Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Protease-resistant Xylanase from Streptomyces fradiae var. K11

( Ning Li ),( Pei Long Yang ),( Ya Ru Wang ),( Hui Ying Luo ),( Kun Meng ),( Ning Feng Wu ),( Yun Liu Fan ),( Bin Yao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.3

新加坡小學華文字頻硏究

동아여 ( Ya Ru Dong ),이국영 ( Guo Ying Li ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2012 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.28 No.-

新加坡因爲社會語言環境的改變進行了2004年和2011年兩次大規模的華文敎改, 由"少敎多學"到"樂學善用". 作者認爲, 這只是敎學策略上的突破, 其核心問題卽新加坡小學華文識字敎學"識什마"(字種)、"識多少"(字量)、"즘마識"(字序)三個最基本的問題병沒有解決. 本論文對新加坡2007年出版的『小學華文』12冊敎材中的核心單元部分、課外閱讀輔助讀物『記憶像一個箱子』、輔助刊物『新朋友』、『新天地』、『新列車』的封面閱讀篇章和華文報刊『聯合早報』中的頭版國際、國內和敎育新聞進行字頻調査, 建立了由這四種材料構成的數據庫, 分別從字種、字量、字序、覆蓋率、復現率等方面對閱讀篇章進行統計、分析與硏究, 報告目前新加坡小學識字敎材幷不符合新加坡本地的華文字頻規律的現狀, 探討如何使新加坡小學生識字敎材設計更具新加坡特色, 更加科學化、合理化、系統化, 幷提出建立新加坡『兒童高頻字表』, 把字表中的字融入敎材編寫過程中, 科學建序;再建立『兒童常用字表』, 把타融入敎案設計過程中, 結合"滾動式"識字敎學法, 使學習者更加有趣地學習, 從而體現新加坡敎育部大力提倡和推廣的"樂學"的敎學理念和"善用"的敎學主張. Singapore changing social language environment has brought about two major reforms to the Chinese language education namely "teach less and learn more" and "making learning interesting and more relevant". The objective is to motivate pupils to learn more and encourage the capable pupils to help the weaker pupils in the learning process. However, the author believes that this reform is just a breakthrough in teaching strategies, but the core problem is not resolved. The primary school Chinese literacy teaching in Singapore has not been resolved which include 3 basic aspects like word types, word content and word order. In this thesis, the author focuses on word frequency survey taken from the following: (1) 12 core units in the primary school Chinese text books from the Singapore Ministry of Education. (2) Reading books which are widely used by Singapore primary school "Memory is like a box". (3) The front page of the auxiliary publications including "New Friends", "New World ", "New Train". (4) The front page of the Singapore Chinese newspaper "Lianhe Zaobao" which includes international, domestic and educational information. Based on the word species, the amount of words, word order and coverage of the four databases, statistics are compiled, analyzed and researched. It`s noted that the current Chinese language literacy teaching in Singapore primary schools is not so adequate. The literacy teaching materials in Singapore can be made more adequate by making them more featured, more scientific, reasonable and systematic. The author proposes the creation of two unique charts relevant to the Singapore children. Firstly "children`s high-frequency words" chart to be used for literacy teaching materials and secondly" children`s common usage words" chart to integrate with literacy teaching using`` rolling strategy`` and put it into the lesson plan design process, so that learning is made more interesting. This goes hand in hand with the Ministry of Education promotion "making learning interesting and more relevant".

Investigation on alkalinity of pore solution and microstructure of hardened cement-slag pastes in purified water

Hu, Ya-Ru,Zuo, Xiao-Bao,Li, Xiang-Nan,Jiang, Dong-Qi Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.6

To evaluate the influence of slag on the alkalinity of pore solution and microstructure of concrete, this paper performs a leaching experiment on hardened cement-slag pastes (HCSP) slice specimens with different slag content in purified water. The pH value of pore solution, average porosity, morphology, phase composition and Ca/Si of HCSP specimens in the leaching process are measured by solid-liquid extraction, saturated-dried weighing, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results shows that the addition of slag can mitigate an increase in porosity and a decrease in Ca/Si of HCSP in the leaching process. Besides, an appropriate slag content can improve the microstructure so as to obtain the optimum leaching resistance of HCSP, which can guarantee the suitable alkalinity of pore solution to prevent a premature corrosion of reinforced bar. The optimum slag content is 40% in HCSP with a water-binder ratio of 0.45, and an excessive slag causes a significant decrease in the alkalinity of pore solution, resulting in a loss of protection on reinforced bar in HCSP.

