다형성 교모세포종의 항생제 내성 종양 줄기세포

강미경,강수경,Kang, Mi-Kyung,Kang, Soo-Kyung 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.8

다형성 교모세포종은 뇌종양 가운데 가장 빈번하게 발병하는 악성종양이다. 다형성 교모세포종에 종양 줄기세포가 존재한다는 보고가 있음에도 불구하고, 항암제 내성과 종양 줄기세포 사이의 상호 연관성에 관한 연구는 아직 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서 다형성 교모세포종 세포주 A172 및 뇌종양 환자로부터 확립한 GBM2에 1,3-bis(2 -chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BiCNU)를 처리시 극소량의 세포군만이 생존하며, 이들 생존 세포군은 BiCNU 재처리에 내성을 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 이 다형성 교모세포종 유래 BiCNU-내성세포군의 Erk 및 Akt 인산화 활성이 증가되었으며, CD133 줄기세포 표지인자를 발현하는 세포가 다량 존재하였다. 이와 아울러, 다형성 교모세포종 유래 BiCNU-내성세포를 severe combined immuno-deficient (SCID) mouse brain에 이식하였을 때 암이 형성되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 다형성 교모세포종 유래 BiCNU-내성세포가 종양줄기세포의 능력을 가지는 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 이상의 결과는 다형성 교모세포종에 존재하는 종양줄기세포가 항암제 내성에 관여 한다는 중요한 단서를 제공해줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently occurring brain cancer. Although the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in GBM has been established, there is little evidence to explain the link between CSCs and chemoresistance. In this study, we investigated that only a few cells of A172 and established GBM2 survived after 1,3-bis(2chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BiCNU) exposures and these sur-vived cells resist the subsequent BiCNU treatment. In addition, these BiCNU-resistant small pop-ulations derived from GBM cells increased the phosphorylations of Erk and Akt and highly expressed CD133 stem cell surface marker. Furthermore, we observed that the BiCNU-resistant cancer cells de-rived from GBM have grown tumors when transplanted into severe combined immuno-deficient (SCID) mouse brain. These results demonstrate that BiCNU-resistant subpopulation cells derived from GBM have cancer stem-like cell properties. Therefore, it may provide provide further evidence that CSCs in GBM have chemotherapeutic drug resistance.

골관절염(骨關節炎)의 침구치료(鍼灸治療)에 대한 최신연구경향(最新硏究傾向) - Pubmed 검색을 중심으로 -

강미경,남상수,이윤호,Kang, Mi-kyeong,Nam, Sang-su,Lee, Yun-ho 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Objective : To research the trends of study related to osteoarthritis with acupuncture in PubMed, and to establish he hereafter direction of acupuncture for osteoarthritis. Methods : We searthed in PubMed, with osteoarthritis and acupuncture limited by abstract, human, English. Results : 1. The pattern of study was as follow: Review article(2), Clinical Trials(13), randomized controlled trials(13). bee venom acupuncture(1), electroacupuncture(1). We further estimated 15 articles. 2. The lesion of osteoarthritis & kinds of acupuncture were as follows: knee(12), hip(2), cervical vertebral(1), bee venom acupuncture(1), electroacupuncture(1). 3. Most clinical trials are related to decrease of pain, functional improvement. 4. 10 of clinical studies provide affirmative result. And they recommend acupuncture for osteoarthritis. 5. 4 of clinical studies provide negative result. And these studies are designed by sham acupuncture method.

특발성 파킨슨병 환자의 전침치료 효과

강미경,이상훈,홍장무,박상민,강중원,박히준,임사비나,장대일,이윤호,Kang, Mi-kyung,Lee, Sang-hoon,Hong, Jang-moo,Park, Sang-min,Kang, Jung-won,Park, Hi-joon,Lim, Sabina,Chang, Dae-il,Lee, Yun-ho 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.5

