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변종숙,김영희 충북대학교 교육생활연구소 2001 생활과학연구논총 Vol.4 No.-
The purposes of this study was to investigate the differences of disabled children's family impact according to mother's and child's characteristics. Subjects of this study consisted of 300 mothers with disable children attended the special elementary school in Cheongju city. The valid responses were 183, which were from 214 total questionnaire responses. Data were analyzed by SPSSWIN with the method of frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan test. The results of this study were as follows: 1.The higher education a mother experiences, she shows the less participation's in social activity and the more isolations in social relationship. 2.The factor of the number of children shows a difference in family impact. The family with only a disabled child uses more expenses in education and medical care then the family with more than one child, thus experiencing more economic difficulties. And the more children a mother has, the more negatively she recognizes the support from her spouse. 3.The more difficulties in raising her disabled child a mother feels, she feels the more social activity restrictions and the less supportiveness by her spouse, thus the more negatively she recognizes the relationship with her spouse. 4.The more severe disability a multiply handicapped children has, the more economic difficulties and social activity restrictions his mother experiences. 5.Children's sex shows a difference in social activity restrictions and children's age in economic difficulties.
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실고생의 멀티미디어 매체활용 교육에 있어서 인지양식과 정보제시유형의 관계 연구
변숙영 한국직업능력개발원 2003 직업능력개발연구 Vol.6 No.2
In this research, Cognitive style(field-dependent/field-independent) clears effective information presentation method to vocational high school learners by differing and presents information presentation type to other learner. This study was intended to provide the guidelines for developing efficient multimedia learning materials. Through this research, result and offer drawn are same as following. As analysis result that dichotomies analysis uses PROBIT, multimedia presentation (motion picture+narration+text) improved the learning performances in comparison with picture+text presentation for field-dependent learners. Multimedia practical use education that picture and narration etc. are presented to multimedia presentation laying stress on same reflex to vocational high school learners, especialIy field-dependent learner who studies accomplishment degree is low than field-independent learner that decline and basis teachability tribal problem is advancing seriously studying winter season could understand the most efficient multimedia learning material. The results of this study imply that in developing the curriculum and teaching-learning materials, presentation form appropriate to the learner's cognitive style need to be considered to improve the individual learner's performance.
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경북지역 주부들의 전통 부엌 세간의 보유 현황 및 이용실태 조사 연구
한재숙,최영희,조연숙,변재옥,한경필,김현옥,정종기,최석현 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.4
Housewives residing in the Kyongsang-Buk-do area were surveyed to determine their ownership of Korean traditional kitchen appliances and their usages. A breakdown of the appliances for the survey was as follows: 16 tableware, 17 household utensils, 15 heating utensils, 14 ceramic and earthen pottery, 6 stone utensils, 9 cooking utensils, 9 utensils made of the dried bamboo and bush clover, and 13 dining tables ("sang"). The types of the appliances with the largest ownerships and most frequently used were as follows: The jeopsi was most frequently owned, followed by the daejeop and the jaengban. The most frequently used item was the jubal,, followed by the daejeop and the jeopsi. Among the wooden utensils, bangmangi was most frequently owned, followed by the chanjang, the che, the doe, mal and hop. The most frequently used household utensil was the chanjang, followed by the takjasang and the doe, mal and hop. The utensil the most people owned for heating was the jujeonja, followed by the seoksoe, the musoesot and the siru. The most frequently used utensil for heating was the jujeonja, the musoesot and the seoksoe, in the order. As for the ceramic and earthen pottery, hangari and dok were owned and used most frequently. The maetdol and the jeolgu, though very low in their ownership rate, were most frequently owned items among the stoned utensils. The kal and the doma were the most frequently owned and used cooking utensils. The sokuri, and the chaeban and the baguni were the most frequently owned among the utensils made of the dried bamboo, bush clover and straw, while the sokuri was used the most frequently, followed by the chaeban and the jori. Among the dining tables, the kyojasang was the item most frequently owned, followed by the seonban and the chaeksangban, while the wonban was the most frequently used, followed by the kyojasang and the chaeksangban.
