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진승환,박영숙,박윤희,장현정,김성록 대한재활의학회 2017 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.41 No.1
Objective To compare overall physical function, including gait speed and peripheral nerve function, between diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and nondiabetic CKD patients and to investigate the association between gait speed and peripheral nerve function in CKD patients.Methods Sixty adult CKD patients (35 with and 25 without diabetes), who received maintenance hemodialysis (HD), were included in this study. Demographic data, past medical history, current medical condition and functional data—usual gait speed, vibration perception threshold for the index finger (VPT-F) and the great toe (VPT-T), activity of daily living (ADL) difficulty, and peripheral neuropathy (PN) along with the degree of its severity—were collected and compared between the two groups. Correlations between the severity of PN and the impairment of other functions were identified.Results Diabetic CKD patients showed significantly slower gait speed (p=0.029), impaired sensory function (VPT-F, p=0.011; VPT-T, p=0.023), and more frequent and severe PN (number of PN, p<0.001; severity of PN, p<0.001) as compared to those without diabetes. Usual gait speed had a significant negative correlation with the severity of PN (rho=–0.249, p=0.013). By contrast, VPT-F (rho=0.286, p=0.014) and VPT-T (rho=0.332, p=0.035) were positively correlated with the severity of PN. ADL difficulty was comparatively more frequent in the patients with more severe PN (p=0.031).Conclusion In CKD patients with maintenance HD, their gait speed, sensory functions, and peripheral nerve functions were all significantly impaired when they have diabetes, and the severity of PN was negatively correlated with their gait speed, sensory function, and ADL function. Adverse effects of diabetes impacted physical performance of CKD patients. The physical disability of those patients might be attributable to PN and its severity.
인공위성의 열제어를 위한 히이트파이프 방열장치의 성능해석
秦昇煥,夫俊洪 한국항공대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.30 No.-
본 연구는 인공위성과 같은 우주비행체 내의 폐열을 효과적으로 방출하기 위한 히이트파이프 방열장치에 대한 모델링 및 성능해석과정을 다루고 있다. 수학적 모델링은 lumped-layer 모델에 기초하였으며, 방열부 표면의 복사현상해석에는 등가주위온도를 이용하였다. 선택된 히이트파이프의 사양에서 방열부 길이, 열복사 강도, 표면의 흡수율과 방사율 등 여러가지 기본설계변수가 전방열량 및 단위 질량당 방열량에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 한편, 열부하의 크기 및 방열기 표면 성질의 변화에 따르는 히이트파이프내 각 영역의 온도분포를 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 방법으로 ATS-6의 실제 방열장치 데이터를 사용하여 성능모사를 한 결과, 알려진 실험치에 매우 근접한 방열량 및 평균작동온도를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 모델과 성능해석 방법은 실제에 유용하다고 사료된다. This study deals with modeling and performance analysis of a heat pipe radiator that can be used to reject effectively the waste heat of satellites. Mathematical modeling is based on the lumped-layer model. An equivalent surrounding temperature was introduced for the analysis of thermal radiation at the radiator surface. With a chosen heat pipe geometry, the effects of various base design parameters of the system, such as condenser length, irradiation intensity, absorptivity and emissivity of the surface, on the total amount of heat transfer and on the amount of heat transfer per unit mass were investigated. Furthermore, temperature distributions in each region of the heat pipe were examined due to the change of thermal load and surface properties. A performance simulation was conducted using actual data of a heat rejection system of the ATS-6. The result agrees well with known experimental data, in the amount of heat rejection and the mean operating temperature. The model and analysis method presented herein is thus considered to be useful in practice.