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Thermal strain imaging of chalcogenide in a phase change memory
Keiji Takata,Hiroya Maekawa,Hiroki Endo 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
Thermal strain imaging using a scanning probe microscope enables us to observe thermal distribution with high resolution. A phase change memory (PCM) based on chalcogenide glasses switches their two stable states having low and relatively high resistances by Joule heating. Images obtained by thermal strain imaging revealed that Joule heating was mainly generated in particular regions and some boundaries. The large fluctuation of increases in temperature in the active area should greatly affect phase change in PCM.
日本の地方分権改革は成功したのか? - 事務配分改革の成果と今後の課題 -
keiji shimada 한국지방자치법학회 2010 지방자치법연구(地方自治法硏究) Vol.10 No.4
自治体が自己決定、自己責任できる体制、すなわち、国が企画立案し、自治体が実施する状況から脱し、自治体が自分で判断し決定する制度とするために、事務配分改革の課題を列挙しておきたい。 ①機関委任事務制度の廃止に伴う事務配分が重要である。自治事務にできるだけ多く振り分けておくことが重要である。②機関委任事務制度廃止の際、事務配分後の国の関与をできるだけ縮小することである。③事務配分の観点からは、もともと機関委任事務でなかった自治体の事務(いわゆる団体事務など)について、特に関与を見直しておくことが必要である。④ 自治体側の自由度を広げるために、条例制定権を拡大することである。⑤ 国と地方の関係に関する恒常的第三者機関の設置である。⑥自治体が国の関与等について裁判に訴えることができる制度づくりが必要である。⑦最後に自治体自身の課題である。必要に応じて、できる限り、条例制定運動を進めることである。
Keiji Wada,Koichi Kanaya,Yasuaki Murata,Yoshiharu Kato 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.2
Pycnodysostosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by osteosclerosis, small stature, acro-osteolysis of the distal phalanges, loss of the mandibular angle, separated cranial sutures with open fontanels, and frequent fractures. One identified cause of the disease is reduced activity of the cysteine protease cathepsin K. A 48-year-old woman with a history of frequent fractures presented with a severe gait disturbance. Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene analysis were performed. Physical examination revealed open fontanels, and radiographs showed increased bone density. DNA sequence analysis revealed a deletion mutation of the cathepsin K gene. We diagnosed pycnodysostosis based on these findings. The magnetic resonance and computed tomography images demonstrated multilevel spinal canal stenosis due to ossification of the yellow ligament. We performed a laminectomy, and the patient’s neurological signs and symptoms improved. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pycnodysostosis with ossification of the yellow ligament.
Keiji Hirai,Saori Minato,Shohei Kaneko,Katsunori Yanai,Hiroki Ishii,Taisuke Kitano,Mitsutoshi Shindo,Haruhisa Miyazawa,Kiyonori Ito,Yuichirou Ueda,Yoshio Kaku,Taro Hoshino,Tatsuro Watano,Shinji Fujino 대한신장학회 2019 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.38 No.3
Background: We investigated the relationship between serum total carbon dioxide (CO2) and bicarbonate ion (HCO3 -) concentrations in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and devised a formula for predicting low bicarbonate (HCO3 - < 24 mmol/L) and high bicarbonate (HCO3 - ≥ 24 mmol/L) using clinical parameters. Methods: In total, 305 samples of venous blood collected from 207 pre-dialysis patients assessed by CKD stage (G1 + G2, 46; G3, 50; G4, 51; G5, 60) were investigated. The relationship between serum total CO2 and HCO3 - concentrations was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. An approximation formula was developed using clinical parameters correlated independently with HCO3 - concentration. Diagnostic accuracy of serum total CO2 and the approximation formula was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and a 2 × 2 table. Results: Serum total CO2 correlated strongly with HCO3 - concentration (r = 0.91; P < 0.001). The following approximation formula was obtained by a multiple linear regression analysis: HCO3 - (mmol/L) = total CO2 - 0.5 × albumin - 0.1 × chloride - 0.01 × (estimated glomerular filtration rate + blood glucose) + 15. The areas under the curves of serum total CO2 and the approximation formula for detection of low bicarbonate and high bicarbonate were 0.981, 0.996, 0.993, and 1.000, respectively. This formula had superior diagnostic accuracy compared with that of serum total CO2 (86.6% vs. 81.3%). Conclusion: Serum total CO2 correlated strongly with HCO3 - concentration in pre-dialysis CKD patients. An approximation formula including serum total CO2 showed superior diagnostic accuracy for low and high bicarbonate compared with serum total CO2.
Strain imaging of a Cu_2S switching device
Keiji Takata,Ryota Tamura,Toshihiro Kasama,Masataka Fukuyama,Shin Yokoyama,Hiroshi Kajiyama 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.6
Strain imaging of electrochemical behavior of a solid electrolyte Cu_2S in switching devices for nonvolatile memories is presented. The precipitation and dissolution of Cu, and the nonstoichiometry changes cause changes in volume. Strain imaging we have proposed detects the volume changes through the surface displacements using scanning probe microscopy and provides high resolution images. We observed the distributions of the electrochemical reactions in Cu_2S and located the Cu bridges causing switching.
Characteristics of T. S. Eliot’s Christian Faith
Keiji Notani 한국T.S.엘리엇학회 2011 T.S. 엘리엇 연구 Vol.21 No.2
The baptism and confirmation in June 1927 is surely the most important event in Eliot’s life. To think first and most of the “supernatural order” became the prime principle of his new life and thought. It is an indispensable task, therefore, for Eliot scholars to assess why he decided to join the Church of England’s Anglo-Catholic wing, and what sort of effect his belief exerted upon his literary works. In this paper I intend to do two things: firstly, to present a thesis how Eliot came to espouse Anglo-Catholicism; I will look into the influence of the Oxford Movement, the solidification of his faith manifested in his vehement attack on the scheme for the Church Union in South India, and his freeing himself from the prejudices against Roman Catholicism that he encountered at first hand in St. Louis, Boston, and London. Catholicism was fixed with the image of unintellectual Irish immigrants, and totally alien to the English Protestant identity. He chose the Established, and national, Church of England because he believed it was “the Catholic Church in England”, and in his adopted country, Roman Catholic Church was only “a sect”. Secondly, I consider the “limits” of Eliot’s Christian faith. So far, the problem of his faith has not been fully addressed. It looms large, however, in a postcolonial context. The claim I should like to make is that the world of Eliot’s Christianity is closed to the ‘other’ worlds. This I discuss looking into the world of The Cocktail Party. Set in a post-Vatican II context, Eliot’s Anglo-Catholicism looks very restricted.