The Study of Influencing Factors of Mobile E-commerce Software Use Intention-based on TAM and TRA

Yan Zhao,Ya-Ru Xue,Yan-Fei Jin,Jun-Wei Li,Yi He 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.8

With the wide popularity of mobile devices, e-commerce software in the mobile client forms a larger consumer market, which makes the volume of e-commerce transactions having a wide range of growth. As the consumers have a frequent contact with mobile devices, which makes consumers pay more attention to security and entertainment of the e-commerce software. Past mobile e-business research typically focus on the related factors about transaction process, like interface design, services and user experience, but seldom study the factors about consumers. On the basis of the TAM, this paper not only added perceived security and perceived entertainment, but also the consumers’ personality factors like subjective norm in TRA, into the model. The study shows that PU, PEU, PS and PE all will have direct or indirect effects on use attitude and use intention, and subjective norms and use attitude will directly affect the consumers' use intention. Through the empirical analysis we found that e-commerce operators not only make the consumers experience more of usefulness and ease of use, security, and entertainment in the technology and services, but also improve the popularity with the aid of the mainstream media propaganda and star power to enhance the public's normative beliefs, which will ultimately affect the user behavior of the consumers.

Gene Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Novel β-Mannanase from Bacillus circulans CGMCC 1416

( Yan An Li ),( Pei Long Yang ),( Kun Meng ),( Ya Ru Wang ),( Hui Ying Luo ),( Ning Feng Wu ),( Yun Liu Fan ),( Bin Yao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.1

A DNA fragment containing 2,079 base pairs from Bacillus circulans CGMCC 1416 was cloned using degenerate PCR and inverse PCR. An open reading frame containing 981 bp was identified that encoding 326 amino acids residues, including a putative signal peptide of 31 residues. The deduced amino acid sequence showed the highest identity (68.1%) with endo-β-1,4-D-mannanase from Bacillus circulans strain K-1 of the glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5). The sequence encoding the mature protein was cloned into the pET-22b(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli as a recombinant fusion protein containing an N-terminal hexahistidine sequence. The fusion protein was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and its hexahistidine tag cleaved to yield a 31-kDa β-mannanase having a specific activity of 481.55 U/mg. The optimal activity of the purified protein, MANB48, was at 58℃ and pH 7.6. The hydrolysis product on substrate locust bean gum included a monosaccharide and mainly oligosaccharides. The recombinant MANB48 may be of potential use in the feed industry.

A Study of the Reflexive "ziji" and Pronoun "ta" in Mandarin Chinese

( Xiao Xiang Chen ),( Ru Ya Li ),( Cai Mei Yang ),( Jun Xu ) 경희대학교 비교문화연구소 2007 比較文化硏究 Vol.11 No.1

A Systematic Search for the Geometric Structures, Stabilities and Electronic Properties of Bimetallic CsAu(0,±1)n Clusters

Hu Yan-Fei,Li Qing-Yang,Zhao Ya-Ru,Jiang Gang 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.1

The geometric structures, relative stabilities, growth-pattern behaviors, and electronic properties of neutral and charged CsAun(0,±1) clusters have been systematically investigated with the general gradient approximation (GGA) exchange correlation density functional theory (TPSSTPSS) and a relativistic effective core potential, together with a vibrational frequency anslysis. The optimized geometric structures show that the ground-state structures have three-dimensional (3D) structures from n = 4 and that the doped Cs atoms tend to locate at the symmetry and surface position. One gold-atom-capped CsAun-1(0,±1) structure for CsAun(0,±1) clusters with increasing number of Au atoms is the dominant growth pattern. The total energies and the averaged atomic binding energies exhibit a sequence of CsAun- > CsAun > CsAun+, which indicates that the stability of anionic CsAun- clusters is higher than that of neutral CsAun clusters and that the CsAun clusters is more stable than the cationic CsAun+ clusters. The relative stabilities are examined based on the analysis of the averaged atomic binding energy and the second-order difference energy, and the results indicate that the CsAu3, CsAu6+ and CsAu2- clusters are the most stable clusters. Based on the analysis of the frontier molecular orbitals, we find that the CsAun(0,±1) (n = 1 - 10) clusters can more easily acquire electrons and that the loss of electrons is difficult. The highest occupied-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gaps exhibit significant even-odd oscillation behavior. The higher gaps are exhibited by neutral CsAun clusters with odd numbers of gold atoms and ionic CsAunㅇ1 clusters with even numbers of gold atoms. Especially, the CsAu3, CsAu6+ and CsAu2- clusters have the highest HOMO-LUMO gaps, which proves again that CsAu3, CsAu6^+ and CsAu2- clusters are the most stable and the magic structures. Because of the electronegativity of Au is higher than that of the Cs atom, the charge transfers from the Cs atoms to the Aun frames in the CsAun±1 clusters. Furthermore, we have calculated the dissociation energies and found that the CsAun+ clusters have lower dissociation energies. This indicates that CsAun^+ clusters are easy to dissociate and less stable. The dissociation energies of the CsAun and the CsAun- clusters exhibit a generally opposite odd-even behavior.

