Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향

정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),안지영(Ji-Young Ahn),박정화(Jung-Wha Park),차명화(Myung-Hwa Cha),이양자(Yang-Cha Lee Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

혈중 지질농도는 식이단백질 종류보다는 연령의 영향을 많이 받아, young군보다 old군의 총 콜레스테롤, TG, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 및 AI 모두 높았다. 한편 콩 단백질군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 증가하고, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤와 AI는 감소하여, 심혈관질환에 대한 콩 단백질의 유익한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 식이단백질에 의해 유의한 영향을 받은 혈장 인지질의 지방산조성중 22:0, 18:1ω9, ∑MUFA 조성은 카제인군에서 콩 단백질군 보다 높았으며, 반대로 ∑SFA 조성은 카제인군에서 낮았다. 연령에 의해 혈장 인지질 지방산 조성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보인 지방산 중 22:0, 18:1ω9, 22:1, 18:3ω3 및 22:4ω6는 young군에서 높은 반면에, 22:6ω3, ∑ω3, 18:2ω6, 20:4ω6, ∑ω6 및 ∑PUFA의 조성비율은 old군에서 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 식이 단백질의 종류보다 연령의 영향력이 더 많이 나타난 것은 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 식이 단백질보다는 연령의 영향을 더 크게 받았기 때문으로 생각된다. 혈장 인지질 지방산의 대사지표 중 Δ7-desaturation index(16:0⇒16:1ω7)와 Δ9-desaturation index(18:0⇒18:1ω9)가 식이 단백질의 영향을 받아 카제인군에 비해 콩 단백질군에서 유의하게 낮았다. Δ7- 및 Δ9-desaturation index만이 식이 단백질의 영향을 받은 것은 식이 단백질보다 desaturase 활성에 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 콜레스테롤이 식이에 첨가되었기 때문이라 생각된다. Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6)는 young군에 비해 old군에서 높았으며, elongation index(20:4 ω6⇒22:4ω6)는 old군에서 낮았다. 대부분의 elongation과 desaturation 단계는 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 못하였으나, ω3계 지방산의 전체적인 elongation-desaturation 단계를 나타내는 ∑products-fatty acid(ω3)/α-LNA(ω3) 비율이 old군에서 young군보다 유의하게 높아, 연령에 따른 PUFA 대사의 변화가 관찰되었다. 이상에서와 같이, 콩 단백질의 섭취로 흰쥐 혈장 인지질의 ∑MUFA 조성은 낮고 ∑SFA 조성은 높아 다른 지질 강화성분의 섭취와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높은 old군에서 체내 막조직의 유동성을 유지하기 위해 PUFA의 합성 특히 ω3계 지방산의 elongation-desaturation이 증가하여 총 PUFA 조성이 young군보다 높았다. 연구결과로 이소플라본을 포함한 콩 단백질의 혈중 지질저하 기전에 대해 체계적인 설명은할 수 없지만, 콩 단백질이 혈장 지방산의 조성을 변화시킴으로써 간접적으로 심혈관계 질환에 대해 유익한 효과를 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 이러한 혈관의 건강과 관련된 콩의 유익한 효과는 이소플라본과 같은 콩의 특정 성분의 단독효과라기보다는 콩 단백질과의 복합효과에 의한 것이라는 주장은 매우 설득력 있다고 생각된다. Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7- & 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young: SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young: CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC & YS). Soy groups had higher HDL-Chol. level and lower (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9, C22:1, C18:3ω3 and C22:4ω6 were higher and those of C22:6ω3, sum ofω3, C18:2ω6 C20:4ω6, sum ofω6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and ω3/ω6 ratio in older group was higher. The Δ-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1ω7) and Δ-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18 : 1ω9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6) were higher and, elongation index (20:4ω6⇒22:4ω6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of ω3 fatty acid series/precursor of ω3 fatty acid series (C18:3) was significantly higher in older group, which in- dicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.

철근 콘크리트 구조물의 확률론적 유한요소해석

정영수 中央大學校 建設環境硏究所 1993 環境科學硏究 Vol.4 No.-

Response variability of reinforced concrete frame subjected to material property randomness has been evaluated with the aid of the finite element method. The spatial variation of Young's modulus is assumed to be a two-dimensional homogeneous stochastic process. Young's Modulus of concrete material has been investigated based on the uniaxial strength of concrete cylineder. Direct Monte Carlo simulation method is used to investigate the response of reinforced concrete frame due to the varation of Young's modulus with the Neumann expansion method and the pertubation method. The results by three analytic methods are compared with those by determinisic finite element analysis. These stochastic techinique may be an efficient tool for evaluating the structural safety and reliability of reinforced concrete structures.

