Esterase Activity and Intracellular Localization in Reconstructed Human Epidermal Cultured Skin Models

( Yoshihiro Tokudome ),( Mishina Katayanagi ),( Fumie Hashimoto ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.3

Background: Reconstructed human epidermal culture skin models have been developed for cosmetic and pharmaceutical research. Objective: This study evaluated the total and carboxyl esterase activities (i.e., Km and Vmax, respectively) and localization in two reconstructed human epidermal culture skin models (LabCyte EPI-MODEL [Japan Tissue Engineering] and EpiDerm [MatTek/Kurabo]). The usefulness of the reconstruction cultured epidermis was also verified by comparison with human and rat epidermis. Methods: Homogenized epidermal samples were fractioned by centrifugation. p-nitrophenyl acetate and 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate were used as substrates of total esterase and carboxyl esterase, respectively. Results: Total and carboxyl esterase activities were present in the reconstructed human epidermal culture skin models and were localized in the cytosol. Moreover, the activities and localization were the same as those in human and rat epidermis. Conclusion: LabCyte EPI-MODEL and EpiDerm are potentially useful for esterase activity prediction in human epidermis. (Ann Dermatol 27(3) 269∼274, 2015)

Reduced Temporal Activation During a Verbal Fluency Task is Associated with Poor Motor Speed in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Tomohiko Kiriyama,Rumi Tanemura,Yoshihiro Nakamura,Chiaki Takemoto,Mariko Hashimoto,Hirohiko Utsumi 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.8

Objective Substantial research has revealed cognitive function impairments in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between MDD cognitive function impairment and brain activity is yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to reveal this relationship using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to extensively measure frontotemporal cortex function. Methods We recruited 18 inpatients with MDD and 22 healthy controls. Regional oxygenated hemoglobin changes (oxy-Hb) were measured during a verbal fluency task and its relationship to cognitive function was assessed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Results Compared to healthy controls, patients with MDD displayed poorer motor speed, attention and speed of information processing, and executive function. In the bilateral prefrontal and temporal surface regions, regional oxy-Hb changes were significantly lower in patients with MDD than in healthy individuals. Moreover, we observed a correlation between reduced activation in the left temporal region and poor motor speed in patients with MDD. Conclusion We suggest that reduced activation in the left temporal region in patients with MDD could be a biomarker of poor motor speed. Additionally, NIRS may be useful as a noninvasive, clinical measurement tool for assessing motor speed in these patients.

Are there Time-period-related Differences in the Prophylactic Effects of Bacille Calmette-Guérin Intravesical Instillation Therapy in Japan?

Okamura, Takehiko,Ando, Ryosuke,Akita, Hidetoshi,Hashimoto, Yoshihiro,Iwase, Yutaka,Naiki, Taku,Kawai, Noriyasu,Tozawa, Keiichi,Kohri, Kenjiro Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objective: The guidelines on indications for prophylactic use of Bacille Calmette-Gu$\acute{e}$rin (BCG) against non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have changed over the years. In order to assess the impact on outcome, the present retrospective comparison of BCG efficacy by time period with Japanese patients was conducted. Patients and Methods: A total of 146 cases of NMIBC treated with BCG since February 1985 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients received 80 mg of BCG (Tokyo 172 strain) six to eight times a week for prophylactic use. Comparison was made among three historical groups (Group A: 1980's, 39 cases; Group B: 1990's, 61 cases; Group C: 2000's, 46 cases). Results: In total, recurrence was seen in 55 of the 146 cases (37.7%), and progression in 14 (9.6%), 1 patient dying of cancer. These overall results were similar to those outlined in previous reports. However, the outcomes of this time-period-based analysis indicated a tendency for a shorter time to recurrence in patients after 2000, although a log-rank test showed no significance (P=0.229). Seven of the cases featuring progression (i.e., half of all such cases) were among the 46 Group C patients (15.2%). Excluding these progressive cases, there was no significant difference among the remaining 132 patients in the three groups. Conclusion: This study results revealed a tendency for a lower non-recurrence rate after 2000 in our series. This could stem from a number of factors, including changes in BCG indication criteria and the evolution of histopathological diagnostic criteria.

