천연한약재(목통, 삼릉, 치자) 추출물의 항산화효과 및 항균활성효과

김정균,강영미,엄광식,고영민,김태영 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.4

한약재로 많이 이용되고 있는 목통, 삼릉 및 치자의 항산화활성과 항균활성 정도를 검토하기 위해 한약재를 물, 70% methanol(MeOH) 및 100% MeOH로 추출한 후 각 추출물의 페놀화합물함량, 전자공여능, hydroxy radical 소거효과, reducing power 및 항균활성시험을 하였다. 그 결과 실험에 사용한 3가지 한약재 모두 항산화효과와 항균활성이 뛰어났으며, 특히 목통 70% MeOH 추출물이 그 효과가 가장 컸으며 다음이 100% MeOH, 물추출물 순이었다. Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants extracts from 3 edible or medicinal plant were examined. The extracts from Akebia quinate Decaisne, Scirusfluviatilis A. Gray, Gardenia jasminoides for. grandiflora Makino showed comparatively strong antioxidative activity on test. Electron donatating abilities and hydroxy radical scavenging ablities of 70% methanol, 100% methanol extracts were higher than thoes of water extracts. Some extracts of medicinal plants showed antimicrobial effect, especially, the extracts showed antimicrobial effect in the 70% methanol higher than other extracts.

Statistical Optimization of the Growth Factors for Chaetoceros neogracile Using Fractional Factorial Design and Central Composite Design

Jeong, Sung-Eun,Park, Jae-Kweon,Kim, Jeong-Dong,Chang, In-Jeong,Hong, Seong-Joo,Kang, Sung-Ho,Lee, Choul-Gyun The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.12

Statistical experimental designs; involving (i) a fractional factorial design (FFD) and (ii) a central composite design (CCD) were applied to optimize the culture medium constituents for production of a unique antifreeze protein by the Antartic micro algae Chaetoceros neogracile. The results of the FFD suggested that NaCl, KCl, $MgCl_2$, and ${Na}_{2}{SiO}_{3}$ were significant variables that highly influenced the growth rate and biomass production. The optimum culture medium for the production of an antifreeze protein from C. neogracile was found to be Kalle's artificial seawater, pH of $7.0{\pm}0.5$, consisting of 28.566 g/l of NaCl, 3.887 g/l of $MgCl_2$, 1.787 g/l of $MgSO_4$, 1.308 g/l of $CaSO_4$, 0.832 g/l of ${K_2}{SO_4}$, 0.124 g/l of $CaCO_3$, 0.103 g/l of KBr, 0.0288 g/l of $SrSO_4$, and 0.0282 g/l of ${H_3}{BO_3}$. The antifreeze activity significantly increased after cells were treated with cold shock (at $-5^{\circ}C$) for 14 h. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an antifreeze-like protein of C. neogracile.

Seasonal occurrence and damage of Scirotothrips dorsalis to kiwifruit in plastic-film house in Jeju, Korea

Jeong Hoon Park,Hee Jeong Hyun,Hyo Jeong Kim,Ho Jun Kang,Tae Gyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.04

Estimating Moisture Content of Cucumber Seedling Using Hyperspectral Imagery

( Jeong-gyun Kang ),( Chan-seok Ryu ),( Seong-heon Kim ),( Ye-seong Kang ),( Tapash Kumar Sarkar ),( Dong-hyeon Kang ),( Dong Eok Kim ),( Yang-gyu Ku ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 바이오시스템공학 Vol.41 No.4

