Treatment patterns of knee osteoarthritis patients in Korea

( Ha-rim Park ),( Soo-kyung Cho ),( Seul Gi Im ),( Sun-young Jung ),( Dalho Kim ),( Eun Jin Jang ),( Yoon-kyoung Sung ) 대한내과학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.34 No.5

Background/Aims: To evaluate the treatment patterns of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients in South Korea. Methods: Using the Korean nationwide claims database, all knee OA patients in Korea during 2014 were identified by the knee OA diagnostic code (M17) or any OA diagnostic code (M15 to M19) in combination with a procedure for a knee X-ray. Patterns of medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids (CSs), analgesics, and symptomatic slow acting drugs for OA (SYSADOA) were analyzed. Prevalence and characteristics of knee OA patients who received a CS intra-articular injection (IAI) were also evaluated. Results: We identified 2,016,516 knee OA patients whose age (mean ± standard deviation) was 63.2 ± 10.8 years. The number of patients with at least one use of NSAIDs, analgesics, CS, and SYSADOA were 82.5%, 32.2%, 8.6%, and 43.4%, respectively. The use of herbal SYSADOAs was 29.7%. For regular users (medication possession ratios ≥ 50%), the use of NSAIDs was substantially decreased (48.8%), while the use of SYSADOA (37.3%) and CS (6.7%) were not significantly changed. The number of CS IAI users among knee OA patients was 0.18%; they were slightly older (64.4 ± 10.9 vs. 63.2 ± 10.8, p < 0.01) and more skewed towards females (75.7% vs. 71.5%, p < 0.01) than patients who had not received CS IAI. Conclusions: In Korea, the use of SYSADOA or CS in knee OA patients was relatively high. Further studies on the effectiveness and the safety of these treatment options for knee OA are needed.

Targeted next-generation sequencing of well-differentiated rectal, gastric, and appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors to identify potential targets

Park, Ha Young,Kwon, Mi Jung,Kang, Ho Suk,Kim, Yun Joong,Kim, Nan Young,Kim, Min Jeong,Min, Kyueng-Whan,Choi, Kyung Chan,Nam, Eun Sook,Cho, Seong Jin,Park, Hye-Rim,Min, Soo Kee,Seo, Jinwon,Choe, Ji-Yo Elsevier 2019 Human pathology Vol.87 No.-

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are the most common gastrointestinal (GI) NETs with an uncertain malignant potential despite their small size. There are limited data about driver mutations in rectal NETs, which may explain the tumors' unexpected behavior or common histologic morphology with other GI-NETs. Here, we investigated the clinically and pathologically relevant mutations of rectal and nonrectal NETs and compared the frequency and clinical significance of detected mutations between them. We sequenced 84 primary GI-NETs (69 rectal, 7 gastric, 5 appendiceal, and 3 sigmoid colon NETs) and 3 metastatic GI-NETs using targeted next-generation sequencing. Twenty-one rectal NETs (30.4%) showed at least 1 mutation in 24 cancer-related genes; the most common mutations were <I>TP53</I> (10.1%) and <I>FBXW7</I> (7.2%), of which 73% were pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations. <I>TP53</I> (p.R337C and p.R213*), <I>PTEN</I> (p.W111*, p.Q214*), <I>CDKN2A</I> (p.W110*), <I>FBXW7</I> (p.R465H), and <I>AKT1</I> (p.R23Q) were repetitive mutations found exclusively in rectal NETs, whereas <I>SMAD4</I> (p.R361C) and <I>STK11</I> (p.D176N) were repetitive mutations found only in gastric NETs. <I>PTEN</I> (p.G129K), <I>EGFR</I> (p.E709K), and <I>KIT</I> (p.V555I) were shared mutations between rectal and appendiceal NETs, whereas <I>SMAD4</I> (p.R361C), <I>ALK</I> (p.G1202R), <I>VHL</I> (p.Q132*), and <I>IDH1</I> (p.R132H) were concurrently detected between rectal and gastric NETs. GI-NETs with higher histologic grades, lymphovascular invasion, or recurrence tended to have higher numbers of mutation variants than other tumors; however, there was no significant difference. In conclusion, rectal NETs commonly carried pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations. Because most mutations were identified in nonhotspot positions, next-generation sequencing is useful in identifying potential drug targets in rectal NETs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>TP53</I>, <I>PTEN</I>, and <I>SMAD4</I> are commonly mutated in gastrointestinal NETs. </LI> <LI> Seventy-five percent of mutations in rectal NETs are pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations. </LI> <LI> Eighty-seven percent of genes are mutated in nonhotspot positions. </LI> </UL> </P>

