Effects of dietary supplementation with different fermented feeds on performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum biochemical indexes of fattening lambs

Zhang Chen,Zhang Chongyu,Du Meiyu,Wang Yunpeng,Zhang Guiguo,이윤경 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: The effects of adding fermented feed to a pelleted total mixed ration (PTMR) on the growth performance of lambs remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the feed efficiency and productivity of lambs that were fed PTMR containing fermented soybean meal (FSM) or wheat bran (FWB). Methods: Sixty 90-d-old hybrid lambs were randomly allocated into 12 pens (5 lambs/pen) that were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments (3 pens/treatment) with PTMR (basal diet), 2% FSM, or Lactobacillus- or yeast-FWB (L-FWB or Y-FWB) addition in the basal diet. Results: The findings showed that lambs fed 2% FSM supplemented diet had enhanced (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and carcass yield (p = 0.015), while they had a decreased (p = 0.006) feed conversion ratio compared to that of other three groups. Inclusion of FSM or FWB in PTMR improved (p<0.05) the nutrient digestibility, while it reduced the urea nitrogen content in serum compared to the PTMR group. Additionally, the decreased ratio of N excretion to ADG (p<0.01) was observed with FSM and L-FWB supplementation compared with the PTMR and Y-FWB groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, feeding the fermented feed-supplemented diet improved nutrient digestibility and growth performance, and 2% FSM-supplemented diet exhibited superior production-promoting efficiency to lambs. Objective: The effects of adding fermented feed to a pelleted total mixed ration (PTMR) on the growth performance of lambs remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the feed efficiency and productivity of lambs that were fed PTMR containing fermented soybean meal (FSM) or wheat bran (FWB).Methods: Sixty 90-d-old hybrid lambs were randomly allocated into 12 pens (5 lambs/pen) that were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments (3 pens/treatment) with PTMR (basal diet), 2% FSM, or <i>Lactobacillus</i>- or yeast-FWB (L-FWB or Y-FWB) addition in the basal diet.Results: The findings showed that lambs fed 2% FSM supplemented diet had enhanced (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and carcass yield (p = 0.015), while they had a decreased (p = 0.006) feed conversion ratio compared to that of other three groups. Inclusion of FSM or FWB in PTMR improved (p<0.05) the nutrient digestibility, while it reduced the urea nitrogen content in serum compared to the PTMR group. Additionally, the decreased ratio of N excretion to ADG (p<0.01) was observed with FSM and L-FWB supplementation compared with the PTMR and Y-FWB groups.Conclusion: In conclusion, feeding the fermented feed-supplemented diet improved nutrient digestibility and growth performance, and 2% FSM-supplemented diet exhibited superior production-promoting efficiency to lambs.

A Fluorinated Polythiophene Derivative with Stabilized Backbone Conformation for Highly Efficient Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells

Zhang, Shaoqing,Qin, Yunpeng,Uddin, Mohammad Afsar,Jang, Bomee,Zhao, Wenchao,Liu, Delong,Woo, Han Young,Hou, Jianhui American Chemical Society 2016 Macromolecules Vol.49 No.8

<P>Here, taking a polythiophene derivative (PBDD4T) as a starting polymer, we tried to increase the rotation barrier and hence stabilize its backbone conformation by introducing fluorine into the beta and beta'-position of the alpha-linked bithiophene segments and then synthesized a new polymer named as PBDD4T-2F. Our results demonstrate that the rotation barrier between the a-linked bithiophene significantly increases after the fluorination, so PBDD4T-2F has a more stable backbone conformation than PBDD4T. Compared to PBDD4T, PBDD4T-2F shows stronger aggregation effect in solution state and more compact pi-pi stacking in solid thin film and also possesses deeper HOMO level. These properties make PBDD4T-2F being an ideal donor material in PSCs. When blended with PC71BM, a fullerene acceptor, the PBDD4T-2F-based device showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.04%, which is 38% higher than that of the PBDD4T-based device; when blended with ITIC, a non-fullerene acceptor, the PBDD4T-2F-based device showed a PCE of 8.69%, which is almost 20 times higher than that of the PBDD4T-based device. What is more, the tandem cell, in which the blend of PBDD4T-2F:PC61BM was used for making the front subcell, exhibited a high PCE of 10.12%. The photovoltaic results indicate that the fluorination is an effective method to enhance interchain pi-pi interaction for the polythiophene and hence to tune its photovoltaic properties in PSCs, especially for the fullerene-free device based on ITIC.</P>

Hepatic Resection Provides Survival Benefit for Selected Intermediate-Stage (BCLC-B) Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Zhang Zhaohui,Shen Shunli,Chen Bin,Li Shaoqiang,Hua Yunpeng,Kuang Ming,Liang Lijian,Peng Bao Gang 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.1

