원저 : 비부 수술에 대한 임상적 고찰 ( Original Article : Clinical study of Nose Operation )

조성덕(Sung Duk Cho),장충현(Choong Hyun Chang),이두형(Doo Hyung Lee) 경희대학교 경희의료원 1986 慶熙醫學 Vol.2 No.4

한국문집의 이체자 자형연구(1) -『한국문집총간』을 중심으로-

조성덕 ( Sung Duk Cho ) 동방한문학회 2008 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.36

본고는 한국문집총간에 나타난 조선시대의 다양한 이체자의 자형과 원리를 검토하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 같은 한자문화권인 중국·대만·일본의 경우 한자의 이체자형에 대한 연구가 金石文을 비롯하여 각종 서적까지 광범위하게 진행되고 있으며, 그 결과 많은 전문 연구서적과 사전들이 출판되어 자국의 문화를 연구하고 이해하는 데 많은 도움을 주고 있다. 이에 반해 우리나라는 일부 학자와 연구기관에서 산발적으로 연구를 해오고 있으며, 그나마의 소중한 연구 성과도 제대로 활용되지 못하고 있다. 이체자 자형의 연구에서 분류 원칙은 크게 필획의 추가와 생략으로 나눌 수 있다. 일반적으로 글자에 단순한 획이 추가되는 이유를 보면 크게 `필사의 편리함`, `자형의 안정감`, `다른 글자와의 구분의 필요성` 등으로 나눌 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 자형의 변화는 개인적인 필기습관의 차이나 시대적 특성과 맞물려 다양한 형태로 변화하였다. 반대로 필획을 생략하는 이유를 살펴보면 `빠른 필사를 위해 번거로운 획이나 복잡한 획의 생략`, `글자 구분에 문제가 없는 복잡한 획의 생략`, `쓰기에 편리한 성분으로 대체`, `부호를 사용하여 생략하는 경우` 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 필획의 생략은 필획의 추가보다 좀 더 다양한 유형으로 나타난다. This paper purpose to research about variant chinese character`s form and principle how they changed original form in old Sino-Korean collection work series at Chosun dynasty. In the same Sino-chinese culture area, like PRC, Taiwan, Japan`s variant chinese characters research is now extend from the epigraph to innumerable old books, their research activities became published and open to the world, can help other person understand and research their old culture. But, in korea only a few people or some of research institute only interest find variant chinese character in some field. Even so their research result limited accept and use for other research. Provide principle about Variant chinese character form`s, can separate two way. One is adding stroke, the other is removing stroke. So many case, adding stroke principle reason is for "more convenient for writing", "stabilization form", "need a distinction between similar character form". But, like this some reason is mixed with one person`s writing way or some age`s special quality, go to changed numerable special form. In case of removing stroke, we can find some of reason, like "for more quickly writing", "removing no need to distinction some character`s stroke", "change more convenient stroke or symbol". Like this removing way more complex than adding stroke.

Sharing용 ESS의 누설전류 발생 메커니즘 및 모델링에 관한 연구

조성덕(Sung-Duck Cho),이후동(Hu-Dong Lee),신건(Jian Shen),노대석(Dae-Seok Rho) 대한전기학회 2021 전기학회논문지 Vol.70 No.4

Contrary to a stationary ESS, a sharing ESS is movable and ought to be interconnected with distribution systems at many different locations, which means the reliability of safety for personnel and ESS facilities is essentially required. Especially, the leakage-current due to insulation degradation of customer facilities and load-unbalance may adversely influence batteries in sharing ESS depending on the grounding system of customers. Therefore, this paper presents mechanisms of the leakage-current occurrence by load-unbalance, insulation degradation of secondary lines and facilities, and stray-capacitance of IGBT in PCS of sharing ESS. And also, a modeling of the proposed mechanism is performed using PSCAD/EMTDC software to evaluate the characteristics of leakage-current in accordance with the causes of occurrence. As a result of the simulation with parameter analysis based on the above-mentioned modeling, it is found that the magnitude of leakage-current caused by switching operation of PCS is dependent on stray-capacitance of IGBT and is confirmed that inflow of leakage-current to batteries is occurred. Moreover, it is validated that the sharing ESS can be potentially influenced by the leakage-current inflow due to the unbalanced-load and insulation degradation at customer side, depending on the resistance ratio of cases of battery and PCS in sharing ESS.