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김동훈,변주남,김영숙 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1
The clinical applications of cardiac MRI for defining viability of myocardium, congenital heart diseases, and various other heart diseases are evolving due to the advantage of the technique's excellent spatial resolution, Its large field of view, unlimited imaging planes, CINE imaging and delayed enhancement with contrast enable the depiction of complex lesions, abnormal movement of chamber, myocardial ischemia and infarction. Recently, guidelines for when this technique should be employed in clinical practice have revised on 2004. Therefore the aim of this article (from a Consensus Panel by the Working Group on CMR of the European Society of Cardiology and the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance) is to update these guidelines tor cardiovascular radiologist, cardiologist, and cardiac surgeon at Chosun University Hospital.
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유아의 형제관계에 따른 사회·인지적 놀이형태와 또래놀이 상호작용에 관한 연구
변현영,정계숙 부산대학교 보육종합센터 영유아보육연구소 2008 영유아보육연구 Vol.14 No.-
The purpose of this study was to find any differences in young children's social- cognitive play form and the peer-play interactions according to the relations of sibling. In order to solve problems, focused on 90 4 year-old K-kindergarten living in Busan. The instruments which are used for understanding the play form according to children's presence of sibling and order of birth: Rubin, Maioni and Hormung(1976) are made for estimating at once with a mean to combinate social- cognitive play steps. those are used social-cognitive play scale which are adapted by sung-ae Ji(1996). In order to scaling the peer-play interactions, the Penn Interactive Peer Play Sca1e(PIPPS) those are made by Fantuzzo, Sutton-Smith, Coolahan, Manz, Canning and Debnam(1995), those aie used which adapted by su-young Kim(2000). The sca1es(PIPPS-T) are composed of 32 questions, instructors rate actions of each children. Analyzing datum For calculating results, used SPSS 12 version, statistics analysis program and conducted t-verification which is based on the average and the standard deviation. After that process, the study results were as follows. First, there are significant differences social-cognitive play form according to children's presence of sibling. the children who have siblings much appeared that they prefer to group-role play, group-rule play, group-constructive play, group-functional play, parallel-role play, few appeared solitary-constructive play, non play, solitary-role play, solitary-functional play. there were the children who have sibling much do group play and e children who don't have sibling much do solitary play of social play form. Second, there are meaningful differences in forms of social-cognitive play at the part of subordinate variable according to children's order of birth, the fust child mostly appeared in parallel-constructive play, Parallel-functional play than second-above child, the second-above child mostly appeared group-role play more than the first child, those are indicated that the first child prefer parallel play, second-above one prefer group-role play. Third, there are meaningfu1 differences in the peer-play interactions at the part of subordinate variable according to children's presence of sibling, therefore, children who have sibling gained high score in interactive peer-play, on the contrary children who don't have sibling gained high score in cutting play. Forth, there are meaningful differences in the peer-play interactions the part of subordinate variable according to children's order of birth, therefore, the first child gained higher score in interactive peer-play than second-above child.
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Young-Eun Cho,Young-Mee Byun,Eun-Hee Kwak,Jin-Sook Yoon,Hyun-Mee Oh,Jae-Wang Kim,Hyun-Soo Shin,Chong-Suk Kwon,In-Sook Kwun 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.4
The concern of the antioxidant micronutrient status in normal healthy people, including antioxidant trace minerals such as Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Se is focused since systemic oxidation is involved in various chronic diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the concentration of trace minerals (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) which are considered as potential antioxidant minerals in plasma, red blood cells (RBCs) and urine in normal healthy Korean subjects. The 760 subjects (male 341, female 419; mean age 54.2±18.9) were recruited from the rural, urban and metropolitan city in South Korea. Dietary intake was evaluated using 24-hours recall for general major nutrient intake assessment. The trace elements (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) concentrations in plasma, RBCs, and urine were measured by inductively coupled plasma spectrophotometer (ICP) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Cu and Zn levels in plasma, RBCs and urine in normal healthy South Koreans were within the normal range of those mineral levels, but Mn and Fe levels were higher compared to the normal range of those mineral levels. None of the selected trace mineral levels in plasma and RBC's was lower than the normal range value. The results showed that Zn and Cu levels in plasma and RBC's in Korean were within the normal range, and plasma and urinary Mn and Fe levels were higher than the normal reference values. Potential antioxidant trace mineral (Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) levels in Koreans are within or a bit higher than the normal range.
