Panax ginseng and its ginsenosides: potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects

Yan Wan,Jing Wang,Jin-feng Xu,Fei Tang,Lu Chen,Yu-zhu Tan,Chao-long Rao,Hui Ao,Cheng Peng 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6

Chemotherapy-induced side effects affect the quality of life and efficacy of treatment of cancer patients. Current approaches for treating the side effects of chemotherapy are poorly effective and may causenumerous harmful side effects. Therefore, developing new and effective drugs derived from natural nontoxiccompounds for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects is necessary. Experimentsin vivo and in vitro indicate that Panax ginseng (PG) and its ginsenosides are undoubtedly non-toxic andeffective options for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity,cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and hematopoietic inhibition. The mechanism focus on antioxidation,anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis, as well as the modulation of signaling pathways, suchas nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), P62/keap1/Nrf2, c-jun Nterminalkinase (JNK)/P53/caspase 3, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signalregulatedkinases (ERK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)/JNK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT. Since a systemic review of the effect and mechanism of PG and its ginsenosides onchemotherapy-induced side effects has not yet been published, we provide a comprehensive summarizationwith this aim and shed light on the future research of PG.

The Study of Influencing Factors of Mobile E-commerce Software Use Intention-based on TAM and TRA

Yan Zhao,Ya-Ru Xue,Yan-Fei Jin,Jun-Wei Li,Yi He 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.8

With the wide popularity of mobile devices, e-commerce software in the mobile client forms a larger consumer market, which makes the volume of e-commerce transactions having a wide range of growth. As the consumers have a frequent contact with mobile devices, which makes consumers pay more attention to security and entertainment of the e-commerce software. Past mobile e-business research typically focus on the related factors about transaction process, like interface design, services and user experience, but seldom study the factors about consumers. On the basis of the TAM, this paper not only added perceived security and perceived entertainment, but also the consumers’ personality factors like subjective norm in TRA, into the model. The study shows that PU, PEU, PS and PE all will have direct or indirect effects on use attitude and use intention, and subjective norms and use attitude will directly affect the consumers' use intention. Through the empirical analysis we found that e-commerce operators not only make the consumers experience more of usefulness and ease of use, security, and entertainment in the technology and services, but also improve the popularity with the aid of the mainstream media propaganda and star power to enhance the public's normative beliefs, which will ultimately affect the user behavior of the consumers.

GRAPHENE AS TUNABLE STATIONARY PHASE ADDITIVE FOR ENANTIOSEPARATION

FEI-YUE TU,LIN-YAN YU,JIN-GANG YU,XIAOQING CHEN,QIANG FU,FEI-PENG JIAO,ZHI-GUANG PENG,TING ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.6

Graphene-based biosensor and chiral sensor have made significant progress in recent years. Because of the similarity of the optical enantiomers, enantioseparation is perhaps the most subtle to achieve. Developing more effectively chiral separation techniques based on graphene is highly desirable. Herein, pristine graphene was prepared and then applicated to assist resolution of two racemic drugs of propranolol and ofloxacin using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In comparison with TLC chiral separation by only using pure D-(-)-tartaric acid as a selector with relatively low degree of separation, a mixture of graphene and D-(-)-tartaric acid is more attractive, efficient and ready available. The high specific resolution ability for racemic compounds aided by graphene might allow its potential application in future chiral separation technologies.

Probabilistic multiscale modeling of 3D randomly oriented and aligned wavy CNT nanocomposites and RVE size determination

Zhu, Fei-Yan,Jeong, Sungwoo,Lim, Hyoung Jun,Yun, Gun Jin Elsevier 2018 Composite structures Vol.195 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper presents a probabilistic multiscale approach to model the random spatial distribution of local elastic properties arising from the heterogeneous waviness and orientation of CNT fillers within a 3D microscale continuum representative volume element (RVE) of a CNT-reinforced polymer matrix. The proposed direction-sensitive 3D Karhunen-Loève expansion (KLE) provides the basis to simulate stochastic variations in the CNT orientations rather than assuming a perfect alignment. Computational homogenization analyses are carried out to investigate the effects of the statistical parameters of random CNT waviness on the microscale continuum RVE size. The proposed probabilistic multiscale modelling framework allows to consider the uncertainty associated with the use of CNT nanocomposites for various applications.</P>