한국문집의 이체자 자형연구(2)

趙成德(Cho, Sung-Duk) 한국고전번역원 2010 民族文化 Vol.- No.35

본고는 한국문집에 나타난 이체자의 자형을 『한국문집총간』에서 추출하여 ‘構件의 변화’라는 틀 안에서 세부 항목을 설정하였다. 그리고, 해당하는 용례를 정리하여 자형 변화가 생기게 된 원인과 변화된 자형이 나타나는 글자들을 검토하였다. 특히 변화의 양상이 다양한 人, 口, 太, 火의 4건 자형을 대상으로 하였다. 본고에서는 漢字 構件을 유형별로 정리하고 용례를 열거한 후 해당 자형의 변화를 간략히 설명하는 방식을 채택하였다. 글자의 범위는 폰트가 있더라도 정자를 제외한 글자에 대해서는 가능한 한 출전을 병기하였다. 분류 항목은 漢字 자형의 변화로 볼 때 연관이 있다고 생각하는 構件을 유별로 정리한 것이다. 따라서 서로 연관이 없어 보이는 構件이 동일한 항목에 포함된 경우가 있다. 또한 構件에 해당하지 않지만 구분이 필요한 경우에도 構件과 동일하게 분류항목을 설정하여 정리하였다. 현재는 여건상 일부의 검토에 그쳤으나 향후 지속적인 연구를 진행하면 문집에 사용된 이체자의 유형에 대한 심도 깊은 연구가 이루어질 것으로 생각한다. This paper progress the research that extract some examples of variant Chinese characters in ‘Comprehensive Edition of Korean Literary Collections’ and set up the details in the changes of structural component. And then we study the reasons that make the changes of characters and the characters changed forms through organizing the examples. Especially, 人(person), 口(mouth), 大(big), 火(fire) which are variant shapes of the change are main research object. We arrange the Chinese characters by structural component types, list the examples, and then give a simple explanation of the changes of the each character. If the characters are not the unsimplified form of Chinese characters even though it could show on the computer monitor, we use the images from Comprehensive Edition of Korean Literary Collection Categories are organized the related structural component types in aspect of the changes of Chinese characters. Therefore some structural component that looks intuitively independent each other could be in the same category. Also, when some cases which are not applicable to structural component need to classify, we give categories them as structural component. This research is continued for the future, we expect the in-depth study about the type of the variant Chinese characters in old Korean literary works.

셰익스피어의 희곡텍스트들에 대한 오손 웰즈의 영상 번안 전략 연구 -<맥베스>와 <오델로>의 영상 테크닉 비교 중심으로-

조성덕 ( Sung Duck Cho ) 한양대학교 현대영화연구소 2013 현대영화연구 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study is mainly to examine the fundamental principles of film adaptation and also investigate especially into the main strategy of Orson Welle film adaptations of literary works in terms of artistic approach of his own. The strategy of his film adaptation was not only to include the main intentions of original writers but also add his own vision and themes so that the process of adaptation could create the unique artistic works. During his own career, Orson Welles filmed many Shakespeare film adaptations. For example, Macbeth remains true to the play`s text but present it with his visual vision in terms of artistic filming. Also Orson Welles didn`t hesitate to add his own themes into his film adaptation ``Macbeth``. But Welles dramatically changed his own conception of film adaptation when in filming his next project, ``Othello`` since the film version which showed his changed conception of film adaptation was radically different from his prior adaptation. While his intention was still not to harm the original texts, his film version of ``Othello`` was a creative adaptation but also included new themes and ideas of his own. Also one of his last adaptation films, ``The Trial`` could be regarded as his best and ideal adaptation. Therefore Investigating into experiments of Orson Welles will prove beneficial to learning process of how to create unique film adaptations.