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( Young-Suk Lim ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Ki Tae Yoon ),( Won Young Tak ),( Jae-Seok Hwang ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Kwan Soo Byun ),( Seung Woon Paik ),( Sook-Hyang Jeong ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( So Young Kwon 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: In this randomized, double-blind study in HBeAg-positive patients, the efficacy of TAF was demonstrated to be non-inferior to that of TDF at Week48 in the proportion with HBV DNA<29 IU/mL with improved bone and renal effects. Here we present the subgroup efficacy analysis of Korean patients in the study. Methods: In this study, patients with HBeAg-positive CHB were randomized 2:1 to TAF 25mg or TDF 30mg, with matching placebo, and treated for 96weeks. The primary efficacy analysis was the percent of patients with HBV DNA<29 IU/mL at Week48. The results of primary efficacy analysis of Korean patients were separately analyzed. Results: 873 patients were randomized and treated, including 173 subjects(20%) in the Korea population (TAF 120 subjects; TDF 53 subjects). Comparison across the 3 subject populations (Korea, nonKorea, and overall) showed that Korea subjects were older, a higher proportion were female and ≥ 50 years of age at baseline, a lower mean baseline HBV DNA level, and similar portion of treatment-experienced subjects. Nearly all were genotype C. Key efficacy end points are summarized in the Table. The percentages of Korean subjects with HBV DNA levels <29 IU/mL at Week48 were higher than the non-Korea population (74% with TAF and 76% with TDF). Smaller percentage of Korean patients treated with TAF achieved normalization of serum ALT values and HBeAg seroconversion rates were similar(TAF 10%; TDF 9%). The rates of treatment discontinuations and serious AEs were low and similar, consistent with overall population. Korea subjects treated with TAF showed smaller declines in hip and spine BMD and smaller changes in CrCl at Week48 compare with TDF arm. No viral resistance was observed. Conclusions: Compared to TDF 300mg, the efficacy of TAF 25mg in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB was non-inferior. Week48 efficacy results of Korean population were consistent with those of the nonKorea and overall populations.
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( Young-Suk Lim ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Ki Tae Yoon ),( Won Young Tak ),( Jae-Seok Hwang ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Kwan Soo Byun ),( Seung Woon Paik ),( Sook-Hyang Jeong ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( So Young Kwon 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: TAF has shown similar efficacy to TDF with less bone and renal effects in 2 large multinational Phase 3 studies after 96weeks(2 years) of double-blind (DB) treatment. Here we eval uated efficacy and safety, including bone and renal parameters, in the subset of patients from East Asia(EA) who completed 2years of DB treatment with TAF 25mg or TDF 300mg once daily and were switched to open label(OL) TAF 25mg once daily for 1year. Methods: In 2 identically-designed studies, 1298 CHB patients who were HBeAgnegative (Study 108; N=425) or HBeAg positive(Study 110; N=873) were randomized and treated. At Week96, 540(42%; TAF 360; TDF 180) patients including 240(18%; TAF 156; TDF 84) EA patients, had completed 2years of DB TAF or TDF treatment and been switched to OL TAF. Safety including bone(serial DXA scans of spine and hip) and renal(CrCl by Cockcroft-Gault [eGFR<sub>CG</sub>]) parameters, viral sup pression and biochemical response were assessed at Year 3. Results: In EA patients on DB TDF switched to OL TAF(TDF<sup>®</sup> TAF), eGFRCG improved at Year 3 vs. Year 2 (median [Q1, Q3] change = +3.0 [-3.0, +8.4] ml/min); and was stable in those continuing TAF(TAF<sup>®</sup>TAF)(figure). BMD also improved at Year 3 vs. Year 2 in TDF<sup>®</sup>TAF patients (mean[SD]% change: spine = +2.2%[3.48]; hiP=+0.7%[2.44]) while BMD changes were sta ble for TAF<sup>®</sup>TAF patients (figure). High rates of virologic control (HBV DNA<29IU/mL) were maintained in those on treatment at Year3 vs Year2(TDF<sup>®</sup>TAF 96% and 95% and TAF<sup>®</sup>TAF 90% and 93%); ALT normalization (AASLD criteria) increased in TDF<sup>®</sup>TAF patients and was similar to TAF<sup>®</sup>TAF patients at 1 year follow ing switch(46% vs 42%; M=F). Conclusions: EA patients switched to TAF after 2 years of TDF had improved bone and renal safety; virologic control was maintained and ALT normalization increased. The results in EA patients are comparable to those seen in the overall population.
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