Effects of Allogeneic Blood Transfusion in Patients with Stage II Colon Cancer

Meng, Jin,Lu, Xiao-Bo,Tang, Yuan-Xin,Sun, Gong-Ping,Li, Xin,Yan, Yi-Fei,Liang, Gao-Feng,Ma, Si-Ping,Li, Xiao-Xia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

The aim of the present study was to determine whether allogeneic red blood cell transfusions showed a deleterious effect and what might be preoperative risk factors for blood transfusion in patients with TNM stage II colon cancer. Total 470 patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected for a further 10-year follow-up study. We found that there were statistical significance between non-transfused and transfused group in mortality (P=0.018), local recurrence (P=0.000) and distant metastasis (P=0.040). Local recurrence and distant metastasis between 1 to 3 units and more than 3 units group did not show any significant differences. There was no difference in survival rate between non-transfused and 1 to 3 units group (log rank=0.031, P=0.860). The difference between different blood transfusion volume in transfused patients was found (78.77% vs 63.83%, P=0.006). Meanwhile, the significant difference of survival rate was existed between non-transfused group and more than 3 units group (84.83% vs 63.83%, P=0.002 ). Univariate analysis showed the following 3 variables to be associated with an increased risk of allogeneic blood transfusions: preoperative CEA level (P<0.05), location of tumor (P<0.01) and diameter of tumor (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that location of tumor and diameter of tumor are two independent factors for requirement of perioperative transfusions. Therefore, allogeneic transfusion increase the postoperative tumor mortality, local recurrence and distant metastasis in patients with stage II colon cancer. The postoperative tumor mortality, local recurrence and distant metastasis were not associated with the blood transfusion volume. The blood transfusion volume was associated with the survival rate. Location of tumor and diameter of tumor were the independent preoperative risk factors for blood transfusion.

Association Between the c.3751G>A Genetic Variant of MDR1 and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in a Chinese Han Population

Li, Xiao-Fei,He, Hua-Bin,Zhu, Yan-Shuang,He, Jin-Ke,Ye, Wei-Wei,Chen, Yong-Xin,Lou, Lian-Qing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a genetic variant in the multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. This case-control study was conducted in a Chinese population of 645 HCC cases and 658 cancer-free controls. The genotype of the c.3751G>A genetic variant in the MDR1 gene was investigated by created restriction site-polymerase chain reaction (CRS-PCR) and DNA sequencing methods. Our data demonstrated significantly differences detected in the allelic and genotypic frequencies between HCC cases and those of cancer-free controls. Association analyses indicated that there were statistically increased risk of HCC in the homozygote comparison (AA versus (vs.) GG: OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.51-3.27, ${\chi}^2$=16.90, P<0.001), dominant model (AA/GA vs. GG: OR=1.25, 95% CI 1.00-1.55, ${\chi}^2$=3.98, P=0.046), recessive model (AA vs. GA/GG: OR=2.14, 95% CI 1.47-3.09, ${\chi}^2$=16.68, P<0.001) and allele comparison (A vs. G: OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.13-1.57, ${\chi}^2$=11.66, P=0.001). The allele-A and genotype-AA may contribute to HCC susceptibility. These preliminary findings suggest that the c.3751G>A genetic variant in the MDR1 gene is potentially related to HCC susceptibility in a Chinese Han population, and might be used as a molecular marker for evaluating HCC susceptibility.

Study of the Electric Field Screening Effect for Field Emitter Arrays

Nannan Li,Fei Yan,Shucai Pang,Lei Chen,Dazhi Jin,Wei Xiang,De Zhang,Jingyi Dai,Baoqing Zeng 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.8

Understanding the influence of the interaction of emitters on the field emission performance of a field emitter array is of great importance for the design of a multi-emitter device. In this work, a screening factor S is defined to quantify the effect of electric field screening due to the interaction of emitters in an array. A three-dimensional finite integration technique is used to study the electric field screening effect for Spindt-type field emitter arrays which have potential applications in flatscreen displays and high-power vacuum electronics. The dependences of the electric field screening on the tip-to-tip spacing, half-angle of the emitter, height of the emitter and radius of the tip’s curvature are analyzed. The effects of the variations in the size of the emitter’s geometry on the most efficient arrangement to achieve maximum emission efficiency in an array are discussed.

