급만성 통증에 대한 초소형 경피신경자극기의 진통 효과

황지현,강봉구,최은,이양균 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of micro-TENS (Magicpulse) in patients with acute and chronic pain. We divided the pain of the subjects into two groups, such as acute pain(pain duration less than 3 months) and chronic pain(more than 3 months), and the analgesic effect was measured by VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) difference, VAS improvement ratio and thermographic change between pre-treatment and post-treatment. As a result, VAS difference was 4.59 ±2.75 in acute pain group and 4.00 ±1.96 in chronic pain group(p<0.01, respectively), and the patients with VAS improvement ratio(>50%) were 62.4% in acute pain group, 46.6% in chronic pain group. A significant increase in skin temperature was observed after treatment(p<0.05). We concluded that the micro-TENS has an analgesic effect on both acute and chronic pain, and the better effect is expected in acute pain than chronic pain.

노인 복합주거 단지의 외부공간에 관한 연구

宋秉夏,黃智鉉 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術 Vol.12 No.-

As the proportion of older persons in the Korean population begins to increase, new kinds housing designed specifically for those are becoming familiar and common (generally being called 'silver towns'). One of the reasons explaining this event is that more older persons than in previous years are now living, and also planning, independently, away from and not counting supports from their children. Unlike nursing homes, congregate housing and/or assisted living facilities offer independent living for the elderly. In order to live on their own, opportunities for meeting others and socializing become increasingly important aspects for the elderly, and pleasant outdoor spaces take a major role in supporting active activities such as exercising, gardening, and walking, as well as sitting and viewing. This study examines the necessities that should be considered early in the planning (i,e, programing) and design process of outdoor spaces for the elderly, so as to provide comfort, safety and security, and ease of access to the outdoors. Further, the case study is utilized to compare the guidelines from the literatures with the actual instances in an assisted living facility.

Transcriptome analysis of olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) head kidney infected with moderate and high virulent strains of infectious <i>viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus</i> (VHSV)

Hwang, Jee Youn,Markkandan, Kesavan,Kwon, Mun Gyeong,Seo, Jung Soo,Yoo, Seung-il,Hwang, Seong Don,Son, Maeng-Hyun,Park, Junhyung Elsevier 2018 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.76 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Olive flounder (<I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I>) is one of the most valuable marine aquatic species in South Korea and faces tremendous exposure to the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). Given the growing importance of flounder, it is therefore essential to understand the host defense of <I>P. olivaceus</I> against VHSV infection, but studies on its immune mechanism are hindered by the lack of genomic resources. In this study, the <I>P. olivaceus</I> was infected with disease-causing VHSV isolates, ADC-VHS2012-11 and ADC-VHS2014-5 which showed moderate virulent (20% mortality) and high virulent (65% mortality), in order to investigate the effect of difference in pathogenicity in head kidney during 1, 3, 7 days of post-infection using Illumina sequencing. After removing low-quality sequences, we obtained 144,933,160 high quality reads from thirty-six libraries which were further assembled into 53,384 unigenes with an average length of 563 bp with a range of 200 to 9605 bp. Transcriptome annotation revealed that 30,475 unigenes with a cut-off e-value of 10<SUP>−5</SUP> were functionally annotated. In total, 10,046 unigenes were clustered into 26 functional categories by searching against the eggNOG database, and 22,233 unigenes to 52 GO terms. In addition, 12,985 unigenes were grouped into 387 KEGG pathways. Among the 13,270 differently expressed genes, 6578 and 6692 were differentially expressed only in moderate and high virulent, respectively. Based on our sequence analysis, many candidate genes with fundamental roles in innate immune system including, pattern recognition receptors (TLRs & RLRs), Mx, complement proteins, lectins, and cytokines (chemokines, IFN, IRF, IL, TRF) were differentially expressed. Furthermore, GO enrichment analysis for these genes revealed gene response to defense response to virus, apoptotic process and transcription factor activity. In summary, this study identifies several putative immune pathways and candidate genes deserving further investigation in the context of novel gene discovery, gene expression and regulation studies and lays the foundation for fish immunology especially in <I>P. olivaceus</I> against VHSV.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> First RNA-seq based transcriptome of moderate and high virulent VHSV-infected <I>P. olivaceus</I> head kidney. </LI> <LI> The assembly contig length is more compared to the other olive flounder transcriptome published so far. </LI> <LI> Genes involved in innate immune response were showed significantly differentially upregulated during day 1 of high virulent and day 3 of moderate virulent. </LI> <LI> This <I>de novo</I> transcriptome provides useful information for evaluating the molecular mechanisms underlying host-virus interaction. </LI> </UL> </P>