This experiment was conducted to detect water stress in terms of the moisture content of cucumber seedlings under water stress condition using a hyperspectral image acquisition system, linear regression analysis, and partial least square regression (PLSR) to achieve a non-destructive measurement procedure. Methods: Changes in the reflectance spectrum of cucumber seedlings under water stress were measured using hyperspectral imaging techniques. A model for estimating moisture content of cucumber seedlings was constructed through a linear regression analysis that used the moisture content of cucumber seedlings and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A model using PLSR that used the moisture content of cucumber seedlings and reflectance spectrum was also created. Results: In the early stages of water stress, cucumber seedlings recovered completely when sub-irrigation was applied. However, the seedlings suffering from initial wilting did not recover when more than 42 h passed without irrigation. The reflectance spectrum of seedlings under water stress decreased gradually, but increased when irrigation was provided, except for the seedlings that had permanently wilted. From the results of the linear regression analysis using the NDVI, the model excluding wilted seedlings with less than 20% (n=97) moisture content showed a precision (R² and R²_a) of 0.573 and 0.568, respectively, and accuracy (RE) of 4.138% and 4.138%, which was higher than that for models including all seedlings (n=100). For PLS regression analysis using the reflectance spectrum, both models were found to have strong precision (R²) with a rating of 0.822, but accuracy (RMSE and RE) was higher in the model excluding wilted seedlings as 5.544% and 13.65% respectively. Conclusions: The estimation model of the moisture content of cucumber seedlings showed better results in the PLSR analysis using reflectance spectrum than the linear regression analysis using NDVI.

Role of Metabolism by Intestinal Bacteria in Arbutin-induced Toxicity In Vitro

Kang, Mi-Jeong,Ha, Hyun-Woo,Kim, Hyung-Gyun,Lee, Dae-Hun,Kong, Min-Jeong,Ahn, Young-Tae,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Shin, Beom-Soo,Kang, Won-Ku,Jeong, Hye-Gwang,Jeong, Tae-Cheon 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.4

A possible role of metabolism by intestinal bacteria in arbutin-induced toxicity was investigated in mammalian cell cultures. Following an incubation of arbutin with intestinal bacteria, either Bifidobacterium longum HY81 or Bifidobacterium adolescentis, for 24 h, its aglycone hydroquinone could be produced and detected in the bacterial culture media. The bacterial growth was not affected up to 10 mM arbutin in the culture medium. When the toxicity of bacteria cultured medium with arbutin was tested in the HepG2 cell lines, the medium with arbutin was more toxic than either parent arbutin only or bacteria cultured medium without arbutin, indicating that metabolic activation might be required in arbutin-induced toxicity. In addition, bacteria cultured medium with arbutin could suppress LPS and ConA mitogenicity in splenocyte cultures prepared from normal mice. The results indicate that the present toxicity testing system might be applied for assessing the possible role of metabolism by intestinal bacteria in certain chemical-induced toxicity in mammalian cell cultures.

Estimating Moisture Content of Cucumber Seedling Using Hyperspectral Imagery

Kang, Jeong-Gyun,Ryu, Chan-Seok,Kim, Seong-Heon,Kang, Ye-Seong,Sarkar, Tapash Kumar,Kang, Dong-Hyeon,Kim, Dong Eok,Ku, Yang-Gyu Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2016 바이오시스템공학 Vol.41 No.3

Purpose: This experiment was conducted to detect water stress in terms of the moisture content of cucumber seedlings under water stress condition using a hyperspectral image acquisition system, linear regression analysis, and partial least square regression (PLSR) to achieve a non-destructive measurement procedure. Methods: Changes in the reflectance spectrum of cucumber seedlings under water stress were measured using hyperspectral imaging techniques. A model for estimating moisture content of cucumber seedlings was constructed through a linear regression analysis that used the moisture content of cucumber seedlings and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A model using PLSR that used the moisture content of cucumber seedlings and reflectance spectrum was also created. Results: In the early stages of water stress, cucumber seedlings recovered completely when sub-irrigation was applied. However, the seedlings suffering from initial wilting did not recover when more than 42 h passed without irrigation. The reflectance spectrum of seedlings under water stress decreased gradually, but increased when irrigation was provided, except for the seedlings that had permanently wilted. From the results of the linear regression analysis using the NDVI, the model excluding wilted seedlings with less than 20% (n=97) moisture content showed a precision ($R^2$ and $R^2_{\alpha}$) of 0.573 and 0.568, respectively, and accuracy (RE) of 4.138% and 4.138%, which was higher than that for models including all seedlings (n=100). For PLS regression analysis using the reflectance spectrum, both models were found to have strong precision ($R^2$) with a rating of 0.822, but accuracy (RMSE and RE) was higher in the model excluding wilted seedlings as 5.544% and 13.65% respectively. Conclusions: The estimation model of the moisture content of cucumber seedlings showed better results in the PLSR analysis using reflectance spectrum than the linear regression analysis using NDVI.