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture with various scales on symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Methods : Subjects were voluntarily recruited by newspapers and internet. All the subjects are confirmed as idiopathic parkinson's disease by a neurologist. The acupuncture therapy was performed twice a week for 8 weeks. Acupuncture points for EA group were GB34, and LR3, electrical stimulation frequency was 120Hz, duration 15 minutes, and intensity is up to pain threshold according to patients. The patient's symptoms were assessed before, after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks treatments by unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(UPDRS), modified Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) stage, Schwab & England activity of daily living and freezing of gait questionnaire(FOGQ). Results : UPDRS I, II, III, IV and total UPDRS scores were significantly improved after 4 weeks(p<0.05) and after 8 weeks(p<0.05) compared to the pre-treatment. The scores of ADL were significantly improved after 4 weeks(p<0.05) and after 8 weeks(p<0.05). There were significant changes in H-Y stage after 4 weeks(p<0.05), but There were no significant changes in H-Y stage after 8 weeks. There were significant changes in FOGQ scale after 4 weeks(p<0.05) and after 8 weeks(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study suggests that electroacupuncutre treatments can be applicable to improve symptoms in the patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

사람의 정상 피부세포 및 폐세포의 발암에 미치는 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ -dioxin의 영향

강미경(Mi Kyung Kang),염태경(Tai Kyung Ryeom),김강련(Kang Ryune Kim),김옥희(Ok Hee Kim),강호일(Hoil Kang) 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2006 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.26 No.3

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD) displays high toxicity in animals and has been implicated in human carcinogenesis. Although TCDD is recognized as potent carcinogens, relatively little is known about their role in the tumor promotion and carcinogenesis. It is known that TCDD can increase of cancer risk from various types of tissue by a mechanism possibly involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation. In this study, effects of TCDD on cellular proliferation of normal human skin and lung fibroblasts, Detroit551 and WI38 cells were investigated. In addition, to enhance our understanding of TCDD-mediated carcinogenesis, we have investigated process in which expression of Erk1/2, cyclinD1, oncogene such as Ha-ras and c-myc, and their cognate signaling pathway. TCDD that are potent activators of AhR-mediated activity was found to induce significant increase of cytochrome P4501A1 mRNA expression, suggesting a presence of functional AhR. These results support that CYP1A1 enzyme may be involved in the generation of TCDD-induced toxicity. Moreover mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation and cyclin D1 overexpression are induced by TCDD, which corresponded with the progression of cellular proliferation. However, TCDD did not affected Haras and c-myc mRNA expression. Taken together, it seems that TCDD are could be a part of cellular proliferation in non-tumorigenic normal human cells such as Detroit551 and WI38 cells through the upregulation of MAPKs signaling pathway regulating growth of cell population. Therefore, AhR-activating TCDD could potentially contribute to tumor promotion and Detroit551 and WI38 cells have been used as a detection system of tumorigenic effects of TCDD.

17세기 초 얼스터 식민지배 연구 -식민도시 런던데리의 형성-

강미경 ( Kang¸ Mikyung ) 영국사학회 2020 영국연구 Vol.43 No.-

런던데리(city of Londonderry)는 영국이 건설한 모든 식민도시들의 모델로 여겨지고 있다. 런던데리의 건설 이후 얼스터와 아일랜드는 물론 필라델피아와 같은 초기 아메리카 식민 도시들이 런던데리를 모델로 건설되었기 때문이다. 런던데리의 지면 배치는 당시 얼스터 플랜테이션을 통해 잉글랜드가 의도했던 것이 무엇이었는지를 상징적으로 보여준다. 이 논문은 런던데리 플랜테이션의 배경, 아일랜드 협회(The Irish Society)의 도시건설 활동, 그리고 런던데리의 지면 배치를 살펴봄으로써 17세기 잉글랜드의 얼스터 플랜테이션의 목적과 영국 식민도시의 초기 모습을 알아보려는 시도이다. 제임스는 반항적인 아일랜드의 상징인 얼스터에 신교를 전파하고 잉글랜드의 우월함을 보여줄 새로운 식민도시 건설을 계획했다. 결과 얼스터의 중심지 런던데리에는 원주민들의 마을과는 구별되는 질서정연한 도로와 건물을 가진, 그리고 도시 면적의 3분의 1이 신교 교회와 교육을 위해 할당된 계획도시가 건설되었다. 제임스는 런던데리를 왕의 지배권을 확고히 하고 잉글랜드의 우월함을 선전하는 도시로 이용하고자 하였다. The city of Londonderry has been considered as a model of all colonial cities built by the United Kingdom. After the construction of Londonderry, early American colonial cities including Philadelphia were formed imitating Londonderry’s layout. This layout shows symbolically what England intended in the Ulster Plantation at that time. This essay attempts to examine the British purpose of Ulster Plantation in the 17th century. It also depicts the initial stage of British colonial cities, exploring the background of the Londonderry Plantation, the city construction of the Irish Society, and the layout of the City of Londonderry. James Ⅰ planned the construction of a new colonial city to spread Protestantism to Ulster, a symbol of rebellious Ireland, and wanted to show the superiority of England through this plan. As a result, in Londonderry, Ulster’s military and religious center, a planned city was constructed with roads and buildings in orderly rows, and one-third of the city’s area were allocated for Protestant education. James Ⅰ intended to strengthen his kingship and promote English supremacy through the success in Londonderry.