Immune and Anti-oxidant Functions of Ethanol Extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Mice Bearing U14 Cervical Cancers

Peng, Yong,Guo, Cong-Shan,Li, Pan-Xia,Fu, Zhan-Zhao,Gao, Li-Ming,Di, Ya,Ju, Ya-Kun,Tian, Ru,Xue, Jia-Jia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10

Background: The objective was to study the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ethanol extracts (SBGE) on immune and anti-oxidant function in U14 tumor-bearing mice. Materials and Methods: U14 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into eight groups: a control group, a cyclophosphamide (CTX) group, three dose groups of SBGEI (high, medium, low), and three dose groups of SBGEII (high, medium, low). After two weeks, the thymus and spleen weight indices of mice bearing U14 cervical cancer were calculated. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of serum IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-8, and PCNA. MDA activity and SOD activity in plasma were measured with detection kits. Results: In the SBGE groups, thymus weight and spleen weight indices of U14 tumor-bearing mice were significantly higher than in the control group or CTX group (p<0.05). Compared to control group, the levels of serum IL-2 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in U14 tumor-bearing mice increased significantly, whereas the contents of serum IL-8 and PCNA decreased (p<0.05). The activity of SOD increased with the growing dose of SBGE, while the activity of MDA decreased significantly in the highe-rdose groups of SBGE. Conclusions: These findings suggested that SBGE, especially at high dose, 1000 mg/kg, showed significant immune and anti-oxidant effects infU14 tumor-bearing mice, which might be the mechanisms of SBGE inhibition of tumor growth.

[P10-127] Physiological effects of Korean solar salt and its processed salts on rats with liver injury induced by CCl₄

Tian-Cheng Gao,Hag-lyeol Kim,Yeon-Hee Son,Hua Li,Ya-ru Yang,Kyung-Sik Ham 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2005 No.10

IL-33/ST2 axis mediates hyperplasia of intrarenal urothelium in obstructive renal injury

Wei-Yu Chen,Jenq-Lin Yan,Yi-Hsiu Wu,Lung-Chih Li,Ru-Fang Li,Ya-Ting Chang,Lo-Hsin Dai,Wan-Chen Wang,Ya-Jen Chang 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

The monolayered intrarenal urothelium covers the renal papilla and ureteropelvic junction (UPJ). In response to increased renal pressure during obstruction or ischemic injuries, intrarenal urothelial cells begin to proliferate and form a multilayered urothelium. Little is known regarding the mechanism and pathophysiological role of urothelium hyperplasia during renal obstruction. In this study, we investigated the expression of interleukin (IL)-33, an IL-1 family cytokine, in kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced obstructive injury. IL-33 levels in hydronephrotic urine and serum were upregulated 2 days after UUO. The number of ST2-expressing immune cells was increased in the UUO kidney. We found that IL-33 was upregulated in vimentin-positive cells in the cortical and medullar layers and the UPJ stroma. Moreover, IL-33 expression was predominantly induced in multilayered keratin 5- positive urothelial cells in the UPJ. IL-33 was not detected in terminally differentiated superficial umbrella cells expressing uroplakin 3a. In vivo, we confirmed that deficiency of IL33 or its receptor ST2 attenuated UUO-induced hyperplasia of the UPJ urothelium. Deficiency of IL33 attenuated the expression of UUO-induced type 2 inflammatory cytokines and upregulated uroplakins and urothelial differentiation signaling in UPJ tissues. Our results collectively suggest that the IL-33/ST2 axis mediates the activation of innate immune responses and contributes to urothelial hyperplasia by regulating urothelial differentiation in obstructive kidney injury.