新出字形의 접근방법과 판독유형

조성덕(Cho, Sung-duk) 한국고전번역원 2015 民族文化 Vol.46 No.-

본고는 고문헌을 접하는 연구자들이 신출자형을 판독하는 데 조금이나마 도움이 되고자 필자의 경험을 토대로 몇 가지 유형으로 나누어 정리한 것이다. 신출자형의 판독을 위해 접근할 수 있는 방법은 다양하므로 연구자의 성향이나 전공에 따라 편리한 방법으로 접근하는 것이 유리하다. 2장에서는 신출자형의 접근방법을 ‘원전텍스트’, ‘유사내용’, ‘운서자료’ 세 가지로 나누어 기술하였다. ‘원전텍스트’에서는 13經과 諸子百家와 관련 있다고 판단되는 경우 1차적으로 원전텍스트를 검토하고, 전거를 찾기 어려운 경우 <고전DB> 등 각종 DB를 통해 유사내용을 확인하는 방법과 유사자형의 비교를 통해 검토하고, ‘운서자료’에서는 韻文에 해당하는 자료의 경우 韻字를 검토하여 해당 자형을 검증하는 방법 등을 소개하였다. 3장에서는 자형분석을 통해 판독한 유형을 ‘異體字’ ‘異形字’ ‘音借字’ ‘校勘’으로 나누어 기술하였다. 이중 유형이 많은 ‘異形字’는 새로운 구조, 簡化, 繁化, 異動, 類化, 對替, 追加 등으로 세분하였다. ‘誤字와 校勘’에서는 한국고전번역원의 <교감지침>을 참고하여 誤字로 간주하여 교감처리를 할 것인지, 이체자로 인정하여 바로 대체할 것인지가 애매한 유형들에 대해 검토하였다. This paper is based on my experience of summarizing newly encountered characters into several types. I hope it will be of help to researchers. In reading old documents, it is necessary to recognize and decide if certain Chinese characters are new to the reader or simply represent a variant form. In section two, I will discuss a three-point method to recognize difficult Chinese characters; the three points are their use in old texts, their similarity to other characters, and the contents of rhyming dictionaries (韻書). If a researcher believes that the text in question is related to the thirteen classics (十三經) or an early Chinese philosopher (諸子百家), he must first review the text and look to find the same text in the classics. If it is difficult to locate the text in question in the classics, the researcher should then search for similar content. This can be done by using a large database. The third method is using rhyming dictionaries. The researcher should look for the character’s rhyme and then search for the same or similarly shaped characters in the book. By using the way explained above, the researcher can make decisions about the new character shape and assign it to one of five categories: variant (異體字), various structural component (異形字), characters that are phonetic loans (音借字), wrong shape (誤字) and collation (校勘). Various structural components occur by reason of novelty, simplification, complication, movement, ellipsis, replacement of component, and addition. Also, the wrong shape and collation sections discusses how to review vague characters and divide them into either the category of having the wrong shape or one of various other forms of a character.

ESS용 연계변압기의 외함접지에 의한 CMV 발생 메커니즘에 관한 연구

조성덕(Sung-Duck Cho),최성문(Seong-Moon Choi),황소연(So-Yeon Hwang),전진택(Jin-Taek Jeon),노대석(Dae-Seok Rho) 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

최근, 전력사용량 요금 절감 및 전력계통의 수요 안정화용으로, 전기자동차의 폐배터리를 재활용한 Sharing용 ESS 서비스 실증사업이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만, ESS에서 빈번하게 발생하는 화재사고에 대한 주요 원인 중 하나로 CMV(CMV: common mode voltage)가 지목됨에 따라, 연계변압기의 외함접지에 의해 발생하는 CMV가 Sharing용 ESS의 배터리 측 절연성능에 미칠 수 있는 영향에 대한 정확한 분석이 요구되고 있다. 다라서, 본 논문에서는 Sharing용 ESS 연계변압기의 결선방식 및 외함접지에 따른 CMV 발생 메커니즘을 제시하고, 배전계통 상용해석 프로그램인 PSCAD/ EMTDC를 이용하여 Sharing용 ESS의 CMV 모델링을 수행한다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 연계변압기의 외함접지에 따라 CMV가 발생하여, Sharing용 ESS의 배터리 측 절연성능에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Sharing용 ESS의 CMV 발생 메커니즘 및 모델링에 관한 연구

조성덕(Sung-Duck Cho),신건(Jian Shen),최성문(Sung-Moon Choi),한병길(Byeong-Gill Han),노대석(Dae-Seok Rho) 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.4

