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Kim, Yang Sup,Park, Yong Hwan,Cha, Dong Yule,Kim, Sam Soon 한국균학회 1982 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.10 No.2
The spore surface structure found in several families has proved to differ ultrastructurally from the surface observations as seen with the light microscope. In this paper authors report some species which collected in Korea and Japan in recent years investigated on the ultrastructural features of the basidio spores. Species were observed as follow: Boletellus emodensis, B. obscurecoceineus, B. russellii, B. hiratsukae, Strobilomyces confusus, Porphyrellus fusisporus, P. subvirens, P. gracitis, Heimiella japonica, Russula foetens, R. laurcceraci and R. senecis.
Yuling Ding,Chanipa Jiratchayamaethasakul,Eun-A Kim,Junseong Kim,Soo-Jin Heo,Seung-Hong Lee 한국해양바이오학회 2018 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.10 No.2
An active ingredient with hyaluronidase (HAse) inhibitory effect is one of the anti-aging approaches in cosmeceuticals. Here, red sea cucumbers (RSCs), Stichopus japonicus, from Jeju Island were evaluated to examine their HAse inhibitory and antioxidant activity effect. In this study, RSCs were extracted by six enzymatic hydrolysis (Alcalase; Al, Trypsin; Try, Neutrase; Neu, Pepsin; Pep, Alpha-chymotrypsin; Chy and Protamex; Pro). Alcalase hydrolysate (AlH) showed the highest antioxidant capacities for both of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) methods, compared to those of other hydrolysates, at 66.59±0.78 μM TE/mg and 135.78±3.24 μM TE/㎎, respectively. Furthermore, AlH performed the highest capacity of HAse inhibitory with IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 3.21 ㎎/ml. Thus, RSCs hydrolyzed by Al were chosen to determine the cellular antioxidant activity and hyaluronic acid (HA) production effect on Human immortalized keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The results showed that AlH improved the cell viabilities and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by 2,2’-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) were significantly decreased. In addition, AlH increased HA amount by regulating HYAL2 and HAS2 expressions in the HaCaT cells. Taken together, AlH of RSCs collected from Jeju Island showed HAse inhibitory and antioxidant activities against skin-aging which shows its potentials can be an optional natural bioactive ingredient for novel cosmeceuticals.
Caliban of Ariel? : The Politics of Language in Postcolonial African Literature
Kim, Sang-Yule 한국아프리카학회 2002 한국아프리카학회지 Vol.16 No.-
To understand the true postcolonial African linguistic reality, the colonial invention of Africa must be understood first of all as an outgrowth of European racism. Actually, the notion of Africans which was already founded on the very European concept of the Negro(Appiah 1996, 62). Thus it can be argued that the invented tradition of African societies was imported from Europe and it distorted the past but became in themselves realities through which a good deal of colonial encounter was represented. Fanon has already stated on the inventiveness by power that the negro is so much a Negro as since he has been dominated by whites. The reality ultimately is that the very category of the Negro is at root a European product; for the 'whites' constructed the Negroes in order to dominate them. Second, to penetrate the African reality, we need to transcend the banalities of nativism - its images of purgation, its declaration, in the face of global capitalism, of a spacious ' autonomy.' Third, we must realize that the language of empire - of center and periphery, identity and difference, the sovereign subject and her colonies - continues to structure the criticism and reception of all the postcolonial literatures as well as African literature.