Potential Applicability of Local Resection With Prophylactic Left Gastric Artery Basin Dissection for Early-Stage Gastric Cancer in the Upper Third of the Stomach

Akashi Yoshimasa,Ogawa Koichi,Hisakura Katsuji,Enomoto Tsuyoshi,Ohara Yusuke,Owada Yohei,Hashimoto Shinji,Takahashi Kazuhiro,Shimomura Osamu,Doi Manami,Miyazaki Yoshihiro,Furuya Kinji,Moue Shoko,Oda T 대한위암학회 2022 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.22 No.3

Purpose Total or proximal gastrectomy of the upper-third early gastric cancer (u-EGC) often causes severe post-gastrectomy syndrome, suggesting that these procedures are extremely invasive for patients without pathologically positive lymph node (LN) metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical applicability of a stomach function-preserving surgery, local resection (LR), with prophylactic left gastric artery (LGA)-basin dissection (LGA-BD). Materials and Methods The data of patients with u-EGC (pathologically diagnosed as T1) were retrospectively analyzed. Total gastrectomy was performed in 30 patients, proximal gastrectomy in 45, and subtotal gastrectomy in 6; the LN status was evaluated assuming that the patients had already underwent LR + LGA-BD. This procedure was considered feasible in patients without LN metastases or in patients with cancer in the LGA basin. The reproducibility of the results was also evaluated using an external validation dataset. Results Of the 82 eligible patients, 79 (96.3%) were cured after undergoing LR + LGA-BD, 74 (90.2%) were pathologically negative for LN metastases, and 5 (6.1%) had LN metastases, but these findings were only observed in the LGA basin. Similarly, of the 406 eligible tumors in the validation dataset, 396 (97.5%) were potentially curative. Tumors in the lesser curvature, post-endoscopic resection status, and small tumors (<20 mm) were considered to be stronger indicators of LR + LGA-BD as all subpopulation cases met our feasibility criteria. Conclusions More than 95% of the patients with u-EGC might be eligible for LR + LGA-BD. This function-preserving procedure may contribute to the development of u-EGC without pathological LN metastases, especially for tumors located at the lesser curvature Purpose Total or proximal gastrectomy of the upper-third early gastric cancer (u-EGC) often causes severe post-gastrectomy syndrome, suggesting that these procedures are extremely invasive for patients without pathologically positive lymph node (LN) metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical applicability of a stomach function-preserving surgery, local resection (LR), with prophylactic left gastric artery (LGA)-basin dissection (LGA-BD). Materials and Methods The data of patients with u-EGC (pathologically diagnosed as T1) were retrospectively analyzed. Total gastrectomy was performed in 30 patients, proximal gastrectomy in 45, and subtotal gastrectomy in 6; the LN status was evaluated assuming that the patients had already underwent LR + LGA-BD. This procedure was considered feasible in patients without LN metastases or in patients with cancer in the LGA basin. The reproducibility of the results was also evaluated using an external validation dataset. Results Of the 82 eligible patients, 79 (96.3%) were cured after undergoing LR + LGA-BD, 74 (90.2%) were pathologically negative for LN metastases, and 5 (6.1%) had LN metastases, but these findings were only observed in the LGA basin. Similarly, of the 406 eligible tumors in the validation dataset, 396 (97.5%) were potentially curative. Tumors in the lesser curvature, post-endoscopic resection status, and small tumors (<20 mm) were considered to be stronger indicators of LR + LGA-BD as all subpopulation cases met our feasibility criteria. Conclusions More than 95% of the patients with u-EGC might be eligible for LR + LGA-BD. This function-preserving procedure may contribute to the development of u-EGC without pathological LN metastases, especially for tumors located at the lesser curvature

Design and Control of HIDiC

Feng Jaing,Jacy Quan,Takashi Hamaguchi,Yutaka Ota,Yoshihiro Hashimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

Covered self-expandable metallic stents versus plastic stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy in patients with malignant biliary obstruction

Taro Shibuki,Kei Okumura,Masanari Sekine,Ikuhiro Kobori,Aki Miyagaki,Yoshihiro Sasaki,Yuichi Takano,Yusuke Hashimoto 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.6