The protective effects of edible insect on Vancomycininduced acute renal injury in rats

Yu-Rim Park,Pu-reum Seok,Hye-Ri Kwon,Jin-Sun Heo,Hyo-Bin Lee,Hye-Joon Park,Ha-Eun Lee,Jae-Ho Shin 한국실험동물학회 2018 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.1

공멸의 상상, 공동(共動)의 미래 : 김숭늉, 이은재, 모래인간의 재난 웹툰을 중심으로

박하림 ( Park Ha Rim ) 영미문학연구회 2018 안과 밖 Vol.0 No.44

This article attempts to assess the imagination of collapse in Korean culture in the 2010s, specifically focusing on disaster webtoons created by three young artists; Kim Sung Nyung, Lee Eun Jae and Moraeingan. Their works aptly reflect the perceptions and sentiments shared by many youths and the socioeconomic polarization of the present day. Although webtoons portray disaster in a sense of everydayness rather than an unexpected spectacle, it presents this collective crisis as a medium which links youths to society. Furthermore, it enables people to encounter concealed discriminations that eventually cause them to seek for the alternative approaches with regard to relationships and collectivity. There is also a crisis of modern subjectivity. The young male protagonists doubt their capacity to overcome obstacles or blaming their situations on their incompetence rather than actively pursuing their existence and solving the collective emergency. These young males no longer meet the standards of dominant masculinity which has played a significant role during the modernization in Korea. In addition, guilt, shame, disgust(self-hatred) are the main Affects found in disaster narratives that highlights both the crisis of the subject and the political depression. In this context, becoming a subject of love is only possible by transgressing the border of disaster, but webtoons simultaneously depicts a failure of love and a political movement. Ultimately, webtoons seek a different future based on sympathy and its subsequent action. Sympathy makes the youths realize our ontological ‘weakness’ through the vulnerability of bodies, while disgust and indifference easily restrain our virtuality. Thus, disaster awakens that we are not only ‘infected bodies’ but also ‘weak bodies’ and we inevitably rely on other existences, which is why we must act together.

Comparison of laxative effects of fermented soybeans (Cheonggukjang) containing toxins and biogenic amines against loperamide-induced constipation mouse model

Kim Ha-Rim,Park In-Sun,Park Su-Bin,Yang Hee-Jong,Jeong Do-Youn,Kim Seon-Young 한국영양학회 2022 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.16 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Cheonggukjang is a traditional fermented soybean paste with significant health-promoting effects. On the other hand, there have been insufficient studies on the safety and efficacy of Cheonggukjang, which is produced using traditional methods containing toxins and biogenic amines (BAs). This study compared the laxative effect of Cheonggukjang, containing high or low levels of toxins and BAs (HTBC or LTBC) in a loperamide (Lop)-induced constipation mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS To induce constipation, Lop (5 mg/kg) was administered orally to ICR mice twice a day for 4 days, and the dose was increased to 8 mg/kg after a 3-day rest period. Cheonggukjang (500 mg/kg, HTBC, or LTBC respectively) was administered for four weeks before the Lop treatment. RESULTS The number of stools, fecal weight, water contents, gastrointestinal transit, and histological alterations were recovered significantly in the HTBC or LTBC groups. HTBC and LTBC administration did not induce significant changes in body weight, dietary intake, and behavior. The opioid-receptor downstream signaling pathway in colon tissues was also evaluated. The c-Kit, stem cell kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinases subfamilies, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and p38, were all downregulated in the HTBC or LTBC-administered mice colon compared to the Lop group. CONCLUSION These results show that Cheonggukjang, containing high levels of toxins and BAs, have a similar laxative effect in a mouse model of Lop-induced constipation.

Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Supported Colloidal Pd Nanoparticle Based Model Catalysts for Suzuki Coupling Reactions: Impact of Organic Capping Agents

Choi, Ha Rim,Woo, Hyunje,Jang, Seongwan,Cheon, Jae Young,Kim, Chungho,Park, Jongnam,Park, Kang Hyun,Joo, Sang Hoon Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley Sons) 2012 ChemCatChem Vol.4 No.10

Studies on mass production and highly solar light photocatalytic properties of gray hydrogenated-TiO₂ sphere photocatalysts

An, Ha-Rim,Hong, Yong Cheol,Kim, Hyeran,Huh, Jin Young,Park, Edmond Changkyun,Park, So Young,Jeong, Yesul,Park, Ji-In,Kim, Jong-Pil,Lee, Young-Chul,Hong, Woong-Ki,Oh, You-Kwan,Kim, Youn Jung,Yang, Min Elsevier 2018 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.358 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, it is <I>first</I> reported that gray hydrogenated TiO<SUB>2</SUB> sphere photocatalysts (H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) with high reactivity to solar light are mass produced within a few minutes using an underwater discharge plasma modified sol-gel method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This plasma modified system is an easy one-step <I>in-situ</I> synthetic process and the crystallinity, hydrogenation, and spherical structure of H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> are achieved by the synergy effect between the continuous reaction of highly energetic atomic and molecular species generated from the underwater plasma and surface tension of water. The resultant H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> demonstrated high anatase/rutile bicrystallinity and extended optical absorption spectrum from the ultraviolet (UV) to visible range. Furthermore, various defects including oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl species on the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface permitted the enhancement of the photocatalytic performance. It was demonstrated that H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysts showed significant degradation efficiencies for reactive black 5 (RB 5), rhodamine B (Rho B), and phenol (Ph) under solar light irradiation, up to approximately 5 times higher than that of commercial anatase TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (C-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>), which resulted in good water purification. Notably, it was also possible to cultivate HepG2 cells using such well-purified water (to degrees up to 76%), with minimal cytotoxicity. Considering all these results, we believe that this novel plasma technology is promising for important environmental applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The spherical structures of H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> can be mass-produced at room temperature. </LI> <LI> The H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> showed high bicrystallinity and extended optical absorption spectrum. </LI> <LI> Moreover, the H-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> exhibits excellent solar-light photocatalytic performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