Olive flounder CD276 (B7-H3) a coinhibitory molecule for T cells: Responses during viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) stimulation

Hwang, Jee Youn,Jeong, Ji-Min,Kwon, Mun-Gyeong,Seo, Jung Soo,Hwang, Seong Don,Son, Maeng-Hyun,Bae, Jin-Sol,Choi, Kwang-Min,Cho, Dong-Hee,Jeswin, Joseph,Park, Chan-Il Elsevier 2018 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.73 No.-

<P>Coinhibitory pathways in the B7-CD28 family provide critical inhibitory signals that regulate immune homeostasis, defense and protect tissue integrity. CD276 (B7-H3) is an important immune checkpoint member of this family, which is induced on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and plays an important role in the inhibition of T cell function. We have characterized the CD276 gene of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. OfCD276 has an ORF of 912 bp that codes for 303 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 33 kDa. It is a type I trans membrane protein with a single extracellular V- and C-like Ig domains, a transmembrane region, and a highly diverse cytoplasmic tail. This gene was distinctly expressed in gill, spleen, and skin, and sparsely expressed in other tissues. Pathogen stimulation by VHSV revealed that transcription of OfCD276 was induced on early hours in liver and expressed late in head kidney, spleen, intestine and gill tissues. Flow cytometry analysis of leukocytes revealed the percentage of granulocytes and lymphocytes that expressed OfCD276 molecules on their cell surface was 85.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Our study shows a significant role played by this coinhibitory molecule that participate in the regulation of the cell mediated immune response.</P>

Skin irritation and inhalation toxicity of biocides evaluated with reconstructed human epidermis and airway models

Jee-hyun, Hwang(황지현),Kyung-Min Lim(임경민) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5

Biocides are widely used in household products. Humans are exposed to biocides through dermal, inhalational, and oral routes. However, information on the dermal and inhalational toxicity of biocides is limited. We evaluated the effects of biocides on the skin and airways using the reconstructed human epidermis model KeraSkin™ and the airway model SoluAirway™. We determined the irritancy of 11 commonly used biocides in the KeraSkin™ and SoluAirway™ by viability and histological examinations. BIT and CC were found to cause skin irritation at the approved concentrations or at the concentration close to approved limit while the others were non-irritants within the approved concentration. These results were confirmed via histology, wherein skin irritants induced erosion, vacuolation, and necrosis of the tissue. In the SoluAirway™, most of the biocides decreased cell viability even within the approved limits, except for PE, IPBC, and deltamethrin, suggesting that the airway may be more vulnerable to biocides than the skin. Taken together, our result indicates that some biocides can induce toxicity in skin and airway. Further studies on the dermal and inhalational toxicity of biocides are warranted.

Ex Vivo Live Full-Thickness Porcine Skin Model as a Versatile In Vitro Testing Method for Skin Barrier Research

