kim ),이서희 ( Seo Hee Lee ),강준구 ( Jun Goo Kang ),김철식 ( Chul Sik Kim ),임성희 ( Sung Hee Ihm ),유형준 ( Hyung Joon Yoo ),이성진 ( Seong Jin Lee ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.79 No.1
저자들은 당뇨병의 과거력이 없으면서 건강하게 지내던 중 제2형 당뇨병, 당뇨병성 케톤산증, 급성 신부전과 동반된 편무도증이 발병한 환자에서 충분한 수액공급과 인슐린 투여 등으로 집중 치료한 결과 편무도증이 소실된 증례를 국내에서 처음으로 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Hemiballism-hemichorea (HB-HC) is defined as continuous, non-patterned, and involuntary movement involving one side of the body and is often associated with endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperthyroidism. In Korea, 16 cases of HB-HC associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia have been reported. Here, we report the first known case of HB-HC associated with type 2 DM and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). A 32-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of hemichoreoballistic movement. The patient had no history of DM. In a neurological examination and laboratory tests, HB-HC associated with type 2 DM and DKA was diagnosed. The patient was immediately treated with intravenous hydration and insulin therapy, and completely recovered. DKA and non-ketotic hyperglycemia should be considered as a possible cause of HB-HC, although these are very rare. In HB-HC associated with DKA, strict blood glucose control is needed. (Korean J Med 79:62-66, 2010)