뷰캐넌의 장로교 저항 사상과 제임스 6세의 왕권신수설

강미경 ( Mi Kyung Kang ) 대구사학회 2010 대구사학 Vol.98 No.-

왕권에 대한 조언 : Basilikon Doron을 중심으로

강미경 ( Kang Mi-kyung ) 대구사학회 2021 대구사학 Vol.145 No.-

Marcus Tullius Cicero (BC 106-BC 43), a famous politician and philosopher of Rome, wrote letters of advice to his son who went to Athens to study even though he was very busy. The publication of these letters in three volumes had a great effect on modern Western thinkers, and this is De Officiis (BC 44). As the ancient culture was revived and regenerated after Renaissance, the British Islands saw re-illumination of classical books, and especially De Officiis was widely spread in English and Scotland both in the original version and in English-translated version of 1534. There was a trend to publish letters of advice to sons or daughters by being modeled after De Officiis, and the representative work of the tendency was Basilikon Doron (1599) by James Ⅵ (1567-1625), King of Scotland. Basilikon Doron is a Greek word meaning ‘the royal gift’, and it is a conduct book in the form of letters written to Prince Henry (1594-1612). At first, this conduct book was printed for private purpose, so there were only seven books in secret. However, by the time King James succeeded to the king of English after Queen Elizabeth Ι (1533-1603), the attention of this book was spread not only in Scotland but also England and European continent. Even fabricated copies and abridged editions were popular. Finally, Basilikon Doron was officially published in London for general public and translated into Latin, French and German, being distributed throughout English and Europe as a bestseller of the time. Why do we need to read Basilikon Doron now? What is the significance of the book? As Basilikon Doron appeared as a conduct book from the king to his son, this book can help to understand king’s education and ideal king in those days. In addition, it is an important resource to find out how King James, who was a king and intellectual, recognized his era and kingship. It also gives an opportunity to see a device to express the ideal about his kingship during the period of the conflicts among Divine Right of Kings, the theory of social contract and authority to depose the King. This study is intended to focus on political and religious backgrounds and contents of the advent of Basilikon Doron, and the publication and distribution of Basilikon Doron around 1603 when King James succeeded to throne. (Kyungpook National University / james-1603@knu.ac.kr)

여대생의 음주동기, 생활스트레스, 문제음주행위

강미경(Kang, Mi-Kyung),김인경(Kim, In-Kyung) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.8

본 연구의 목적은 여자대학생의 음주동기, 생활스트레스, 문제음주행위의 관계를 알아보고 음주동기와 생활스트레스 가 문제음주행위에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위함이다. 자료수집은 충북 Y군에 위치한 일개 4년제 대학에 여대생을 대상으로 편의 추출하였다. 대상자는 259명으로 연구목적을 설문에 동의한 자를 대상으로 구조화된 설문지로 조사하였다. 사용한 도구 는 일반적특성, 음주동기, 생활스트레스, 문제음주행위이다. 수집된 자료는 IBMSPSS/WIN 19.0을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, Stepwise regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 대상자의 문제음주 행위에 영향을 미치는 요인은 음주동기(t=8.904, p<.001), 주거형태(t=3.624, p<.001), 흡연여부(t=2.065, p=.040) 로 구성되었으 며 35.7%의 설명력을 보였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 향후 여대생의 문제음주행위를 예방할 수 있는 중재프로그램 개발이 필요할 것을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among drinking motivation, daily stress and problem drinking behavior, and to identify the influencing factors of problem drinking behavior in female university students. The participants were 259 female students in university. The data was collected for 1 months from Oct. 28 to Nov. 28, 2013 in a university-located Y city. Questionnaires were used to measure the levels of the drinking motivation, daily stress, and problem drinking behavior. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, stepwise regression, and the IBMSPSS/WIN 19.0 program. The predicting factors for problem drinking behavior were drinking motivation, type of residency and smoking. The variables explained the problem drinking behavior by 35.7%. A survey of the various influencing factors of problem drinking behavior will be required and a drinking reduction program for female university students is needed.