파국의 기원과 멜랑콜리: 2000년대 한국 문화에 나타난 좀비 서사 연구

박하림 ( Park Ha Rim ) 한국비교문학회 2017 比較文學 Vol.0 No.71

이 연구는 2000년대 한국 문화에 나타난 좀비 서사를 사회적ㆍ문화적 문제틀을 통해 탐구함으로써, 특정 시기를 살아가는 인간의 마음에 내재된 종말 의식과 그 발현 양식이 가지는 의미를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 좀비 아포칼립스는 문명과 인간에 대한 비관적 전망이 파국적 상상력과 강력하게 조응하면서 나타난 양식으로 특히 국가나 사회와 같은 근대적 사태에 대한 자기파멸적 상(像)이다. 한국의 좀비 서사는 문제적 세계에 대한 파괴충동이 외부로 방출되지 못하고 내부적 파국으로 귀결된다는 점에서 멜랑콜리적 성격을 띠는데, 이는 집합적ㆍ역사적 경험들에 의해 중층 결정된 것이라 할 수 있다. 좀비 아포칼립스는 1997년 IMF 위기 이후 신자유주의의 본격화에 뒤따른 구조적 변동과 사회적 불안이 서바이벌 세계로 전치되면서 촉발된 것으로 좀비는 생존 주의적 주체형의 비판적 반영이다. 청년으로 표상되는 서사 속 주체 역능의 위축과 미래의 불가능성은 특히 정치적 모순으로 인한 좌절과 관계되며, 이런 맥락에서 문화는 탈정치성의 지표이자 보편 세계로 접속하고자 하는 집합적 열망으로 작동한다. 그러나 현실 사회주의의 퇴조 이래 유일한 보편이 된 자본주의 체제에서 변혁의 에너지는 좀비라는 파열된 기호의 섬뜩함으로 교환되고, 혁명의 좌절과 시장의 냉소는 열정과 분노의 감정자원을 해소되지 못한 우울로 전환시키면서 연대를 불가능한 것으로 만든다. 좀비 아포칼립스는 오늘날 파국의 기원을 전후 근대화 달성을 위한 역사적 도정에서 축적되고 형성된 모순으로 파악하면서, 강력한 국가 이데올로기에 의한 좀비의 항상적 내재화와 공동체적 위기의식, 생존에의 맹목이 분단이라는 역사적 실재로 인해 국민국가의 토대를 안정적으로 확보할 수 없는 주권적 불안에서 기인하는 것임을 밝혀낸다. 한편 좀비를 체제의 형식에서 탈각시키고 보편적 잠재태로 재호명하기 위한 서사적 소명은 사랑의 지점을 출현시키는데, 사랑은 욕망과 통감, 애도의 연대를 이끌어내는 윤리적 사건이자 좀비성의 역사적 연쇄로부터 영원성의 순간을 구원하고자 시도한다. 요컨대 좀비 서사는 쇠락하는 시대를 감인해 나가고자 하는 근원적 갈망의 서사적 구현이며 그것이 성찰적으로 구성하고 재현하는 파국의 시원(始原)과 멜랑콜리는 한국 근대를 해석하는 알레고리의 하나이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the immanent sense of apocalypse experienced by humanity through the zombie narrative approach specifically in Korean culture during the 2000s. The zombie apocalypse is a born out of coupling pessimistic outlooks of the collective catastrophic imagination of humanity. It reflects the self-destructive image of a modern entity of a state/society. Zombie apocalypse narrative in Korea carries a melancholic nature resulting in internal catastrophe. Here, the relationship between the world and the main agent is bound to the historical time of the nation state. This specific narrative composition can be understood through the following levels of interpretation. With the rise of neoliberalism after the 1997 IMF crisis, the structural change and the communal anxiety, the zombies were transposed to a world of survival as a reaction to the disaster. A zombie is a pessimistic reflection of the agent and of a helpless youth in the survival-oriented Korean society. This zombification captures symptoms indicating the loss of imagination of new constructions. For both the survivor and the zombie, the state is a perpetrator of repression. The zombie is a physical body confined to historical and political conventions. The youth attempts to connect to the world through the dream of a cultural revolution, but the energy of passion is exchanged with the zombie―an uncanny body of catastrophe ―in the capitalist system, which remains as the only universal concept since the decline of socialism. The failure of revolution and the cynical market converts passion and fury into depression, making communal solidarity all the more impossible. The immanent sense of ending in the zombie narrative is effectively revealed through its relationship with the past. Here, the origin of catastrophe is the sovereign anxiety over not being able to acquire the foundation for the nation state due to the division of Korea. This political catastrophe leads to melancholy and materialistic thoughts accumulated amidst the polishing of the nation state and the challenge of successful modernization, thereby removing the distinction between zombie and human. The agent dreams of the restoration of everyday life or sinks deeper into self-destructive depression and eventually meets a tragic death. At the same time, the narrative introduces love as a de-political, universal attempt to free the zombie from social systems, and the zombie becomes a subject of love. The end of the world serves as the paradoxical function of enabling love in the face of adversity. The zombie narrative embraces the age of catastrophe by assigning an endless moment to historical time.