언론직(업)에서 오는 심리적 탈진감에 대한 연구 - 서울소재 6개 일간지 기자를 대상으로
김동률(Kim Dong Yule) 한국인적자원관리학회 2006 인적자원관리연구 Vol.13 No.2
연구의 목적은 무가지 범람, 인터넷 언론과의 경쟁, 휴일근무, 심한 노동 강도 등에 노출되어 있는 한국 언론인들의 직업에서 오는 탈진정도를 계량적으로 알아보기 위한 것이다. 직업에서 오는 “심리적 탈진감(psychological job burnout)”이 현대사회에서 얼마나 중요한 지는 인사조직 관련분야에서 급증하고 있는 논문의 양으로 알 수 있다. 하지만 언론직에서 오는 탈진현상에 관한 국내연구는 찾아보기 힘들다. 이에 따라 언론직에서 오는 심리적 탈진감을 실증적으로 검증하기 위해 탈진감 연구에 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 마슬렉의 탈진척도 (MBI: Maslach burnout indicators) 22개 항목을 조선, 중앙, 동아, 한겨레, 경향, 서울 등 서울소재 6개 종합 일간지 기자들에게 적용해 그 정도를 알아봤다.<BR> 연구결과, MBI의 세 부문 중 핵심부문인 정서적인 측면의 탈진 정도가 높은 것으로 조사됐다(평균 2.55). 이에 비해 인격적인 측면과 성취적인 측면의 탈진감은 그 정도가 심하지 않은 것으로 드러났다. 또한 경영여건이 상대적으로 양호한 보수성격의 조선, 중앙, 동아일보 등 메이저 신문에서 일하는 기자들보다 한겨레, 경향, 서울신문 등 진보성격의 마이너 신문에서 일하는 기자들의 정서적인 탈진 정도가 상대적으로 더 심함을 보여주고 있다. 그러나 언론직 자체에 대한 성취감이나 동료와의 유대감 측면에서는 전체 분석 대상자들이 상대적으로 긍정적으로 보고 있는 것으로 조사됐으며 언론사 집단간 차이는 무의미한 것으로 나타났다. 그 외에 신문사 근무기간별로는 심리적 탈진감이 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. Psychological job burnout is becoming an important issue, and it"s shown by the rapid increase of paper in this field. During the past 10 years, many papers on diverse professional job have been broadly researched. But until now, a media person in Korea only has so-called, media power, considering the job burnout as having no concern with the job or totally ignoring the research about job burnout. Related researches were merely focused on job satisfaction perspective. This exploratory study applied a widely used psychological test (MBI) to measure the job burnout among a sample of reporters at six daily newspapers in Seoul of dissimilar size, and political or ideological preferences<BR> Results indicate that employee most likely to suffer from burnout. More precisely, while the core of MBI"s three section, the degree of emotion area burnout was great (average 2.43), the degree in character and the achievement area was not that serious. The media with business conditions that are relatively steady, Chosun, Joongang, Donga Daily, the major media scale (4.03) came out higher than Hankyoreh, Kyunghyang, and Seoul newspaper scale (3.67) showing journalists working in minor newspapers have a burnout that is serious compared to major newspapers. In the area of achievement or relation, all the subject of analysis showed positive signs.
“잃어버린 세대”와 그 불만 : 『위대한 개츠비』에 나타난 재현의 폭력
김상률(Kim Sang-yule) 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소 2005 외국문학연구 Vol.- No.19
The purpose of this paper is to examine the aspects of violent representation in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby from a postcolonial perspective. Fitzgerald is a leading figure of “Lost Generation.” His The Great Gatsby has been evaluated as the American canon in terms of its style and structure. Yet his misrepresentations of the other such as race, gender and class have been ignored owing to the aesthetic achievement of the text. This paper investigates and interrogates how he represents the other in The Great Gatsby. First of all this paper begins its discussion with re-reading of “Lost Generation” and talk about its discontent in terms of representation. Then this study goes on to define what is representation in cultural context and how it operates as power. Next three aspects of representation in the text will be discussed by demonstrating proper textual evidences. The key argument of the paper is that the protagonist Gatsby is described as a racial other from Tom Bucchanan's eyes. Gatsby is marginalized by the dominant whit Anglo-Saxon bourgeoisie even though he returns a rich man. The established group also marginalize the sexual other such as Daisy. The violence of representation is revealed through stereotyping the other as inferior being like an animal or potential terrorist like an monster. For this Fitzgerald translates class into race and vice versa. This racializing of the class and sexualizing of the race has been deployed as colonial strategies by the hegemony class in order to maintain its domination.