Purpose The intermediate stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] B) comprises a highly heterogeneous population, and the treatment strategy is still controversial. Because of the heterogeneity, a subclassification of intermediate-stage HCCs was put forward by Bolondi according to the ‘beyond Milan and within up-to-7’ criteria and Child-Pugh score. In this study, we aim to analyze the prognosis of BCLC-B stage HCC patients who received hepatic resection according to the Bolondi’s subclassification. Materials and Methods One thousand and one hundred three patients diagnosed with HCC and treated with hepatic resection were enrolled in our hospital between 2006 and 2012. According to Bolondi’s subclassification, the BCLC-B patients were divided into four groups. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results According to Bolondi’s subclassification, the BCLC-B patients were divided into four groups: B1 (n=41, 18.7%), B2 (n=160, 73.1%), B3 (n=11, 5.0%), and B4 (n=7, 3.2%). Significant difference was observed between B1 and other groups (B1 vs. B2, p=0.022; B1 vs. B3, p < 0.001; B1 vs. B4, p < 0.001), but no difference for B2 vs. B4 (p=0.542) and B3 vs. B4 (p=0.542). In addition, no significant differences were observed between BCLC-A and BCLCB1 group for both RFS (p=0.087) and OS (p=0.643). In multivariate analysis, BCLC-B subclassification was not a risk factor for both OS (p=0.263) and RFS (p=0.892). Conclusion In our study, HCC patients at B1 stage were benefited from hepatic resection and had similar survival to BCLC-A stage patients. Our study provided rationality of hepatic resection for selected BCLC-B stage HCC patients instead of routine transarterial chemoembolization.

Residual current fault type recognition based on S3VM and KNN cooperative training

Zhang, Xiangke,Wang, Yajing,Dou, Zhenhai,Wang, Wei,Bai, Yunpeng The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.11

It is difficult to detect the residual current of specific fault types in low-voltage distribution networks, which results in few labeled residual current samples. Thus, it is difficult to recognize the fault types of residual current. To solve this problem, a cooperative training classification model based on an improved squirrel search algorithm (ISSA) for a semi-supervised support vector machine (S3VM) and the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) is proposed (ISSA-S3VM-KNN). First, the residual current is decomposed into k intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by variational mode decomposition (VMD), and the characteristic parameters of the IMFs are extracted to obtain a characteristic dataset for establishing a classification model. Second, to solve the problem where it is difficult to the select parameters (such as the penalty factors, slack variables and kernel function) of a S3VM, an ISSA parameter optimization method is proposed to self-adaptively select the optimal combination of parameters for the S3VM. Finally, the KNN is used to verify the classification results of an ISSA-S3VM through cooperative training, which further improves the classification accuracy of the S3VM for unlabeled residual current samples. Classification results of measured and simulation data show that the classification accuracy of the ISSA-S3VM-KNN is higher than that of the SVM-BPNN, WE-AE-BPNN, and PSO-SVM. The ISSA-S3VM-KNN provides a certain theoretical basis for achieving fast and accurate residual current fault type recognition.

Numerical Analysis of Directional Rock Blasting with Continuous-Discontinuous Element Method

Yunpeng Li,Chun Feng,Yiming Zhang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.8

When simulating the directional blasting process, many researchers focus on the cutting and splitting effects who might pay more attention on the crushing effects when studying conventionalcut blasting. In this case, a numerical tool capable of capturing the strong discontinuity processes of quasi-brittle materials is highly preferable, where many blasting parameters should be calibrated and inputted. In this work, a hybrid finite-discrete elements method with explicit iterative procedure named Continuous-Discontinuous Elements Method (CDEM) is adopted to study the directional rock blasting processes. Landau model is used to capture the detonation effects, where the parameters are calibrated by comparing to the results provided by published literatures. We found that: i) The crack propagation mode of directional rock blasting is similar to those found in Brazilian splitting tests where the crack initiates from the midpoint of the connecting line of blast holes; ii) Compared with traditional cut blasting, the free surface has no significant influence on the blasting effect of directional cut blasting, while the spacing of the hole has great influence on the cutting effect. The index of fracture degree can be used to evaluate the blasting effect quantitatively. This work partly reveals some cracking patterns and rules of directional rock blasting, which may assist the engineers to develop improved precise blasting technologies.

Review on Digital Image Watermarking Based on Singular Value Decomposition

Wang, Chengyou,Zhang, Yunpeng,Zhou, Xiao Korea Information Processing Society 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.6

With the rapid development of computer technologies, a number of image modification methods have emerged, which have great impacts on the security of image information. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the integrity and authenticity of digital images, and digital watermarking technique consequently becomes a research hotspot. An effort is made to survey and analyze advancements of image watermarking algorithms based on singular value decomposition (SVD) in recent years. In the first part, an overview of watermarking techniques is presented and then mathematical theory of SVD is given. Besides, SVD watermarking model, features, and evaluation indexes are demonstrated. Various SVD-based watermarking algorithms, as well as hybrid watermarking algorithms based on SVD and other transforms for copyright protection, tamper detection, location, and recovery are reviewed in the last part.

