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( Jong Kyung Youm ) 한국피부장벽학회 2013 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.15 No.1
The major functions of skin are to provide a protective shield against insults from the outside and at the same time to form a barrier capable of preserving the body`s internal milieu. The latter function, called the ``permeability barrier``, allows life in a terrestrial environment. Of all of skin`s many functions, this permeability barrier to the loss of body water is the most important task. Skin generates its permeability barrier in the outermost, anucleated layers of epidermis, the stratum corneum. Stratum corneum is explained as analogous to a brick wall in which the corneocytes are the bricks, and the ``bricks`` are embedded in a lipid-enriched ``mortar``. The permeability barrier is localized to this lipid-enriched mortar, called the extracellular matrix of the stratum corneum. The lipids are delivered to the extracellular space by the secretion of lamellar bodies. Three major types of lipids in the extracellular matrix are ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids that are presented in 1:1:1 mole ratio to form lamellar membranes between the corneocytes. Although the formation of a permeability barrier is of major importance, the skin has multiple defensive functions not only against toxins and allergens, but also against free radicals, UV-irradiation, mechanical/frictional insults, and changes in environmental humidity or temperature. Each of these protective functions is interdependent and intertwined with the other. Therefore, understanding how the defensive functions of skin are related to the permeability barrier is also required for the appreciation of skin barrier functions.
Youm, So-Young,Kim, Tae-Wang,Shin, Sang Kyung,Jeong, Heon Sang,Kang, Jong-Koo,Kim, Tae Myoung,Kim, Kil Ho,Ahn, Byeongwoo The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2014 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.54 No.3
Garlic and mugwort have long been used in traditional medicine to prevent various diseases. Several in vitro studies have reported protective efficacies of garlic and mugwort in cases of gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated the cancer preventive effects of garlic and mugwort mixture extract (GME) in a Helicobacter (H.) pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis mouse model. To induce gastric cancer, C57BL/6 mice were treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and H. pylori. Various concentrations of GME (0, 100, 500, and 1,000 ppm) were then fed to the mice for 38 weeks, after which the tumor tissues were examined for histopathology, mucin histochemistry and ${\beta}$-catenin. The incidence of gastric tumors was significantly lower in the highest dose GME-treated mice (46.7%) than control mice (85.7%) (p < 0.05). The multiplicity and size of tumors were also significantly reduced by GME feeding in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Furthermore, GME suppressed the H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation measured by histologic grading of H. pylori density, chronic gastritis, glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in non-tumorous gastric mucosae. Our data suggest that GME suppresses gastric tumorigenesis via suppression of H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation.
DHT 기반 P2P 시스템에서의 범위 검색을 위한 시스템 설계
한종욱 ( Jong-wook Han ),염대영 ( Dea-young Youm ),한동윤 ( Dong-yun Han ),김경석 ( Kyung-suk Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2007 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.2
인터넷의 보급과 PC의 발달로 정보의 분산과 공유가 가속화를 이루었고, 컴퓨팅 구조가 인터넷 기반으로 변화하였다. 이후 지금까지 수많은 시스템들이 클라이언트/서버 모델을 유지하고 있는 한편 대단위 분산 다중서버로 구성되는 환경이 출현하였다. 클라이언트/서버 모델에서 사용자들의 정보 공유의 제약을 해소하기 위해 개인의 피어 사이에 서로 공유하는 P2P(Peer-to-Peer) 패러다임이 출현 되었다. 하지만 기존의 DHT(Distributed Hash Table)를 기반으로 하는 P2P 시스템에선 정보를 검색할 때, 검색어와 검색결과의 모호성이 존재하고, 범위 검색을 지원하지 못하는 문제가 있었다. 우리는 이 문제를 해결할 한 가지 방안을 본 논문에서 제안한다.