최근, 전기자동차의 폐배터리를 재활용한 Sharing용 ESS 서비스 실증사업이 활발하게 진행되고 있는데, 이러한 Sharing용 ESS는 빈번하게 이동하여 수용가 계통에 연계되므로 CMV를 포함한 전기적 위해요인의 안전성에 대한 대응 방안이 요구되고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 Sharing용 ESS를 대상으로 다양한 요소에 의한 CMV 발생 메커니즘을 제시하고, 이를 바탕으로, 배전계통 상용해석 프로그램을 이용하여 Sharing용 ESS의 CMV 모델링을 수행하고, 각 CMV 발생메커니즘에 따른 특성을 평가한다. 상기에서 제시한 메커니즘과 모델링을 바탕으로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, Sharing용 ESS의 PCS에 설치된 IGBT와 방열판 사이의 기생커패시턴스가 증가할수록 IGBT 스위칭에 의한 CMV의 크기가 증가하고, 배터리측의 보호기기가 동작하면 매우 큰 CMV가 서지 형태로 발생하여 ESS 구성품의 절연을 파괴할 가능성이 있으며, 연계용 변압기 2차측의 결선방식이 Y결선일 경우, CMV의 크기가 전기설비기준의 절연레벨을 초과하여 배터리측의 절연레벨에 악영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한, 연계용 변압기의 결선방식에 대하여 외함접지를 고려할 경우, 외함접지를 고려하지 않은 경우보다 CMV가 약 16배 정도 더 크게 발생함을 알 수 있고, 높은 뇌서지에 장기간 노출될 경우, 배터리측의 절연성능에 악영향을 줄 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있다. Recently, a demonstration project of a shared ESS service using re-used EV(electric vehicle) batteries has been actively promoted. Countermeasures for safety hazards including CMV are required since a shared ESS frequently interconnects with a customer system. Therefore, this paper presents mechanisms of CMV due to diverse factors in a shared ESS. Based on the proposed mechanisms, we performed modeling of CMV in a shared ESS and evaluated the characteristics of CMV. From the simulation result based on the proposed mechanisms and modeling, it was confirmed that the CMV due to IGBT switching increases along with the magnitude of stray capacitance between an IGBT and heatsink in PCS. CMV may also breakdown the insulation of ESS components when protection devices on the battery side are operated. When the wiring method of the secondary side of a grid-connected transformer is a Y connection, the CMV may negatively influence the insulation level of the battery. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the CMV with consideration of enclosure grounding was 16 times more than that without the consideration, and the insulation on the battery side may be negatively influenced when the battery is exposed to the CMV caused by a lightning surge for a long time.

茶山 丁若鏞의 孝觀

조성덕 ( Seong Duk Cho ) 우리한문학회 2007 漢文學報 Vol.16 No.-

After its introduction in the late Goryeo Dynasty, the Chosun Dynasty accepted Confucianism as its basic ideology and established the philosophical and theoretical foundation as Confucianism became systematized. It emphasized the Three Bonds and Five Moral Rules in Human Relations(三綱五倫), which is based on loyalty and filial piety, as new moral standards to educate its people. Among these, filial piety has both a positive side and a negative side; while it unites families and purifies social customs, its formal customs repress individuals` progressive spirits, slows down the society`s rational reform, and maintains feudalism. Therefore, when investigating the traditional concept of filial piety today, all of these various aspects should be put into consideration altogether. In the Chosun Dynasty which inherited Confucianist traditions, filial piety was an essential and indispensable element. For this reason, many scholars have referred to it. Among them, Dasan felt more seriousness about the absence of the Three Bonds and Five Moral Rules in Human Relations than anyone else, and lamented that people did not practice filial piety from the bottom of their hearts but only used shallow deceptions to satisfy their ambition for fame. Dasan`s Commentary on the Analects of Confucius did not accept or inherit the old commentaries. Rather, he used precise and thorough historical research and his own new perspective to recall the significance of Ongojisbin(溫故知新), which means to try to find a guide into tomorrow by taking lessons from the past. By interpreting it at various angles, he tried to prove Confucius` ideas rational and realistic. In this respect, his commentary on the Analects of Confucius is a masterpiece not only in the history of Confucian classics in Korea, but also in the history of Confucianism in the world. Dasan perceived that ancient people had mastered the truth of morality. Thus, he emphasized that they considered filial piety, respect, and loyalty as if they would obey the law of nature, and that they used ceremonial entertainment and penal administration as tools for ruling the people. In the Story of Jung the Filial Son, Dasan severely criticized various social conditions in which people wore filial masks`` to promote their own advancement in life and to deceive others. Dasan believed that filial piety was the basis to scold disorder of the Three Government Affairs(三政) and the Moral Principles(綱常), to overcome the difficult situation of the nation, and to straighten reality. Thus, he demanded that politicians as well as the people have the right mind about filial piety and tried hard for its actual practice. Although Dasan`s claims about the filial perspective relies its point of argument on referring to traditional ideas, qualitatively it is developed in a way different from the established concept of filial piety. Such thoughts of him show clear difference from those of the gentry, who faded the true definition of filial piety due to personal obligations or justification. His claims also maintain a rational and logical cognitive approach in that they emphasize practice and reality.

RFID 기반 실선 물품관리 시스템

조성락(Seong-Rak Cho),백부근(Bu-Geun Paik),조인성(In-Sung Cho),박범진(Beom-Jin Park),이동곤(Dong-Kon Lee),배병덕(Byung-Dueg Bae),윤종휘(Jong-Hwui Yun) 대한조선학회 2009 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.46 No.2