( Jee-hyun Hwang ),( Haengdueng Jeong ),( Nahyun Lee ),( Sumin Hur ),( Nakyum Lee ),( Jeong Jun Han ),( Hye Won Jang ),( Wang Keun Choi ),( Ki Taek Nam ),( Kyung-min Lim ) 한국피부장벽학회 2021 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and skin barrier-improving effects of hydroxyacids widely used in cosmetics for keratolytic peels. Glycolic acid (1-10%), salicylic acid (0.2-2%), and lactobionic acid (1.2-12%) were used as representative substances for α-hydroxyacid (AHA), β-hydroxyacid (BHA), and polyhydroxyacid (PHA), respectively. When hydroxyacids were applied at high concentrations on the porcine skin every other day for 6 days, tissue viability was reduced to 50-80%, suggesting that the toxicity of cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated with this model. Based on tissue viability, the treatment scheme was changed to a single exposure for 20 min. The protective effects of a single exposure of hydroxyacids on skin barrier function were evaluated by examining rhodamine permeability and epidermal structural components of barrier function using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Lactobionic acid (PHAs) improved skin barrier function most compared to other AHAs and BHAs. Most importantly, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an important functional marker of skin barrier function, could be measured with this model, which confirmed the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs. Collectively, we demonstrated that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model can be an excellent alternative to animal experiments for skin studies on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients. Funding: This study was funded by the Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (Grant no. HP20C0061).

Determination of Flavonoids and Xanthoxylin in Toothache-tree Containing Toothpaste using Reversed-phase HPLC Coupled with Photodiode Array Detector

Jee-Hyun Hwang,Ha-Jeong Kwon,Yoon-Jong Oh,Ji-Hyun Kim,Yong-Duk Park 대한예방치과학회 2012 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.8 No.4

Objective: To use as an antioxidative ingredients in toothpaste, the chemical properties and stability of five kinds of flavonoids and xanthoxylin in toothache were determined. Methods: Four flavonoids and xanthoxylin were able to separate under 0.01% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile gradient condition at 20℃. Each flavonoids showed good linearity at optimized wavelength, and showed good precision and accuracy in toothpaste. Results: Coumpounds in toothache tree mixed in toothpaste were successfully determined using this analytical method. Qeurcetin and xanthoxylin broke down in aqueous solution, and hyperoside, rutin, and quercitrin were able to preserve over 94%. Mixed in toothpaste, about half of the total amount of starting compounds remained for 45 days, but the preservation rate (%) showed big differences between each flavonoids. Conclusion: Each fraction of toothache tree containing toothpastes were manufactured and analyzed. In toothache tree toothpaste, 44% of compounds were remained after two months.

NV gene variations of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus decrease cellular energy metabolism

Hwang, Jee Youn,Cho, Mi Young,Hwang, Seong Don,Park, Myoung Ae,Cho, Hyun Kook,Kim, So Young,Sung, Mi So,Kim, Dong Uk,Cheong, JaeHun Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2016 Aquaculture Vol.464 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a viral pathogen to cause severe losses in farming industry of olive flounder. Among six-encoding VHSV proteins, NV protein has been shown to have an impact on virulence. Thirteen VHSV strains are isolated from olive flounders showing VHS symptoms and mortality in Korea, and then molecular variation of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the NV genes were compared. Although common mutations were detected at four sites in nucleotide sequences of NV gene, there was no difference in the amino acid sequences among 13 VHSV variants. We identified substitution of one base of 34 positions within the NV ORF of 13 VHSV isolates and these point mutations resulted in changes in amino acid sequences at 6 residues of NV (8, 56, 81, 88, 117, and 119). Based on finding of NV-mediated decrease of intracellular ATP level, protein expression of six NV variants in flounder cells decreased more than control NV protein. The strongest decreasing activity on cellular ATP level was shown by No. 56 (serine→leucine) of NV variation. The variation changes the hydropathy index significantly. The results imply that we can use appearance of some amino acid variations as virulence markers in VHSV-derived mortality.</P> <P><B>Statement of relevance</B></P> <P>1. Recently VHSV has infected >80 kinds of fish species. The number of infection host of VHSV is rapidly increased. Among the VHSV-infected fishes, olive flounder is one of the most important fish of aquaculture in Korea, Japan, and China. In every year, we found the massive VHSV-derived mortality of olive flounder aquaculture in Korea. To overcome this VHSV pathogenesis, we need to identify high-pathogenic VHSV appearance at aquaculture in earlier time.</P> <P>2. Since VHSV gene is highly mutated in time-dependent manner, the efficient vaccine for VHSV-derived disease prevention is not well achieved. Therefore, the other approaches for prevention of epidemics by VHSV should be required. Our research goal is to develop prevention of epidemics propagation of VHSV infection by high pathogenic VHSV prediction with gene variation analysis.</P> <P>3. In this study, we identified several gene variations of VHSV NV protein from 13 VHSV specimens of severe VHS-showing olive flounders in Korea. The gene variations are associated with amino acid changes of VHSV NV proteins. The amino acid variants of NV protein show the inhibitory activity of fish cellular energy (ATP) generation. The cellular energy deprivation might give a big impact on fish health and mortality. The DNA mutation on specific amino acid changes is possibly applied to develop the PCR diagnosis system for early detection of high pathogenic VHSV appearance. The early pathogenic gene diagnosis of VHSV gives more efficient prevention of epidemics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We have identified nucleotide and amino acid variations of VHSV NV gene. </LI> <LI> VHSV NV gene expression in olive flounder cells induces cellular energy deprivation. </LI> <LI> Four different amino acid variants of VHSV NV protein show differential inhibition of cellular ATP generation intensity. </LI> <LI> The most decreased cellular ATP level is shown by No. 56 (S -> L) variant, showing the most dramatic change of the hydropathy index. </LI> </UL> </P>