각질형성세포에서 LPS로 유도된 염증반응에 대한 마가목, 쐐기풀, 죽여 및 오배자 혼합추출물의 항염 효과
이경은 ( Kyung-eun Lee ),남진주 ( Jin-ju Nam ),김선미 ( Seon-mi Kim ),김한곤 ( Han-kon Kim ),문성준 ( Seong-joon Moon ),염종경 ( Jong-kyung Youm ) 대한화장품학회 2014 대한화장품학회지 Vol.40 No.1
각질형성세포주인 HaCaT세포에서 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)로 유도하는 염증반응에는 tumor neurosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 및 interleukin-8 (IL-8)와 같은 염증 유발 사이토카인(pro-inflammatory cytokines)이 증가되고, 또한 염증반응을 매개하는 inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) 및 prostaglandins E2 (PGE2)도 증가된다. 본 연구에서는 이렇게 유도된 염증 반응에서 효과적으로 염증 관련인자를 조절할 수 있는 천연물을 발굴하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 마가목, 쐐기풀, 죽여 및 오배자 혼합 추출물이 IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-6 및 IL-8의 발현을 억제하고 COX-2, iNOS 및 PGE2의 발현도 억제함을 확인하였다. 아울러 IQ chamber<sup>Ⓡ</sup>을 이용하여 피부에 첩포할 때 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)로 유발한 피부자극에서 이들 혼합물이 효과적으로 그 자극을 억제함을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구 결과로부터 마가목, 쐐기풀, 죽여 및 오배자의 혼합물이 피부자극완화용 화장품 소재로서 민감성 피부 등을 위한 제품에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1α(IL-1α), tumor neurosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin- 8 (IL-8) and also increase the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandins E2 (PGE2). In this study, we developed new natural ingredients for cosmetics that inhibit the pro-inflammatory responses induced by LPS in HaCaT cells. The mixture of Sorbus commixta (SC), Urtica dioica (UD), Phyllostachys nigra (PN), and Rhus semialata gall (RS) extracts blocked the increase of TNF-α IL-1α IL-6, and IL-8. The increase of COX-2, iNOS, and PGE2 were also blocked by it. Finally, the mixture inhibited skin irritation induced by sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), when applied on skin through IQ chamber<sup>Ⓡ</sup>. In conclusion, these results show that the mixture of SC, UD, PN, and RS can be used as a primary ingredient to alleviate skin irritation when cosmeceutical products are developed for sensitive skin.
Kang, Jong-Soon,Lee, Chang-Woo,Lee, Ki-Ho,Han, Mi-Hwa,Lee, Hyun-Ju,Youm, Jong-Kyung,Jeong, Se-Kyoo,Park, Byeong-Deog,Han, Sang-Bae,Han, Gyoon-Hee,Park, Song-Kyu,Kim, Hwan-Mook 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.8
PC-9S (N-Ethanol-2-mirystyl-3-oxo-stearamide) is a synthetic ceramide and has been known to be effective in atopic and psoriatic patients. K112PC-5 (2-Acetyl-N-(1,3-dihydroxyisopropyl)-tetradecanamide) is a novel ceramide derivative of PC-9S. In the present study, we examined the effect of K112PC-5 on macrophage and T lymphocyte function in primary macrophages and splenocytes, respectively, as well as the effect of topical application of K112PC-5 on skin inflammation and atopic dermatitis (AD) in mouse models. K112PC-5 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitrite generation in mouse peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. However, K112PC-5 did not affect concanavalin A-induced proliferation, interleukin (IL)-2 secretion and IL-4 secretion in mouse splenocytes. In addition, K112PC-5 significantly suppressed the increase in phorbol ester-induced ear thickness in BALB/c mice. Further study demonstrated that topical application of K112PC-5 also inhibited AD induced by extracts of dust mites, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, in NC/Nga mice. Taken together, these results showed that K112PC-5 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo and proved to be beneficial in an animal model of AD. Our results suggest that K112PC-5 might be beneficial as a topical agent for the treatment of AD.