애니메이션을 위한 지능형 립씽크 조형 시스템 연구

정진오,신동선 한국기초조형학회 2007 기초조형학연구 Vol.8 No.1

Korean Lip-sync Synthesis Design(KLSD) System is developed for facial animation in this study. This system generate Korean lip-sync, correspond to voice and text. Facial animation classify emotional expression animation and dialogue animation. Emotional expression animation consist of universal element except cross-cultural difference. However, dialogue animation must think about language differences. If Korean were applied by other countries suggested lip-sync synthesis method like American or Japanese, cause distort of cognition because auditory and visual information incongruous. Korean automatic pronunciation generate, HMM algorithm for time segment and facial feature's three dimensional motion definition are used to solve the problem. KLSD system also can be applied interactive facial animation. Moreover, this is preceding study to interactive interface's basic component using avatar. In future, It can widely used to application avatar in virtual reality and interface design. 캐릭터의 페이셜애니메이션(facial animation)을 위한 한국어 립싱크 합성 체계를 연구하여, 말소리에 대응하는 자연스러운 립싱크를 자동적으로 생성하도록 하는 지능형 조형 시스템(KLSD System)을 연구하였다. 페이셜애니메이션은 크게 나누어 감정 표현을 위한 표정 애니메이션과 대화 시 입술 모양의 변화를 중심으로 하는 대화 애니메이션으로 구분할 수 있다. 표정 애니메이션의 경우 약간의 문화적 차이를 제외한다면 거의 세계 공통의 보편적인 요소들로 이루어지는 반면 대화 애니메이션의 경우는 언어에 따른 차이를 고려해야 한다. 이와 같은 문제로 인해 지금처럼 영어권 및 일어권에서 제안되는 음성에 따른 립싱크 합성방법을 한국어에 그대로 적용하면 청각 정보와 시각 정보의 부조화로 인해 지각의 왜곡을 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 표기된 텍스트를 한국어 발음열로 변환, HMM 알고리듬을 이용한 입력 음성의 시분할, 한국어 음소에 따른 얼굴 특징점의 3차원 움직임을 정의하는 과정을 거쳐 텍스트와 음성를 통해 3차원 대화 애니메이션을 생성하는 한국어 립싱크 조형 시스템을 개발 실제 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션 과정에 적용하도록 하였다. 또한 본 연구는 즉시 적용이 가능한 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션뿐만 아니라 아바타(avatar)를 활용한 동적 인터페이스의 요소기술로서 사용될 수 있는 선행연구이기도 하다. 나아가 인간적인 상호작용성이 강조되고, 보다 편한 인간적 대화 방식의 휴먼 인터페이스로 그 미래적 양상이 변화할 것으로 예측되는 아바타 혹은 디지털액터를 활용한 인터페이스 디자인과 가상현실 분야에도 보다 폭넓게 활용될 수 있다. 정진오Jinoh Chung신동선Dong Sun Shin성균관대학교 영상학과Sungkyunkwan Univ. Dept. of Film, TV and Multimedia아주대학교 의과대학 해부학교실Ajou Univ. School of Medicine, Dept. of Anatomy

近代化理念과 東學思想

鄭鎭午 제주대학교 1984 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

Modern theories of modernization require more humanism. They are similiar to the oriental thoughts which enphasize spiritual factors of man. The thought of Tonghak also emphasizes spiritual factors than material factors. So we can find the new possibility of the theory of modernization from Tonghak. For example, Tonghak emphasizes the humanism which involves democracy in all aspects, the thought of non-violence and common wealth, etc.

자동차용 브레이크 마찰재에서의 환원분철의 마찰특성에 관한 연구

정진오,이경환,김옥삼,김봉수 순천대학교 2000 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.19 No.1

In most automotive brakes, the friction material is used to convert the kinetic energy into heat. The friction material is a complex composite consisting of a resin, reinforcing fibers, lubricants and filler materials. In an attempt to enhance the friction performance of the friction material, a trial was done to examine the substitution of filler material by the reduction iron powder. In this study, two types of reduction powder M1 and M3 was prepared by the reduction process developed by Hanta M&B Inc. M1 and M3 which has reduction ratio of 1.5 and 92% respectively was used in place of BaSO_4, which was conventionally used as a filler material. The amount of M1 and M3 was varied as 10, 20, 30%, while the other component remains the same except the replaced BaSO_4. For those specimens with different amount of reduction iron powder, friction performance tests such as friction coefficient, rotor compatibility were conducted by using brake dynamometer. The bonding strength and hardness tend to decrease with use of M1 and M3, but specific weight decreased with increase of M1 and M3. The friction coefficient increased with use of M1 up to 10%, but decreased for use of M1 more than 20%. However the use of M3 resulted in a decrease of friction coefficient all the way. The surface roughness decreased with the use of M1 and M3, except for a case of excessive use of M1 of 30%. The rotor surface roughness did not show any correspondence with hardness of friction material in this study.