재료의 불확실성에 따른 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 확률유한요소법에 의한 신뢰성해석

정영수 中央大學校 建設環境硏究所 1994 環境科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Response variability of reinforced concrete frame subjected to material property randomness has been evaluated with the aid of the finite element method. The spatial variation of Young's modulus is assumed to be a two-dimensional homogeneous stochastic process. Young's Modulus of concrete material has been investigated based on the uniaxial strength of concrete cylinder. Direct Monte Carlo simulation method is used to investigated the response of reinforced concrete frame due to the variation of Young's modulus with the Neumann expansion method and the pertubation method. The results by three analytic methods are compared with those by the deterministic finite element analysis. These stochastic techniques may be efficient tools for evaluating the structural safety and reliability of reinforced concrete structures. Safety of reinforced concrete frame has been probabilistically assessed on the basis of the response variability obtained.

청소년층에서 형성되는 요추 후방골각의 발생기전

김영수,오성훈,박형천,정태섭 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.5

The bony spur formation without degenerative change in the lumbar spines in the young age group is quite interesting and is not uncommon. This bony spur is different from the degenerative spur in the old age group in shape and mechanism of formation. The authors analyzed 25 patients below 29 years old with such posterior lumbar bony spur. We concluded that posterioly lacated Schmorl's node is main cause of the bony pour in young age group at lumbar region.

흰쥐 시상에서 Epidermal growth factor receptor면역반응 신경세포의 생후 발달에 관한 연구

박영란,정윤영,김종중,문정석,오재욱,정영욱,김주수 조선대학교 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.1

Background and Objectives : Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a 170-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, appears to mediate epidermal growth factor (EGF) activity. Transforming growth factor-α and EGF produce their biological effects in numerous systems by stimulating the EGFR In this study, we examine the postnatal development of EGFR immunoreactivity in the different regions of the thalamus of the rat Materials and Methods : The present study is based on 28 postnatal cases of rat thalamus ranging from the day of birth, postnatal day 0 (P0) to 30 days (P3, P5, P10, P15, P20, P30), and these cases were compared with adult rat thalamus. Cryostat sections were processed free-floating with monoclonal antibody by immunohistochemistry Results : EGFR immunoreactivity in the thalamus of the rat showed very different patterns according to postnatal ages and thalamic areas. EGFR-immunoreactive cells appeared in the first two postnatal weeks, except the ventral posterior thalamic nuclei. In the early postnatal days, EGFR-immunoreactive cells appeared thalamic midline structures, increased progressively in the first two postnatal weeks, and followed mediolateral gradient. The mature patterns of EGFR-immunoreactive cells were achieved at P20 Conclusion : These data indicate that the maturation of EGFR-immunoreactive cells requires a relatively prolonged period of time to achieve an adult configuration. Many growth factors probably play protective or neurotrophic roles at EGFR-immunoreactive neurons of thalamus both young and adult rats In addition to difference in time of appearance in thalamic nuclei and developing pattern with mediolateral gradient suggest that EGFR-immunoreactivities are correlated with the appearance of the related functional.

부산지역 무균성 뇌막염 원인 바이러스의 분리 및 동정 : 1998년을 중심으로

김영희,정영기,김기순,지영미,윤재득,김병준,구평태,민상기,정구영,김만수,조경순 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The incidence of aseptic meningitis infection is ensuing and threatening the health of children. Enteroviruses are the major agents of aseptic meningitis and identification of virus has been a clue to diagnosis and epidemiology. The outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in Pusan, 1998. Patients were concentrated from April through November. Children were more susceptible than adults. Among 306 cases of specimens from stool, throat swab tested, only 7.2% were positive on virus isolation, 12 cases from stool and 10 from throat, respectively. All isolated 7 serotypes of viruses represented cytopathic effect on cultured cells. Three types of echovirus 6, 25, 30 and coxsackievirus B2, B3, B4, B6 were identified by neutralizing anti body test. Isolated coxsackievirus and echovirus were observed by an electron microscope with negative staining.