Temperature-dependent immune response of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV)

Hwang, Jee Youn,Markkandan, Kesavan,Han, Kyudong,Kwon, Mun Gyeong,Seo, Jung Soo,Yoo, Seung-il,Hwang, Seong Don,Ji, Bo Young,Son, Maeng-Hyun,Park, Jun-hyung Springer-Verlag 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.3

<P>Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the most economically important aquaculture fish. However, its production is often affected by various diseases, especially viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) that cause serious economic losses. In this study, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of the P. olivaceus using Illumina RNA-sEq. De novo assembly of control and virus-infected cDNA libraries of head kidney at 13 and 20 A degrees C was accomplished with 2,007,532,438 raw reads, resulting in 244,578 unigenes with an average length of 533 bp and found 65,535 candidate coding unigenes with homology to other species by BLAST analysis. DEG analysis among control and virus-infected head kidney samples of 13 and 20 A degrees C revealed that 1290 up-regulated and 162 down-regulated genes (p ae<currency> 0.01), linked to metabolism, virulence factors, adhesion and immune-response. We constructed an expressed gene catalog for the P. olivaceus to serve as a resource for marine environmental genomic and immuno-genetic/genomic studies focused on uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of P. olivaceus to VHSV under different temperature.</P>

Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Determinant for Surgical Release of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: Correlation with the Histopathologic Findings

Jee Hyun Hwang,임신영,Han Byul Lee,김장희,박명철,곽규성,Jae Deok Han 대한재활의학회 2012 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.36 No.3

Objective (1) To present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fi ndings of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT)of subjects who underwent surgical release and subjects who showed a good prognosis with stretching exercises and (2) to correlate the MRI findings with the histopathologic findings of CMT for subjects who underwent surgical release in order to examine the hypothesis that the MRI fi ndings of CMT can be used as a determinant to perform surgical release of CMT. Method The neck MRI findings of 33 subjects who underwent surgical release for CMT were compared with those of 18 subjects who were successfully managed only with conservative management. Th e MRI fi ndings were correlated with the histopathologic sections of the CMT mass. Results All 33 subjects (100%) who underwent surgical release showed one or more low signal intensities within the involved sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) on the T1- and T2-weighted images of neck MRI. Th e eighteen non-surgical candidates showed only enlargement of the SCM without low signal intensity within the SCM. Th e histopathologic fi ndings showed interstitial fi brosis and/or the presence of aberrant tendon-like excessive dense connective tissue that was either well-arranged or disorganized. Conclusion Th e histopathologic fi ndings and MRI fi ndings showed good correlation in terms of the amount of fi brosis and aberrant dense connective tissue within the SCM. If multiple or large low signal intensities within the SCM are noted, we think that surgical release should be considered.