어린이집 교사의 정서노동이 놀이지원역량에 미치는 영향: 교수메타인지의 매개효과

강미경 ( Kang Mikyoung ),이지연 ( Lee Jiyeun ) 미래유아교육학회 2024 미래유아교육학회지 Vol.31 No.3

본 연구에서는 어린이집 교사의 정서노동이 놀이지원역량에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 어린이집 교사의 정서노동과 놀이지원역량의 관계에서 교수메타인지의 매개효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해 J지역 294명의 어린이집 교사를 대상으로 최종 263명의 자료를 분석하였고 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 어린이집 교사의 정서노동, 교수메타인지 및 놀이지원역량의 관계는 어떠한가? 둘째, 어린이집 교사의 정서노동과 놀이지원역량의 관계에서 교수메타인지의 매개효과는 어떠한가? 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 측정된 변인 간 관계를 알아보기 위한 분석에서, 먼저 어린이집 교사의 정서노동 하위요인 내면행위와 교수메타인지 및 놀이지원역량 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 정적 상관이 있었으나, 정서노동 하위요인 표면행위와 교수메타인지 및 놀이지원역량 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 상관이 없는 것으로 나타나, 정서노동 내면행위 수준이 높은 교사일수록 교수메타인지와 놀이지원역량 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교수메타인지와 놀이지원역량 간에 통계적으로 유의한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타나 교수메타인지 수준이 높은 교사일수록 놀이지원역량 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어린이집 교사의 정서노동 하위요인 내면행위와 놀이지원역량 간에 교수메타인지의 완전매개효과가 확인되어, 교사의 정서노동은 교수메타인지를 통해 놀이지원역량에 간접적인 영향을 미치고 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 어린이집 교사의 정서노동, 교수메타인지 및 놀이지원역량 간 관계를 다룬 연구가 거의 없는 상황에서, 이들 간의 내적 관계를 새롭게 탐색하였다는 점에 의의가 있으며, 어린이집 교사의 정서노동의 연구범위를 확장하였다는 점에서 시사하는 바가 크다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional labor on play support competence and the mediating effects of teaching meta-cognition in child care teacher. The 294 child care teachers in charge of young children aged 3-5 in J area participated in this study and the data of 263 participants was finally analyzed. To this purpose, the following two research questions were set up. First, what is the relationship between emotional labor, teaching meta-cognition, and play support competence? Second, what is the mediating effect of teaching meta-cognition in the relationship between emotional labor and play support competence? The major findings were as follows: First, the emotional labor showed significantly negative effect with play support competence and teaching meta-cognition in child care teacher. This means that as the level of teacher’s emotional labor increases, the level of teacher’s play support competence and teaching meta-cognition decreases. Moreover, the play support competence showed significantly positive effect with teaching meta-cognition in child care teacher. This shows that as the level of teacher’s play support competence increases, the level of teaching meta-cognition also increases. Second, a complete mediating effect of teaching meta-cognition was confirmed between deep acting among the sub-factors of emotional labor and play support competence. But there was no mediating effect between surface acting among the sub-factors of emotional labor and play support capabilities. It is significant in that this study newly explored the internal relationship between emotional labor, teaching meta-cognition, and play support competence.

서평 : 우리는 지금 관용의 시대에 살고 있는가? : 김응종, 『관용의 역사, 르네상스에서 계몽주의까지』

강미경 ( Mi Kyung Kang ) 한국서양사학회 2014 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.123