A Study on Vitamin D and Cathelicidin Status in Patients with Rosacea: Serum Level and Tissue Expression

( Bok Won Park ),( Ji Min Ha ),( Eun Byul Cho ),( Jae Kwang Jin ),( Eun Joo Park ),( Hye Rim Park ),( Hee Jung Kang ),( Sung Hoon Ko ),( Kwang Ho Kim ),( Kwang Joong Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 Annals of Dermatology Vol.30 No.2

Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by centrofacial erythema. Excess cathelicidin is suggested to be important to the pathophysiology of the disease. Recently, presence of a vitamin D response element was revealed in the cathelicidin gene promoter. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether vitamin D and cathelicidin are associated with rosacea, both serologically and histopathologically. Methods: Subjects with rosacea and without chronic skin disorders were enrolled in the patient and control groups, respectively. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cathelicidin levels were measured. Tissue expression of cathelicidin and vitamin D receptor were measured with immunostaining-intensity-distribution index. Results: The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of patients with rosacea was 12.18±5.65 ng/ml, which is lower than that of the controls (17.41±6.75 ng/ml). Mean serum cathelicidin levels in patients with rosacea and the controls were 85.0±26.1 ng/ml and 55.0±23.3 ng/ml, respectively. Cathelicidin expression in rosacea tissue was significantly higher than that in control tissue (5.21 vs. 4.03). No significant difference was observed in vitamin D receptor expression. Conclusion: Higher cathelicidin expression in rosacea supports the hypothesis that an abnormal inflammatory response of the innate immune system is important in pathogenesis of rosacea, but the role of high cathelicidin serum levels is complicated. Serum vitamin D was lower in patients with rosacea, although serum cathelicidin was higher than that of the controls. This suggests that the role of vitamin D level in the pathogenesis of rosacea merits further investigation. (Ann Dermatol 30(2) 136∼142, 2018)

사진을 통해 재구성한 공간의 개념과 입체화 과정 연구 -본인 작품을 중심으로-

박하림(주저자) ( Ha Rim Park ),신지윤(공동저자) ( Ji Yoon Shin ),정승영(공동저자) ( Seung Young Jung ) 숙명여자대학교 산업디자인연구소 2014 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.19 No.-

본 연구는 시각, 제품, 공간, 의상 등의 다양한 디자인 분야를 아우를 수 있는 총체적 시각과 방법의 모색이 중요하다. 본 논문에서 다루고자 하는 공간 디자인은 회화적 기법과 사진, 영상, 컴퓨터그래픽의 다양한 표현 기법을 응용하여 새로운 패러다임의 디자인 프로세스를 제안한다. 공간의 재구성을 통한 표현기법 프로젝트를 진행하기 위하여 첫 번째로 이동 하는 공간의 동선에 따라 사진을 찍고 이를 동선의 변화와 그에 따른 감정의 기복 상태를 표현하는 꼴라 쥬 작업을 통해 조형적으로 제시한다. 완성된 꼴라주는 일러스트로 다양하게 변환시키고 이를 도면으로 옮기고 모형으로 제작한다. 마지막으로 영상 작업으로 그동안의 표현기법의 과정과 컨셉을 정리한다. 공간을 디자인하는데 있어서, 작가의 주관을 반영하여 스토리를 부여함으로써 공간의 조형요소를 재구성하여 새로운 공간디자인 방법론을 제시한다. It is important to explore the holistic view that takes into account the visual, product, space, and design aspects in the field. This paper discusses techniques that can change the character of the design of a space, with methods that include representation through pictorial photos, videos, computer graphics applications, in order to express a new paradigm of the design process. Space reconstruction can be projected through representation techniques. First, to go to a space and to take pictures of it that are transmitted along a copper wire, and the corresponding changes in the circultion, then the state of feeling and the relief are presented through sculptural collages of the work. The illustration of the finished collage is converted into a variety of moving models that are made into a drawing. To design the space, formative elements of design methodology are presented to reflect the story of the artist`s subjectivity by reconstruction the space.