아세아의 새로운 세력균형하의 한국과 미국

정진오 동국대학교 안보연구소 1976 安保硏究 Vol.- No.6

격자형 구조물의 웹크립플링

정진오 順天大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

□A finite element analysis was performed to study the failure mechanism in the cell-type structure which consists of two skin flange plates and connecting web plates. Compressive patch loads of different boundary conditions were applied to the structure, and the web crippling damage mechanism and its characteristics were studied through analysis of strains and deflections as compared to the load. A load vs. horizontal deflection curve was intended to determine the load at which buckling initiated, but the deflection increased rather gradually due to initial imperfection of web. The strain measurements from each side of the web plate as a function of load showed a separation of the strains, which implied that the buckling triggered the web crippling. The distributions of compressive strains along a vertical line under the load patch showed a strain concentration in the upper regions of the web until ultimate load was reached, and a redistribution of the strain resulted in maximum strains at a certain depth of the web. These findings were in good agreement with the experimental results by Schneider et al. The distributions of the out-of plane deformation of the web changed with the boundary condition in patch load. The deformation mode in foundation load did not change, while in docking load the deformation mode showed a transition as the deformation progressed.

밀링가공시 구상흑연주철(FCD50)의 표면거칠기에 대한 연구

홍순남,정진오 順天大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find changes in surface roughness in various endmill cutting conditions for ductile cast iron (FCD50). Two materials were used as cut materials; one casted material without heat treatment, and the other annealing heat treated at 730℃ for the material. As a cutting tool 16mm tow flute endmills coated with TiN were used. The cutting speed, table feed speed, and cutting depth were varied respectively, and the surface roughness of the machined surface were measured by a contour measuring machine. Test results showed that the surface roughness did not vary much with the table speed, but it increased as the cutting speed increased, irrespective of the materials. The surface roughness increased also as the cutting depth increased. For the cutting condition where the amount of cut material per unit mill revolution kept constant, the surface roughness did not change much with cutting speed for small cutting depth, while for large cutting depth the surface roughness increased with increase in cutting speed. The surface roughness for the heat treated material showed better quality than that without heat treated especially when the cutting depth was large.

원격장 와전류 배관 탐상 시스템 개발

정진오,이재경,김형진 한국비파괴검사학회 2001 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.21 No.5

배관의 관벽투과 특성을 지닌 원격장 와전류 비파괴 검사법은 열교환기 세관 검사에서부터 천연가스 수송관에 이르기까지 다양한 형태의 배관과 결함을 대상으로 적용 연구가 진행되고 있다. 공칭 외경 100㎜의 주철관은 주로 상수도 관로의 배수관으로 활용되고 있는데, 차량 진동과 부식에 의한 결합의 생성으로 정수의 누수 문제를 일으킨다. 그러나, 탐상 경제성 및 효용성 문제로 관내 검사장치 투입과 같은 직접적인 검사 방법의 수행이 제한되어 왔다. 원격장 와전류 방법은 시스템 구성이 용이하고, 내·외부 부식 결함에 대한 정량적인 평가가 가능하기 때문에 경제성 있는 장치 개발이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 원격장 와전류 기술을 이용하여 상수도 관망의 특성을 고려한 매설 배관 검사시 스템 개발을 수행하였다. 세부적으로는 관내 투입 원격장 와전류 검사의 기구부 설계 및 제작, 원격장 와전류 신호의 획득 및 처리 프로그램 개발, 그리고 개발 장치의 운용 방법 및 절차 검토 등으로 되어 있다. Remote field eddy current testing (RFECT) with through-wall transmission characteristic is being applied to pipes ranging from small tubes of heat exchanger to natural gas supply pipelines. Cast iron popes with nominal diameter of 100㎜ are used primarily as the waterline pipes. The leakage of water occurs due to defects in the pipes caused by vibration of automobiles and corrosion. But, the use of direct inspection methods such as insertion of inspection equipment inside the pipelines has been limited due to its lack of economical efficiency. Economical development of inspection equipments is possible since RFECT method can be easily employed for system integration and quantitative evaluation of both inside and outside defects. In this study, the development of underground pipeline inspection system was carried out by using RFECT method in consideration of the characteristics of waterline network. This paper specifically describes the design and production of RFECT pipeline inspection pig using centralizer mechanism, development of remote field eddy current signal acquisition and processing software, and review of RFECT system operation procedures.

