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Estimation of Supply and Demand for Cardiologists in Korea
Mira Kim,Kyunghee Chae,Ju Mee Wang,Arum Choi,Jang-Whan Bae,Keon-Woong Moon,Sukil Kim 대한심장학회 2024 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.54 No.1
Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the supply and demand for cardiologists in Korea and provide evidence for healthcare policy to ensure a stable and adequate workforce for optimal cardiovascular disease management. Methods: Past trends of inflow and outflow of cardiologists were used to make crude projections, which were then adjusted based on demands of services to obtain final projections. Inflow of cardiologists was estimated using second-order polynomial regression and demand for cardiology care was estimated using linear regression. Results: There were 1,139 active cardiologists who were under the age of 65 in clinical practice in Korea. The estimated number of cardiologists from 2022 to 2040 showed that the number of cardiologists would peak at 1,344 in 2032 and gradually decrease thereafter. We also estimated an increase of 947,811 cases of heart-related procedures annually from 2023 to 2032. The number of heart-related procedures per cardiologist would increase 1.4 times from 12,964 in 2023 to 17,862 in 2032. The estimated number of emergency patients per cardiologist under 50 years old would almost double from 544 in 2022 to 987 in 2032. Conclusions: We expect significant shortage of cardiologists in Korea within the next 10 years. The number of emergency patients per cardiologist will increase by nearly 50%, leading to high individual workload for cardiologists. To prevent this imbalance between supply and demand, an organized and collective approach by the specialty of cardiology is imperative to produce a balanced workforce.
Perinatal exposure of fenarimol at low doses disturb reproductive performance in mice
Mira Park,Jiyou Han,Ahyoung Kim,Kangseok Lee,Jeehyeon Bae 한국발생생물학회 2010 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.29 No.-
Although fenarimol is a widely used chlorinated fungicide applied to fruits and vegetables and considered as a suspected endocrine disrupter (ED), transgeneration studies of fenarimol at its low doses are not available. Objectives: The aims of this study are to address the effect of perinatal exposure to low doses of fenarimol on reproductive performance and to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms which are associated with. Methods: The body and organ weights and anogenital distance (AGD) of mice offspring (F1) maternally exposed to fenarimol were determined, and their reproductive performances were assessed by mating and ovarian follicular and sperm analyses. In addition, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in F1 ovaries were identified by DNA microarray. Up-regulated genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Fenarimol-exposed F1 mice showed the shortened AGD, increased body weight with altered organ weights, increased number of pub, abundant follicles, and enhanced sperm count and quality. Microarray data showed 82 up-regulated and 742 down-regulated genes on the ovaries of fenarimol-exposed mice, in which Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1 were up-regulated. Conclusions: Low doses of perinatal fenarimol exposure caused reproductive dysfunction in mice and thus can possibly impose risks on reproductive activities of human and wild-life.
배은정,강윤진,김미래,김민성,김석천,신혜원,정효영,권민 水原大學校 2018 論文集 Vol.32 No.-
The purpose of this study was to define DISC Behavioral Types and Eating Attitude(KEAT-26) of Female University Students. Data were collected using a questionnaires targeting Female University Students. Data collection was done between July 9, 2015 and October 17, 2015, and colleted total 297 copies. Data analyzed using t-test , ANOVA Scheffe test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The main results of this study are BMI(p=.001), frequency of meal(p=.031), smoking(p=.023) were a signifieant difference related to Eating Attitude(KEAT-26).