The effect of gut microbiota on drug metabolism

Kang, Mi Jeong,Kim, Hyung Gyun,Kim, Jin Sung,Oh, Do Gyeong,Um, Yeon Ji,Seo, Chae Shin,Han, Ji Won,Cho, Hyun Ji,Kim, Ghee Hwan,Jeong, Tae Cheon,Jeong, Hye Gwang Informa UK, Ltd. 2013 Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology Vol.9 No.10

<P><B><I>Introduction:</I></B> Numerous drugs and toxicants must be metabolized to an active form. Metabolic activation by host tissues, such as the liver, has been well studied. However, drug and toxicant metabolism by the intestinal microbiota is an unexplored, but essential, field of study in pharmacology and toxicology. The taxonomic diversity and sheer numbers of the intestinal microbiota, and their capacity to metabolize xenobiotics, underscore the importance of this mode of metabolism.</P><P><B><I>Areas covered:</I></B> Metabolism by the intestinal microbiota has focused on the natural products of glycosides hydrolyzed by intestinal microbiota enzymes, but not by host tissues. Metabolism of synthetic drugs by the intestinal microbiota has been less-intensively investigated. This review provides an overview of xenobiotic metabolism by the intestinal microbiota of both natural products and synthetic drugs.</P><P><B><I>Expert opinion:</I></B> Metabolism by the intestinal microbiota might result in a different metabolite profile than that produced by host tissues. This could potentially result in either activation or inactivation of the pharmacological and/or toxicological actions of the compound in question. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to drug metabolism remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, studies of xenobiotic metabolism by the intestinal microbiota need to be included in new drug development as well as classical studies of host tissue metabolism.</P>

Role of Metabolism by Intestinal Bacteria in Arbutin-induced Toxicity In Vitro

( Mi Jeong Kang ),( Hyun Woo Ha ),( Hyung Gyun Kim ),( Dae Hun Lee ),( Min Jeong Kong ),( Young Tae Ahn ),( Dong Hyun Kim ),( Beom Soo Shin ),( Won Ku Kang ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2011 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.21 No.-

Role of Metabolism by Human Intestinal Microflora in Geniposideinduced Toxicity in HepG2 Cells

Mi Jeong Kang,Tae Cheon Jeong,Tilak Khanal,Hyung Gyun Kim,Dae Hun Lee,Hee Kyung Yeo,이용섭,Young Tae Ahn,김동현,정혜광 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.4

Possible role of metabolism by the intestinal bacteria in geniposide-induced cytotoxicity was investigated in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Initially, toxic effects of geniposide and its metabolite genipin were compared. Genipin, a deglycosylated form of geniposide, was cytotoxic at the concentrations that geniposide was not. As metabolic activation systems for geniposide, human intestinal bacterial cultures, fecal preparation (fecalase) and intestinal microbial enzyme mix were employed in the present study. When geniposide was incubated with human intestinal bacteria, either Bifidobacterium longum HY8001 or Bacteroides fragilis, for 24 h, the cultured media caused cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Fecalase and intestinal enzyme mix were also effective to metabolically activate geniposide to its cytotoxic metabolite. The present results indicated that genipin, a metabolite of geniposide, might be more toxic than geniposide, and that intestinal bacteria might have a role in biotransformation of geniposide to its toxic metabolite. In addition, among three activation systems tested, intestinal microbial enzyme mix would be convenient to use in detecting toxicants requiring metabolic activation by intestinal bacteria.

