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Characterization of proteases isolated from Kudoa septempunctata
Shin, Sang Phil,Zenke, Kosuke,Yokoyama, Hiroshi The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2015 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.55 No.3
Proteases play important roles in parasite development and host parasite interactions. The protease of Kudoa spp. has been recognized as a key factor of severe proteolysis of fish muscle post-mortem; however, there is little information available regarding the protease of Kudoa (K.) septempunctata, which was recently identified as a cause of food poisoning in humans. The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize proteases to elucidate the type of protease contained in the parasite and determine the optimal pH for protease activity. We confirmed the cysteine protease and metalloprotease produced by K. septempunctata. While the cysteine protease showed optimal activity at pH 5 that decreased rapidly with increasing pH, the optimal activity of metalloprotease was pH 7, and it remained stable from pH 6 to pH 8. These results indicate that the pH of cysteine protease is not proper for fish muscle postmortem, and that metalloprotease can act in human intestines. Overall, the present study provides important information that improves our understanding of the role of protease physiology and the subsequent food poisoning caused by K. septempunctata.
Excimer emission based on the control of molecular structure and intermolecular interactions
Lee, Jaehyun,Jung, Hyocheol,Shin, Hwangyu,Kim, Joonghan,Yokoyama, Daisuke,Nishimura, Hidetaka,Wakamiya, Atsushi,Park, Jongwook Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.4 No.14
<▼1><P>The wavelength of excimer formation and efficiency of an OLED device were controlled through the change of the center position of the triple-core chromophore.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Three triple-core chromophore derivatives based on anthracene and pyrene or chrysene moieties, 1,6-bis-(10-[1,1′;3′,1′′]terphenyl-5′-yl-anthracen-9-yl)-pyrene (1,6 DAP-TP), 6,12-bis-(10-[1,1′;3′,1′′]terphenyl-5′-yl-anthracen-9-yl)-chrysene (DAC-TP), and 2,7-bis-(10-[1,1′;3′,1′′]terphenyl-5′-yl-anthracen-9-yl)-pyrene (2,7 DAP-TP), were designed and synthesized. For 1,6 DAP-TP, anthracene was attached to the 1,6 positions of pyrene. In the case of DAC-TP, two anthracenes were connected to chrysene, located at the center position within the core, whereas in 2,7 DAP-TP anthracene was connected to the 2,7 positions of pyrene. All three materials had highly twisted core structures and bulky <I>m</I>-terphenyl side groups introduced into the core. Excimer emission was observed in the solid film state and can be interpreted as the result of anisotropic intermolecular alignment (orientation effect). The wavelength of excimer formation was controlled through the change of the center position of the triple-core chromophore, and the color coordinate of white light and efficiency could be controlled when the materials were used in an electroluminescence (EL) device. Excimer EL emissions of 1,6 DAP-TP, DAC-TP, and 2,7 DAP-TP were at 591 nm, 556 nm, and 538 nm, respectively, and CIE coordinate values of the devices were (0.37, 0.31), (0.30, 0.37), and (0.32, 0.44), respectively, showing single molecular white emission. 2,7 DAP-TP showed a white OLED efficiency of 6.01 cd A<SUP>−1</SUP> at 10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>.</P></▼2>
Hayakawa Teruaki,Kouketsu Takayuki,Kakimoto Masa-alki,Yokoyama Hideaki,Horiuchi Shin The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.1
A novel fabrication of the patterned surfaces in the polymer films was demonstrated by using the self-organizing character of the block copolymers of polystyrene-b-oligothiophenes and polystyrene-b-aromatic amide dendron. Hexagonally arranged open pores with a micrometer-size were spontaneously formed by casting the polymer solutions under a moist air flow. The amphiphilic character of the block copolymers played the crucial role as a surfactant to stabilize the inverse emulsion of water in the organic solvent, and subsequently the aggregated structure of the hydrophilic oligothiophene or aromatic amide dendron segments remained on the interiors of the micropores. The chemical composition on the top of the surface of the microporous films was characterized by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) or a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (ToF-SIMS). The characterizations clearly indicated that the patterned surfaces in the self-organized block copolymer films with the hexagonally ordered microporous structures were fabricated in a single step.
