http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김수한,목정하,조은정,김미현,이광하,김기욱,박혜경,이민기,엄중섭 대한암학회 2023 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.55 No.2
Purpose The diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) using radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP-EBUS) is 71%, which is lower than that of transthoracic needle biopsy. We investigated the performance and safety of sequential transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBC) using a novel 1.1-mm diameter cryoprobe, after conventional TBB using RP-EBUS for the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions (PLLs). Materials and Methods From April 2021 to November 2021, 110 patients who underwent bronchoscopy using RP-EBUS for the diagnosis of PLL ≤ 30 mm were retrospectively included in our study. All records were followed until June 2022. Results The overall diagnostic yield of combined TBB and TBC was 79.1%, which was higher than 60.9% of TBB alone (p=0.005). The diagnostic yield of sequential TBC was 65.5%, which increased the overall diagnostic yield by 18.2%. The surface area of tissues by TBC (mean area, 18.5 mm2) was significantly larger than those of TBB by 1.5-mm forceps (3.4 mm2, p < 0.001) and 1.9-mm forceps (3.7 mm2, p=0.011). In the multivariate analysis, PLLs with the longest diameter of ≤ 22 mm were found to be related to additional diagnostic benefits from sequential TBC (odds ratio, 3.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.043 to 11.775; p=0.042). Complications were found in 10.5% of the patients: pneumothorax (1.0%), infection (1.0%), and significant bleeding (8.6%). None of the patients developed any life-threatening complications. Conclusion Sequential TBC with a 1.1-mm cryoprobe improved the performance of conventional TBB using RP-EBUS without serious complications.
전침자극과 고정스트레스가 옥시토신 면역반응세포의 변화에 미치는 영향
김수한 가야대학교 2007 가야대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of immobilization stress and electro acupuncture on the change of oxytocin (OT) immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamus of the male SD rats. Nine healthy and normal rats were divided into three groups, 3 SD rat in each group. The one group has been stimulated by electro acupuncture (EA, 2Hz) for 30 min and the other group by EA for 90 min and fixed group has not been stimulated. The results were summarized as follows. In immobilized SD rats (n=3), OT immunoreactive cells were found in the Paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The number of OT immunoreactive cells of PVN were significantly increased after 30 min as compared with control group (p<0.05) and were also significantly increased after 90 min than 30 min(p<0.05). The present results demonstrate that immobilization stress and needle electrode electrical stimulation are effective III the modulation of expression of OT in the PVN area under stress conditions.
정밀여과를 이용한 역삼투법 해수담수화 전처리 공정의 장기운전 특성
김수한,김충환,강석형,임재림 대한상하수도학회 2010 상하수도학회지 Vol.24 No.6
A pilot test was carried out to investigate the long term operation characteristics of Microfiltration (MF) system as a pretreatment for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) processes for two years. A commercialized MF module with pressurized operation type was used to filter seawater to remove particles which can foul reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. Silt Density Index (SDI) values of filtered seawater by the MF system were ranged from 0.14 to 1.79, which meet the SDI standard for RO feed water as depicted in previous literatures. Although the tested seawater is quite clean (i.e., dissolved organic cabon (DOC) concentration and turbidity were about 1 mg/l and less than 1 NTU, respectively) enough not to foul the MF membrane, steep increase in trans-membrane pressure (TMP) with a constant flux were observed over a whole operation period. A set of operation and water analysis data implies that the steep increase in TMP was resulted from iron and maganese fouling by the combination of metal corrosion by seawater and oxidation state by aeration and residual chlorine.
김수한,주성광,박세연 국제물리치료연구학회 2022 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.13 No.1
Background:Although several studies have reported functional improvements after forward walking training on a treadmill and after backward walking training on a treadmill, there is a lack of immediate effects data, investigating spatiotemporal parameter, neuromuscular recruitment. Objectives: To compare the immediate effects between forward and backward walking on treadmill training, present study measured muscle activities of the lower extremity, gait parameters, and dynamic balance. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: The twenty-four asymptomatic young male subjects were participated in this study. Subjects have performed 15-min of forward and backward walking on treadmill. Before and after treadmill walking, the gait parameters were measured with the GAITRite. The dynamic balance abilities were assessed with the Y-balance test. Muscular activities were collected from the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, and rectus femoris during forward and backward walking. Results: Muscular activities of the biceps femoris and tibialis anterior were significantly different between forward and backward walking conditions, which were higher with the backward walking (P<.05). Compared to the pre-measurement, the normalized dynamic balance composite score of the post-measurement was significantly higher with the backward walking (P<.05). Regardless of the treadmill training method, there were no significant differences between pre and post measurement, both the stride length and step length (P>.05). Conclusion: The performing backward walking training has positive effects for dynamic balance.