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Hiroki Tanaka,Shimpei Matsusaki,Youichirou Baba,Yoshiaki Isono,Tomohiro Sase,Hiroshi Okano,Tomonori Saito,Katsumi Mukai,Tetsuya Murata,Hiroki Taoka 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.2
Background/Aims: It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between malignant and benign biliary strictures using imaging studiesalone, and pathological diagnosis is necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of endoscopic transpapillary tissuesampling and factors predictive of diagnostic accuracy. Methods: From April 2008 to December 2014, 136 patients underwent endoscopic transpapillary tissue sampling for malignantbiliary strictures. The cytological and histological findings were reported as negative, suspicious, or positive. Suspicious and positivefindings were defined as pathologically positive. Results: The sensitivity was 65.0% for forceps biopsy, 49.5% for brush cytology, 46.2% for bile aspiration cytology, and 21.9% forendoscopic nasobiliary drainage cytology. The combination of these procedures improved the sensitivity (72.8%). Endoscopictranspapillary tissue sampling was more sensitive for lesions of biliary origin (91.4%) than for extrabiliary lesions (66.3%). In surgicalcases, the sensitivity for tumors with an infiltrative growth pattern (53.3%) was significantly lower than for a tumor with an expandingor intermediate growth pattern (87.5%). Conclusions: Combining procedures can improve diagnostic accuracy. It may be possible to predict the sensitivity of endoscopictranspapillary tissue sampling by evaluating the etiology and tumor growth pattern using preoperative imaging studies.
Sarcopenia affects conservative treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fracture
Hiroki Iida,Yoshihito Sakai,Tsuyoshi Watanabe,Hiroki Matsui,Marie Takemura,Yasumoto Matsui,Yasumoto Matsui,Tetsuro Hida,Kenyu Ito,Sadayuki Ito 대한골다공증학회 2018 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.4 No.3
Objectives: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis affects activities of daily living and quality of elderly people. However, little is known about its impact on elderly locomotor diseases, such as osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF). There is no report investigating the influence of both sarcopenia and osteoporosis on outcomes of OVF. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of OVF in elderly patients from sarcopenic perspectives. Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 396 patients, aged 65 years or more, hospitalized for the treatment of OVF (mean age, 81.9 ± 7.1 years; 111 males, 285 females). The primary outcome was the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for lumbar disease (at first visit, hospital discharge, and 1 year after treatment) and Barthel index (at the same time and before hospitalization). The second outcome was living place after discharge. Susceptibility to sarcopenia and osteoporosis were evaluated and clinical results of conservative treatment were compared. Results: Sarcopenia significantly affected Barthel index at first visit and discharge. Sarcopenia patients had significantly higher rate for discharge to nursing home and living in nursing home after 1 year than patients without sarcopenia. Osteoporosis significantly affected the JOA score at the first visit and the Barthel index before hospitalization, at the first visit, discharge, and after 1 year. Osteoporosis did not affect the living place at discharge and after 1 year. Conclusions: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis affected outcomes of conservative treatment for OVF; moreover, sarcopenia affected the living place of OVF patients at discharge and after 1 year
Development of the Portable Two-Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Type Personal Vehicle
Hiroki Hata,Takashi Takimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Some inverted pendulum type personal mobility devices, including the Segway have already been invented. However, they cannot go over the obstacles such as stairs or curbs on the road. In order to resolve this problem, we have developed a portable personal vehicle. It looks like a skateboard or snowboard. It is light and small enough to carry in comparison with others. It is maneuvered by detecting the vehicle’s angle with the accelerometer and the gyroscope. When an operator applies the body weight onto a front foot plate, the vehicle leans to the front and its angle is detected, then the vehicle goes forward. Although some of the same type of vehicles have already been developed, the different point of our development vehicle is that it has two wheels on one axle. It makes our vehicle possible to spin in place or to turn tightly. Additionally, because it doesn’t have a handlebar, we can drive it without hands.
Effect of thin LiF layers in multi-layered PVCz polymer LEDs
Hiroki Yoshihara,Yousuke Tanaka,Suiko Tanaka,Masahiko Kitagawa,Hiroyuki Kusano,Hiroshi Kobayashi 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.1
We have investigated in detail the dependence of the electroluminescent characteristics on the thin LiF layer inserted under theelectrode layer of multi-layered PVCz polymer light emitting diode (PLED). Clear dependency has been obtained and reduction inthe operating voltage, improvement in luminance and the luminous and current eciencies have been realized with the optimizationof the thickness. The eect of thin LiF layer has been analyzed by using the current voltage dependence at low voltage regions andthe current is supposed to be carried considered LiF layer by tunnel injection between the PVCz layer and the electrode layer
Development of CAD for Zone Dividing of Process Control Networks to Improve Cyber Security
Hiroki Moritani,Shuichi Yogo,Takahito Morita,Midori Kojima,Kento Watanabe,Jing Sun,Ichiro Koshijima,Yoshihiro Hashimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Recently, cyber security becomes a serious problem for not only OA (Office Automation) systems but also PA (Process Automation) and FA (Factory Automation) systems. Even the controllers, which are not connected to Internet directly, have been attacked with malwares, such as Stuxnet and Quantum. When control system fails, it may lead to serious accidents such as explosion or leakage of poisonous and deleterious substances. For process control, cyber-attack is one of the causes to threaten safety. The authors of this paper had proposed zone division of process control networks to ensure cyber security and safety. To apply the method, it is necessary to build CE (Cause Effect) matrices which express the qualitative information of the plant and controllers. It is very troublesome for large-scale plants. CAD (Computer Aided Design) tool for zone dividing is proposed in this paper. CE matrices are generated by using DAE (Differential and Algebraic Equation) registered in equipment modules of plant CAD such as ASPEN or Pro II. The candidates of zone division of process control networks, which can assure the safety against concealment and remote operation by cyber attackers, can be proposed.
Hiroki Ago,Satoshi Ohshima,Kazuhito Tsukuagoshi,Masaharu Tsuji,Motoo Yumura 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.2
Single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by the gas-phase catalytic reaction of colloidal solutions of metalnanoparticles using a vertical ow reactor. The reverse micelle solution of the CoMo nanoparticles with the mean diameter of 11nm dissolved in toluene was injected directly into the reactor maintained at 1200.C. The nanoparticles and the solvent act as thecatalyst and carbon source, respectively. When the concentration of the thiophene additive is low (1 wt.%), the formation of SWNTbundles preferentially occurred. The SWNT bundles were present together with the relatively small metal nanoparticles with thediameter of 0.55.5 nm. It is likely that the original nanoparticles with the diameter of 11 nm break into smaller ones, 12 nm dia-meters, which is suitable for the SWNT growth. The synactic eect of Co and Mo was also observed.. 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.PACS:81.07.De
The role of interactions in open quantum systems and the second law of thermodynamics
Hiroki Majima,Akira Suzuki 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.3
In open quantum systems, it is dicult to know whether the system is in equilibrium or nonequilibrium. In order to investigate the role of interactions between the system and its environment in open quantum systems, we derive a formula which relates the Hamiltonian of the system to entropy. In this formula, these interactions inside the system and the entropy of the system are not connected to each other; only these interactions between the system and its environment are related to the entropy. Thus, this formula enables us to discriminate the types of interactions between the system and its environment; one type of interaction increases the entropy of the system, and the other type of interaction does not change the entropy of the system. We nd that a certain type of interaction between the system and its environment causes a nonequilibrium state of the system. The criteria for the types of interactions between the system and its environment are specically given by studying the entropy.