Phenylpropanoids and Lignanoids from Euonymus acanthocarpus

Jia Xian Zhu,Hui Zi Jin,Jie Ren,Jiang Jiang Qin,Xiangrong Cheng,Qi Zeng,Fei Zhang,Shi Kai Yan,Wei Dong Zhang 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.10

A new phenylpropanoid derivative (1), along with five phenylpropanoids (2-6), two monoepoxy lignans (8-9), one bisepoxy lignan (10), two cyclolignans (11-12), six neolignans (7, 13-17), two mixed lignan-neolignans (18-19), two lignan glycosides (20-21), and four flavonolignans (22-25), were isolated from the stems and twigs of Euonymus acanthocarpus. Compounds 2-3, 6-8, 12,and 14-25 were obtained from Celastraceae family for the first time, and compounds 5 and 9 were isolated from Euonymus genus for the first time. All the compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against SK-OV-3 and MCG-803 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3, 10, 12, and 18 showed weak cytotoxicity against SK-OV-3 cell line, and compounds 3-4, 10-13, and 19 showed weak cytotoxicity against MCG-803 cell line.

Protectin DX increases alveolar fluid clearance in rats with lipopolysaccharideinduced acute lung injury

Xiao-Jun Zhuo,Yu Hao,Fei Cao,Song-Fan Yan,Hui Li,Qian Wang,Bi-Huan Cheng,Bin-Yu Ying,Bin-Yu Ying,Sheng-Wei Jin 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a life-threatening critical syndrome resulting largely from the accumulation of and the inability to clear pulmonary edema. Protectin DX, an endogenously produced lipid mediator, is believed to exert anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects. Protectin DX (5 μg/kg) was injected i.v. 8 h after LPS (14 mg/kg) administration, and alveolar fluid clearance was measured in live rats (n = 8). In primary rat ATII epithelial cells, protectin DX (3.605 × 10−3 mg/l) was added to the culture medium with LPS for 6 h. Protectin DX improved alveolar fluid clearance (9.65 ± 1.60 vs. 15.85 ± 1.49, p < 0.0001) and decreased pulmonary edema and lung injury in LPSinduced lung injury in rats. Protectin DX markedly regulated alveolar fluid clearance by upregulating sodium channel and Na, K-ATPase protein expression levels in vivo and in vitro. Protectin DX also increased the activity of Na, K-ATPase and upregulated P-Akt via inhibiting Nedd4–2 in vivo. In addition, protectin DX enhanced the subcellular distribution of sodium channels and Na, K-ATPase, which were specifically localized to the apical and basal membranes of primary rat ATII cells. Furthermore, BOC-2, Rp-cAMP, and LY294002 blocked the increased alveolar fluid clearance in response to protectin DX. Protectin DX stimulates alveolar fluid clearance through a mechanism partly dependent on alveolar epithelial sodium channel and Na, K-ATPase activation via the ALX/PI3K/Nedd4–2 signaling pathway.

Anomalous magnetization jumps in granular Pb superconducting films

Zhang An-Lei,Jiang Wan-Yan,Chen Xing-Hong,Zhang Xiao-Ke,Lu Wen-Lai,Chen Fei,Feng Zhen-Jie,Cao Shi-Xun,Zhang Jin-Cang,Ge Jun-Yi 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.35 No.-

In granular superconductors, the grain boundaries are closely related to the vortex dynamics and the macroscopic superconducting properties. In our research, Pb films with different grain sizes were prepared by tuning the substrate temperature. With the grain size decreasing, Pb films are prone to feature the anomalous magnetization jumps in the M − T curves, while in the M − H curves flux avalanche happens. Both phenomena appear in the same region of the H − T phase diagram and thus are considered to have the same origin. The further theoretical analysis shows that with grain size decreasing the pinning mechanism evolves from a mixed δTc and δl pinning to the δl pinning mechanism. The results shed light on the study of pinning mechanism for granular superconductors and is beneficial to the potential application of manipulating vortex pinning by regulation of intrinsic defects.