한국 재래식 된장과 고추장의 숙성 중 미생물, 효소활성 및 주요 성분의 변화

이종수,권수진,정성원,최영준,유진영,정동효 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

재래식 된장과 고추장의 가스 발생을 억제하여 저장성을 향상시키기 위한 생물공학적 방법을 개발하고자 먼저 재래식 된장(봄메주 된장과 가을메주 된장)과 고추장(순천식)을 제조하여 4개월간 숙성시키면서 미생물과 효소활성 및 주요 성분의 변화를 조사하였다. 호기성 세균은 된장과 고추장 모두 숙성 60일까지 증가한 후 큰 변화가 없었고 혐기성 세균은 숙성기간 동안 된장에서는 10^7~10^8/g, 고추장에서는 10^5~10^6/g이었으며 효모는 된장에서는 숙성 15일까지 급격히 증가한 후 변화가 없었으나 고추장에서는 숙성 15일에 출현하여 60일까지 10^6/g으로 증가하였다. α-amylase 활성은 가을메주 된장에서, glucoamylase는 고추장에서 숙성기간 전반에 걸쳐 제일 높았고 산성 protease와 중성 protease 활성은 대체로 숙성 15일~30일경에 최대를 보였다. pH는 된장에서는 숙성 60일까지 7.0까지 높아졌지만 고추장은 숙성기간 내내 pH 5.0으로 낮아졌다. 수분은 봄메주 된장과 고추장에서 숙성이 진행됨에 따라 낮아져서 숙성 120일 후 40%이었으며 환원당은 고추장에서 숙성 15일까지 19.9%로 증가한 후 감소하는 경향이었다. Changes in microorganisms, enzyme activities and major components of two types of Doenjang prepared with spring Meju and autumn Meju and Kochujang were investigated during 5 months of fermentation. The viable cell counts of aerobic bacteria in Doenjang and Kochujang were increased up to 60 days of fermentation, but viable cell counts of anaerobic bacteria did not show remarkable changes during fermentation. Viable cell count of yeast showed a rapid increase up to 15 days of fermentation in Doenjang and 60 days in Kochujang. It was found that α-amylase activity of autumn Meju Doenjang and glucoamylase activity of Kochujang were higher than the other. Acidic and neutral protease showed the highest activity during 15~30 days of fermentation. The pH of Doenjang was increased up to pH 7.0 until 60 days of fermentation, but pH of Kochujang gradually decreased during fermentation. Moisture content of spring Meju Doenjang and Kochujang decreased to 40% during fermentation and reducing sugar content of Kochujang increased up to 15 days of fermentation, but decreased after that.

물질남용 치료프로그램 후 재범여부에 대한 예비적 추적조사 연구

김현수,조선미,오은영,임기영,정영기,윤웅장,이영미 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 본 연구는 물질사범에게 시행되는 수강명령 프로그램의 효과를 재범률을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 방 법: 이 연구의 대상집단은 보호관찰소에서 의뢰받은 물질남용자집단이다. 이들은 법원으로부터 보호관찰, 수강명령, 치료명령, 사회봉사 등을 부과받았다. 총 104명의 대상자집단을 치료프로그램을 이수한 수강군과 비수강군으로 나누었으며 이들에 대한 재범률을 조사하였다. 결 과: 프로그램을 이수한 수강군이 비수강군에 비해 재범률이 낮았다(p<.05). 또한 단기 수강군과 장기수강군의 재범률의 차이를 조사하였는데 대상자 집단의 수가 적기 때문에 장기 수강군의 효과가 통계적으로 입증되지는 않았다. 결 론: 우리는 물질남용자에 대한 정책이 보다 교육적으로 변화할 것을 본 논문을 통하여 제시하려 하였으며 정부 및 법무부는 물질남용자에게 교육과 치료를 제공해주어야만 한다. Objectives: Using recidivism rate, we investigated the outcome after our substance abuse treatment program had been implemented. Methods: Our target population was substance abuse criminals referred by probational office. They either received the parole and probation order, treatment order or social service order from the court. We divided 104 substance abuse criminals into treatment group and non-treatment group. We examined their recidivism rate. Results: We reached a conclusion that treatment group had lower recidivism rate than non-treatment group(p<.0.5). We examined the effectiveness of short-term and long-term programs. However, no effectivess of long-term program was found because the sabject number was too small. Conclusion: We suggest that the strategies for substance abuse should be changed to more educative ones. The Government and Ministry of Justice must provide education and treatment to the substance abuse criminals.

Captopril과 Nifedipine 병합요법의 강압효과에 관한 임상적 연구

이영수,문언수,김준호,공수정,정시진,주용진,정상만 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1993 건국의과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-

Background: The hypotensive effect of captopril(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) and nifedipine(calcium channel blocker) was studied. Method: Captopril(75mg) and nifedipine(30mg) were administered in 30 hypertensive adults during twelve weeks after a week observation for washout with stepwise increments of the dose according to the patient's blood pressure in every two weeks. Result: The supine blood pressure were decreased from 169.5±22.3/104.0±20.3 mmHg to 130.4±21.3/82.4±19.5mmHg at the end of twelve weeks during therapy.(p<0.05) The standing blood pressure were also decreased conferrably and to the some lower level. Hematologic examination and blood chemistry revealed no discernible abnormal findings before and after the treatment. During the period of the study a few probably drug-related symptom such as cough and headache, gastrointestinal disturbance developed but not troublesome enough to administering. Conclusion: Captopril and nifedipine regimen is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of hypertensive patients.