New generation software of structural analysis and design optimization--JIFEX

Gu, Yuanxian,Zhang, Hongwu,Guan, Zhenqun,Kang, Zhan,Li, Yunpeng,Zhong, Wanxie Techno-Press 1999 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.7 No.6

This paper presents the development and applications of the software package JIFEX, a new finite element system which can be used for structural analysis and optimum design by the modern computer hardware and software technologies such as MS Windows95/NT and Pentium PC platforms. The complete system of JIFEX is programmed with $C/C^{++}$ language to make full use of advanced facilities of MS Windows95/NT. In the system, the finite element data pre-processing, based on the most popular CAD package AutoCAD (R13, R14), has been implemented, so that the finite element modeling could be integrated with geometric modeling of CAD. The system not only has interactive graphics facility for data post-processing, but also realizes the real-time computing visualization by means of the Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) technique. Running on the Pentium computers, JIFEX can solve large-scale finite element analysis problems such as the ones with more than 60000 nodes in the finite element model.

Review on Digital Image Watermarking Based on Singular Value Decomposition

Chengyou Wang,Yunpeng Zhang,Xiao Zhou 한국정보처리학회 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.6

With the rapid development of computer technologies, a number of image modification methods haveemerged, which have great impacts on the security of image information. Therefore, it is necessary to protectthe integrity and authenticity of digital images, and digital watermarking technique consequently becomes aresearch hotspot. An effort is made to survey and analyze advancements of image watermarking algorithmsbased on singular value decomposition (SVD) in recent years. In the first part, an overview of watermarkingtechniques is presented and then mathematical theory of SVD is given. Besides, SVD watermarking model,features, and evaluation indexes are demonstrated. Various SVD-based watermarking algorithms, as well ashybrid watermarking algorithms based on SVD and other transforms for copyright protection, tamperdetection, location, and recovery are reviewed in the last part.

Quinetides: diverse posttranslational modified peptides of ribonuclease-like storage protein from Panax quinquefolius as markers for differentiating ginseng species

Qiang Zhao,Yunpeng Bai,Dan Liu,Nan Zhao,Huiyuan Gao,Xiaozhe Zhang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.5

Background: Peptides have diverse and important physiological roles in plants and are ideal markers for species identification. It is unclear whether there are specific peptides in Panax quinquefolius L. (PQ). The aims of this study were to identify Quinetides, a series of diverse posttranslational modified native peptides of the ribonuclease-like storage protein (ginseng major protein), from PQ to explore novel peptide markers and develop a new method to distinguish PQ from Panax ginseng. Methods: We used different fragmentation modes in the LTQ Orbitrap analysis to identify the enriched Quinetide targets of PQ, and we discovered Quinetide markers of PQ and P. ginseng using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. These “peptide markers” were validated by simultaneously monitoring Rf and F11 as standard ginsenosides. Results: We discovered 100 Quinetides of PQ with various post-translational modifications (PTMs), including a series of glycopeptides, all of which originated from the protein ginseng major protein. We effectively distinguished PQ from P. ginseng using new “peptide markers.” Four unique peptides (Quinetides TP6 and TP7 as markers of PQ and Quinetides TP8 and TP9 as markers of P. ginseng) and their associated glycosylation products were discovered in PQ and P. ginseng. Conclusion: We provide specific information on PQ peptides and propose the clinical application of peptide markers to distinguish PQ from P. ginseng.

Epsilon-Fe₂O₃ is a novel intermediate for magnetite biosynthesis in magnetotactic bacteria

Tong Wen,Yunpeng Zhang,Yuanyuan Geng,Junquan Liu,Abdul Basit,Jiesheng Tian,Ying Li,Ji-Lun Li,Jing Ju,Wei Jiang 한국생체재료학회 2019 생체재료학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: Natural biological magnetite nanoparticles are widely distributed from microorganisms to humans. It is found to be very important in organisms, especially in navigation. Moreover, purified magnetite nanoparticles also have potential applications in bioengineering and biomedicine. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) is considered one of the most abundant species around the world which can form intracellular membrane enveloped magnetic nanoparticles, referred to as magnetosomes. To our knowledge, the biomineralization of magnetosome in MTB involves a serious of genes located on a large unstable genomic region named magnetosome island, which specially exists in MTB. The magnetite core of magnetosome formed via a Fe (III) ion intermediates, for instance, α-Fe2O3 and ferrihydrite. Though the biosynthesis of magnetosome represents a general biomineralization mechanism of biogenic magnetite, knowledge of magnetosome biosynthesis and biomineralization remains very limited. Method: Cells used in this study were cultured in a 7.5-L bioreactor, samples for intermediate capture were taken each certain time interval after the generation of magnetosome biosynthesis condition. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the detailed structure of magnetosomes. The parameters of the crystal structures were obtained by Fast Fourier Transform analyses. Results: In this study, we identified a novel intermediate phase, ε-Fe2O3, during the magnetite maturation process in MTB via kinetic analysis. Unlike α-Fe2O3, which has been reported as a precursor during magnetosome biosynthesis in MTB before, ε-Fe2O3, due to its thermal instability, is a rare phase with scarce natural abundance. This finding confirmed that ε-Fe2O3 is an important novel intermediate during the biomineralization of magnetosome in MTB, and shed new light on the magnetosome biosynthesis pathway.