自由의 槪念에 대한 硏究 : 그 實現條件과 關聯하여 Relating to the Conditions of Self-fullfilment

鄭鎭午 제주대학 1979 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Isaiah Berlin divides the concept of freedom into two categories: negative and positive. The negative is a principle of liberalism and the positive is a principle of democracy. On the other hand, Ralf Dahrendorf also divides it into two categories: the problematic and the assertoric. The problematic means that the freedom is possible in circumstances without any suppression and the assertoric means that the freedom is possible when the opportunity of self-full filment is perceived. Berlin's concepts are able to be adapted to the analysis of totalitarian despotism and Dahrendorf's concepts are able to be adapted to the analysis of the free society. And Dahrendorf has concluded that all citizens' fundamental equality must become a central point of future political platform and the equal liberty is the most fundamental one which should precede any other value, And Charles Vereker points out that today we are beset with the trouble some task of comprehending a nascent international society with the help of political concepts almost wholly limited to the needs of nation at sovereignty.

Paraquat 투여로 인한 간세포의 초미세 형태학적 변화

정진오,손태중 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1983 慶北醫大誌 Vol.24 No.1

Free radical 제거 효소계를 많이 함유한 간세포에서 대량의 paraquat 투여로 일어나는 미세구조의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐에 체중 ㎏ 당 20㎎ 및 40㎎의 paraquat를 정맥내에 주입하고 24시간, 36시간 및 48시간 뒤에 각각 광학 및 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 이들의 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 광학현미경적으로는 충혈, 간세포의 종창 및 중심성 지방변성이 일어났으며 paraquat의 투여량에 따른 차이는 없었다. 전자현미경적으로는 mitochondria에서는 종창, 기질의 전자밀도의 저하 및 cristae의 감소가 일어났으며 RER에서는 종창과 양의 감소, SER에서는 증식, 그리고 각종 lysosome 및 peroxisome의 증가가 일어났다. 또한 이러한 변화들은 paraquat 투여후 48시간째에는 거의 회복되어 대조군의 소견과 유사하였으나 lysosome 및 peroxisome은 계속 증가되어 있었다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 paraquat 투여시 간세포에서는 mitochondria 와 RER에 주된 퇴행성 변화가 일어나며 또한 이들을 수복하고 paraquat에 의해 생성되는 free radical 을 제거하기 위해 각종 lysosome 과 peroxisome이 증가될 것이라 생각된다. 그러고 체중 ㎏ 당 40㎎의 paraquat 투여시에도 간세포에 일어나는 손상의 정도는 회복될 수 있는 가역성 변화로서 이는 간세포가 superoxide dismutase, catalase 및 glutathione reductase 등 free radical 제거 효소계를 풍부하게 함유하고 있기 때문이라 생각한다. The hepatocytes contain large amounts of enzymes of free radical scavenger such as, superoxide dismutases, catalases, and glutathione reductases, Therefore, it can be thought that the hepatocytes are resistant to injuries of free radicals. So the authors carried out study on ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes after administration of large amounts of paraquat. The paraquat was injected to male Sprague-Dawley rats divided two groups by dosages of 20mg and 40mg per kg of body weight. The rats were observed periodically at 24, 36, and 48 hours after paraquat administration by means of both light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows. Light microscopically, the liver showed congestion, hydropic swelling of the hepatocytes, and mild fatty change in centrilobular areas. These changes are not diffrent on the dosage of paraquat. Electron microscopically, it appeared that mitochondria; swelling, decrease of matrical electron density, and scanty cristae, RER; swelling, SER; hypertrophy, and peroxisomes and various lysosomes; increase in number. These changes almostly recovered at 48 hours after the parequat administration. But lysosomes and peroxisomes persistantly increased during the period of experiment. From these results, it is believed that, in the hepatocytes, the main ultrastructural changes induced by the paraquat are degradations of mitochondria and RER, and that peroxisomes and various lysosomes are increased to repair organellar degradations and to scavenge the free radicals. With dosage of 40mg per kg of paraquat, hepatocytic injury is reversible which may be caused by large amounts of superoxide dismutases, catalases, and glutathione reductases scavenging free radicals in the hepatocytes.

孫炳熙의 政治思想에 대한 硏究

鄭鎭午 제주대학교 1986 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

Son-Byung-hee's political thought is divided into four categories , man's equality to heaven, three wars, Gapjin(1904) modernizing movement and separation of politics and church. Criticizing monarchy, he asserted democracy and considered the cooperation between Korea and Japan in the Russo-Japanese war of 1904 as desirable He emphasized the state prior to church and economy.