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Lee, Youra,Lee, Do Hee,Kho, Chang Won,Lee, Ah Young,Jang, Mi,Cho, Sayeon,Lee, Choong Hwan,Lee, Jong Suk,Myung, Pyung Keun,Park, Byoung Chul,Park, Sung Goo Elsevier 2005 FEBS letters Vol.579 No.21
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Purine catabolic pathway in <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> is consisted of more than 14 genes. Among these genes, <I>pucL</I> and <I>pucM</I> are required for uricase activity. While PucL is known to encode the uricase itself, the function of PucM is still unclear although this protein is also indispensable for uric acid decomposition. Here, we provide evidence that PucM, a transthyretin-related protein, functions to facilitate the hydrolysis of 5-hydroxyisourate, the end product of the uricase reaction. Based on these results, we propose that transthyretin-related proteins present in diverse organisms are not functionally related to transthyretin but actually function as a hydroxyisourate hydrolase.</P>
Youra Lee,Ji Hoon Oh,Kyoung-Ah Kong,Myoung Hee Kim 대한의생명과학회 2012 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.18 No.2
Hox proteins containing DNA-binding homedomain act as transcription factors important for anteroposterior body patterning during vertebrate embryogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which signal pathways are transduced to regulate the Hox gene expression are not clear. In the course of an attempt to isolate an upstream regulatory factor(s) controlling Hox genes, protein kinase B alpha (Akt1) has been identified as a putative regulator of Hox genes through in silico analysis (GEO profile). In the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GDS1784 at the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) site, Hox genes were differentially expressed depending on the presence or absence of Akt1. Since it was not well known how Akt1 regulates the specific Hox genes, whose transcription was reported to be regulated by epigenetic modifications such as histone acetylation, methylation etc., the expression of Gcn5, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), was analyzed in wild type (WT) as well as in Akt1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the amount of Gcn5 mRNA was similar in both WT and Akt1-/- MEFs. However, the protein level of Gcn5 was significantly increased in Akt1-/- MEF cells. The half life of Gcn5 was 1 hour in wild type whereas 8 hours in Akt1-/- MEF. These data all together, indicate that Gcn5 is post-transcriptionally down-regulated and the protein stability is negatively regulated by Akt1 in MEF cells.
Proteomic analysis of glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells
Lee, Youra,Park, Hye-won,Park, Sung Goo,Cho, Sayeon,Myung, Pyung Keun,Park, Byoung Chul,Lee, Do Hee WILEY-VCH 2007 Proteomics Vol. No.
<P>In the present study, we have investigated the proteome changes associated with glutamate-induced HT22 cell death, a model system to study oxidative stress-mediated toxicity. Among a number of HT22 proteins exhibiting altered expression, several molecular chaperones demonstrated substantial changes. For example, the levels of Hsp90 and Hsp70 decreased as cell death progressed whereas that of Hsp60 increased dramatically. Interestingly, cytosolic Hsp60 increased more prominently than mitochondrial Hsp60. Concomitantly, the accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins and differential regulation of the peptidase activities and the subunits of 26S proteasomes were observed in glutamate-treated HT22 cells. Our findings that the molecular chaperones and the ubiquitin-proteasome system undergo changes during glutamate-induced HT22 cell death may suggest the importance of a protein quality control system in oxidative damage-mediated toxicity.</P>
영어 -ly 유형 인식견지부사의 담화표지 기능 이해도 분석: 한국인 EFL 학습자와 원어민 화자를 대상으로
이유라(Youra Lee),유석훈(Seok-Hoon You) 서울대학교 언어교육원 2020 語學硏究 Vol.56 No.3
English -ly adverbials (LY) with epistemic modality are frequently used as discourse markers (DM) in spoken language. In this paper, LY DM is defined as an epistemic stance marker. The experiment for this study aims to analyze Korean EFL learners" comprehension of LY used as a DM on the basis of the hypothesis that they would perceive LY differently from how English native speakers perceive them. In order to conduct the experiment, previous studies on DMs were thoroughly examined to establish the theoretical framework. Based on the framework, the Discourse Marker Interpretation Test (DMIT) was designed. The research data collected through the test were analyzed using quantitative methods. Additionally, interviews were conducted to supplement the interpretation of the research results. The experiment mainly determined that, unlike English native speakers, who properly interpreted LY with their DM function, Korean EFL learners are inclined to interpret LY used as DMs simply with their lexical meanings (the dictionary definition). Results suggest that there is a high possibility for Korean EFL learners to commit more errors when encountering LY DMs.
이유라(Youra Lee) 한국중원언어학회 2021 언어학연구 Vol.- No.60
This corpus based study aims 1) to quantitatively analyze the appearance frequency of Korean degree adverbs that function as downtoners by registers, and 2) to qualitatively explore the aspects of their usages and interactions with the registers. The target words of this study, cokum, yakkan, chwungpwunhi, sangtanghi, taso, kkway, pikyocek, unkunhi, ssek, and samwus, were analyzed in the four registers: spoken, book-imaginative, newspaper, and book-informative. The findings of this analysis indicate that i) chwungpwunhi was used almost evenly in all of the registers, and ii) yakkan, sangtanghi, and cokum showed more colloquialness while iii) taso and pikyocek seemed to be more preferred in the formal written text. Last but not least, iiii) kkway, unkunhi, ssek, and samwus appeared to be more favored in the book-imaginative register which is generally characterized by its narrativity. Additionally, it was found that "hedgeness", which intentionally gives ambiguity to the object being modified, was inherent in all of these adverbs.
( Jong Suk Lee ),( Youra Kang ),( Jong Tae Kim ),( Dinesh Tha Pa ),( Eung Seok Lee ),( Jung Ae Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0
Abnormal angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as cancer and chronic inflammation. A variety of pro-angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), exert their action through endothelial receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The syntheticphenylpropenone derivatives, used in this study were the following: 1,3-diphenyl-propenone (DPhP), 3-phenyl-1-thiophen-2-yl-propenone (PhT2P), 3-phenyl-1-thiophen-3-yl-propenone (PhT3P) and 1-furan-2-yl-3-phenyl-propenone (FPhP). These derivatives were screened for their inhibitory effect on VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro using HUVECs and in vivo using chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The order of anti-angiogenic activity was DPhP>FPhP>PhT3P>PhT2P. The most effective compound DPhP, also known as chalcone, showed weak VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity compared with the specific inhibitor, SU4312 (3-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one). However, DPhP also inhibited several other receptor tyrosine kinases including Tie-2, epithermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, EphB2, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 3 and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor, as revealed by a receptor tyrosine kinase array assay. In addition, the down-stream signaling, including ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, after receptor activation was significantly inhibited by DPhP. Furthermore, in the HT29 human colon cancer cell-inoculated CAM assay, the tumor growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by DPhP (10μg/ml). These results suggest that the simple flavonoid, DPhP (chalcone), has valuable potential as an antiangiogenic and anti-cancer agent, and its action is mediated through the inhibition of multi-target RTKs including VEGF receptor 2.ⓒ 2011 Elsevler B.B. All rights reserved.