Nayek, Prasenjit,Mukherjee, Amrita,Jeong, Heon,Kang, Shin-Woong,Lee, Seung Hee,Yokoyama, Hiroshi American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.6
<P>We have studied the phase behavior of blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC)-unfunctionalized nanoparticle (NP) blends. Two different types of NPs which have different anchoring properties have been studied. Interestingly, Silica NP doped BPLC blends have revealed a small but clear positive shift of the Isotropic-BP phase transition temperature for lower concentration of NPs whereas with higher percentage of NPs we have observed a mixed phase consisted with chiral nematic (N*) and BP. On the other hand, low concentration polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) NPs which have stronger anchoring force than Silica NPs have enabled BP to stabilize thermally. Our experimental results agrees with the recent theory predicted that NP-defect interaction strongly depends on the interfacial energy between NP and LC which may be responsible for the observed effects in unfunctionalized NP-BPLC composite system.</P>
Motokawa, Shogo,Narasaki, Yukie,Song, Jun-Young,Yokoyama, Yoshihiro,Hirose, Euichi,Murakami, Shoko,Jung, Sung-Ju,Oh, Myung-Joo,Nakayama, Kei,Kitamura, Shin-Ichi Elsevier 2018 Parasitology international Vol.67 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The ciliate <I>Miamiensis avidus</I> causes scuticociliatosis in Japanese flounder <I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I>. We previously reported three serotypes of this ciliate distinguishable by serotype-specific antigenic polypeptides (serotype I, 30kDa; serotype II, 38kDa; serotype III, 34kDa). In this study, we determined the localization site of the serotype-specific polypeptides in the ciliate and determined the genes encoding the polypeptides, using the isolates IyoI (serotype I), Nakajima (serotype II), and Mie0301 (serotype III). SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis of cilia, membrane proteins, and cytoskeletal elements of the ciliates revealed that the polypeptides were abundant in the former two. Scanning electron microscopy of ciliates immobilized by homologous antiserum showed morphological changes in the cilia. These evidences suggested that the polypeptides were ciliary membrane immobilization antigens. The ciliary genes identified showed low identity scores—<51.5% between serotypes. To differentiate the serotypes, we designed serotype-specific PCR primer sets based on the DNA sequences. The PCR-based serotyping results were completely consistent with conventional serotyping methods (immobilization assay and immunoblot analysis). Twenty of 21 isolates were classified as either serotype I or II, and one isolate was undistinguishable. The combination of species-specific PCR previously reported and three serotype-specific PCR could be useful for identifying, serotyping, and surveillance for occurrences of new serotypes of <I>M. avidus</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three serotypes of <I>M. avidus</I> were reported in Japan and Korea. </LI> <LI> Serotype-specific polypeptides were identified as ciliary membrane proteins. </LI> <LI> The nucleotide sequences of ORFs were determined. </LI> <LI> Serotype-specific PCR revealed that the pandemic serotypes were serotype I and II. </LI> </UL> </P>
박정수(Jung-Soo Park),신형섭(Hyung-Seop Shin),Y. Yokoyama,A. Inoue 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10
In this study, using a devised friction welding apparatus which incorporates a pneumatic actuator and gripper to give a precise control of the friction time and pressure, the friction welding of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMG) to crystalline metals has been tried. The shape and volume of the protrusion formed at the weld interface were investigated. As crystalline metals, Ti-alloys, Al-alloys and a Zr-metal were adopted. In order to characterize the friction welded interface, micrographic observation and X-ray diffraction analysis on the weld cross-section were carried out. A successful joining of the Zr-based bulk metallic glasses(BMG) to crystalline metals could be obtained certain pairs of materials combination used and through the precise control of friction conditions. The residual strength after welding bulk metallic glasses(BMG) to crystalline was evaluated by the four-point bending test and compared with the cases of friction welding to similar materials.
Strain imaging of a Cu_2S switching device
Keiji Takata,Ryota Tamura,Toshihiro Kasama,Masataka Fukuyama,Shin Yokoyama,Hiroshi Kajiyama 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.6
Strain imaging of electrochemical behavior of a solid electrolyte Cu_2S in switching devices for nonvolatile memories is presented. The precipitation and dissolution of Cu, and the nonstoichiometry changes cause changes in volume. Strain imaging we have proposed detects the volume changes through the surface displacements using scanning probe microscopy and provides high resolution images. We observed the distributions of the electrochemical reactions in Cu_2S and located the Cu bridges causing switching.