Background/Aims: Covered self-expandable metallic stents (cSEMS) have become popular for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepati-cogastrostomy with transmural stenting (EUS-HGS). We compared the time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO), complications,and reintervention rates between EUS-HGS using plastic stent (PS) and cSEMS in patients with unresectable malignancies at multi-center institutions in Japan. Methods: Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction who underwent EUS-HGS between April 2015 and July 2020 at anyof the six participating facilities were enrolled. Primary endpoint: TRBO; secondary endpoints: rate of complications other than recur-rent biliary obstruction and technical success rate of reintervention were evaluated. Results: PS and cSEMS were used for EUS-HGS in 109 and 43 patients, respectively. The TRBO was significantly longer in the cSEMSgroup than in the PS group (646 vs. 202 days). Multivariate analysis identified two independent factors associated with a favorableTRBO: combined EUS-guided antegrade stenting with EUS-HGS and the use of cSEMS. No significant difference was observed in therate of complications other than recurrent biliary obstruction between the two groups. The technical success rate of reintervention was85.7% for PS and 100% for cSEMS (p=0.309). Conclusions: cSEMS might be a better option for EUS-HGS in patients with unresectable malignancies, given the longer TRBO.

Development of CAD for Zone Dividing of Process Control Networks to Improve Cyber Security

Hiroki Moritani,Shuichi Yogo,Takahito Morita,Midori Kojima,Kento Watanabe,Jing Sun,Ichiro Koshijima,Yoshihiro Hashimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

Recently, cyber security becomes a serious problem for not only OA (Office Automation) systems but also PA (Process Automation) and FA (Factory Automation) systems. Even the controllers, which are not connected to Internet directly, have been attacked with malwares, such as Stuxnet and Quantum. When control system fails, it may lead to serious accidents such as explosion or leakage of poisonous and deleterious substances. For process control, cyber-attack is one of the causes to threaten safety. The authors of this paper had proposed zone division of process control networks to ensure cyber security and safety. To apply the method, it is necessary to build CE (Cause Effect) matrices which express the qualitative information of the plant and controllers. It is very troublesome for large-scale plants. CAD (Computer Aided Design) tool for zone dividing is proposed in this paper. CE matrices are generated by using DAE (Differential and Algebraic Equation) registered in equipment modules of plant CAD such as ASPEN or Pro II. The candidates of zone division of process control networks, which can assure the safety against concealment and remote operation by cyber attackers, can be proposed.

Nutritional Status Indicators Affecting the Tolerability of Postoperative Chemotherapy After Total Gastrectomy in Patients With Gastric Cancer

Toyota Kazuhiro,Mori Masayuki,Hirahara Satoshi,Yoshioka Shoko,Kubota Haruna,Yano Raita,Kobayashi Hironori,Hashimoto Yasushi,Sakashita Yoshihiro,Yokoyama Yujiro,Murakami Yoshiaki,Miyamoto Katsunari 대한위암학회 2022 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: Nutritional problems after gastrectomy affect continuation of postoperative chemotherapy. There have been no studies limited to total gastrectomy, which is particularly prone to nutritional problems. In this study, we aimed to investigate the factors that predict the continuation of postoperative chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: We included 101 patients who underwent curative total gastrectomy and postoperative chemotherapy at Hiroshima Memorial Hospital. The effects of 37 factors, including perioperative inflammatory, nutritional, and tumor status, on the persistence of postoperative chemotherapy were analyzed. Results: In univariate analysis of preoperative factors, age, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, platelet-to-neutrophil ratio, Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status score, and nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002) score were significantly associated with the duration of postoperative chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis of preoperative factors, age (≥74 years) was an independent factor for a shorter duration of postoperative chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 5.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19–12.96; P<0.01). In univariate analysis of factors before postoperative chemotherapy, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative weight loss rate, postoperative performance status, PNI, albumin-to-bilirubin index, and NRS-2002 score were significantly associated with the duration of postoperative chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis of factors before postoperative therapy, age (≥74 years) (HR, 5.75; 95% CI, 1.90–19.49; P<0.01) and PNI (<39) (HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.26–8.56; P=0.02) were independent factors for a shorter duration of postoperative chemotherapy. Conclusions: Age and PNI are useful predictors of postoperative chemotherapy intolerance after total gastrectomy and may determine the treatment strategy and timing of chemotherapy initiation.