스트레인 게이지를 이용한 조각과일 이송장치의 낙하 충격량 분석

강정균 ( Jeong Gyun Kang ),배광수 ( Kwang Soo Bae ),김동억 ( Dong Eok Kim ),진성득 ( Soung Durk Jin ),홍승기 ( Seung Gi Hong ) 한국농업기계학회 2019 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.1

조각과일은 1인 가구의 증가와 바쁜 도시생활에서 편리함을 추구하는 젊은 층의 소비트렌드 변화로 그 수요가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 현재 조각과일의 가공공정에서 선별, 세척 작업은 자동화 되어 있으나 계량 및 포장작업은 수작업에 의존하고 있어 자동화가 필요하다. 조각과일 중 사과의 경우에는 갈변현상이 빠른 시간 내에 일어나기 때문에 이를 늦추기 위해 비타민 C 처리 등으로 코팅처리를 하고 있다. 계량 및 포장작업의 자동화를 위해서는 포장 과정 중에 조각과일이 충격에 의해 외부가 손상되면 코팅효과가 없어지기 때문에 외부손상으로 인해 코팅 면이 깨지지 않도록 하는 것이 중요하다. 조각과일을 자동으로 계량하고 포장하는 자동화장치를 개발하는 데 있어 조각과일을 용기에 공급할 때 조각과일의 코팅 면이 깨지지 않도록 낙하 충격을 최소화하면서 공급하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 조각과일을 용기에 공급시 낙하에 의한 물리적 충격을 최소화하는 기술을 개발하고자 조각과일 이송장치의 낙하 충격량을 분석하여 적합한 낙하높이 및 이송속도를 제시하고자 한다. 실험장소은 이엔푸드 회사의 장비 설계공장에서 실시하였고 실험재료인 사과는 일반 마트에서 구입하였으며 균등하게 18등분으로 조각내어 각 실험마다 사과조각 3개씩을 사용하여 실험하였다. 실험장비는 조각과일 이송장치의 프로토타입을 이용하였다. 본 장치는 컨베이어벨트를 이용하여 조각과일을 이송하고 이송속도를 조절하여 조각과일 투입량을 조절할 수 있으며 조각과일의 이송거리를 조절이 가능하여 설정한 위치에 공급이 가능하다. 실험방법은 조각과일 이송장치의 이송속도 및 낙하높이에 따른 충격량을 분석하고자 이송속도 0.10m/s, 0.18m/s, 0.26m/s으로 나누어 실험하였다. 이송장치의 낙하지점에는 컵실러를 둔 전자저울(AND, HC-6KW, Japan)을 설치하여 조각과일이 컵실러 안으로 낙하할 수 있도록 설치하였으며 낙하거리는 낙하지점에서 컵실러의 바닥까지 14cm, 17cm, 20cm로 실험하였다. 전자저울은 RS232C 통신을 통해 노트북 PC에 연결하여 실시간으로 측정되도록 하였으며 데이터는 초당 10회씩 측정하였다. 또한 조각과일의 낙하를 관찰하고자 카메라(Sony, DSC-RX10 IV, Japan)를 사용하여 슬로우 모션 (960fps)으로 촬영 후 관찰하였다. 실험결과, 조각과일의 평균 무게는 12.7g±1.2g으로 측정되었으며, 전자저울로 측정된 평균 순간 충격량은 낙하높이 14cm에서 이송속도 0.10m/s, 0.18m/s, 0.26m/s 일 때 각각 14.6gf, 14.6gf, 15.0gf, 낙하높이 17cm일 때 16.0gf, 16.7gf, 17.3gf, 낙하높이 20cm일 때 17.3gf, 17.6gf, 18.6gf로 나타났다. 이송속도에 의한 차이는 최대 1.3gf로 나타났으며 높이에 의한 차이는 최대 3.7gf로 나타나 이송속도 변화에 따른 충격량보다 낙하높이에 따른 충격량이 큰 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 슬로우 모션으로 촬영한 영상으로 관찰한 결과 높이가 높을수록 조각과일이 낙하 후 반력에 의해 튀어오르는 높이가 높아 낙하높이 20cm에서는 컵실러 밖으로 나갈 우려가 있어 적합하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 낙하높이 17cm 이내, 이송속도는 0.26m/s에서 작동하는 것이 적합할 것으로 사료된다. 추후 계량장치에서 계량 후 투입시 충격량을 측정 할 것이며 갈변현상 방지 코팅을 한 조각과일로 실험하여 코팅의 손상에 대한 실험을 실시할 예정이다.